Akademisk avhandling--Filologi--Uppsala, 1979. / Bibliogr. p. 165-175. Index.

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Computación / El sistema de nombres de dominio (DNS, por sus siglas en inglés, Domain Name System) ha pasado a ser una parte fundamental en la infraestructura de Internet, permitiendo el acceso a los diferentes recursos disponibles de manera fácil y rápida. Para manejar la alta cantidad de información que estos servicios reciben, se han implementado distintos métodos de balanceo de carga, permitiendo reducir los tiempos de respuesta e incrementar la disponibilidad de estos. Una de estas metodologías corresponde a anycast, la cual fue analizada en este trabajo. Anycast es una metodología de enrutamiento que nos permite realizar el anuncio de la misma dirección IP desde diferentes localizaciones en internet, permitiendo a los Sistemas Autónomos intermedios enrutar la información de los clientes al servidor más cercano. En esta tesis, se buscó desarrollar diferentes metodologías que nos permitan realizar el análisis geográfico y topológico de una nube anycast DNS, determinando las áreas de servicio y rutas utilizadas por los clientes para conectarse a cada uno de los nodos que la componen, además de buscar posiciones óptimas en la red según diferentes parámetros. Este trabajo se dividió en las etapas de Captura de Datos, Análisis Geográfico, Análisis Topológico y Posicionamiento de Nueva Infraestructura, donde en cada etapa se propuso una metodología para realizar los análisis propuestos. Cada una de estas metodologías fue aplicada a la nube en producción a.nic.cl de NIC Chile, analizando cuatro nodos anycast posicionados en América Latina, permitiendo así verificar los resultados en una nube altamente utilizada. La Captura de Datos se realizó directamente en los nodos anycast analizados, realizando trazados de rutas a diferentes direcciones IP representativas de las redes que componen internet. A través de la información capturada, logramos determinar las áreas de servicio de cada uno de los nodos anycast analizados. Utilizando esta información, se realizó un Análisis Geográfico de las áreas de servicio, donde logramos encontrar nodos con un área geográfica mucho más grande que lo esperado. Además de esto, comparamos las distancias geográficas de las redes hasta los distintos nodos que componen la nube anycast, encontrando que las asignaciones generadas por la red no se realizan hacia el nodo más cercano geográficamente en la mayoría de los casos. El Análisis Topológico nos mostró resultados que poseen una alta relación con los vistos en el Análisis Geográfico, donde además realizamos una comparación de las distancias topológicas en términos de latencia, desde las redes hasta los nodos anycast, concluyendo que las asignaciones realizadas no logran seleccionar el servidor con menor latencia en una gran parte de los casos. Por último, la metodología de Posicionamiento de Nueva Infraestructura, nos mostró los efectos de realizar la optimización de diferentes parámetros, cuantificando el efecto de posicionar un nuevo nodo anycast en la red. La verificación realizada utilizando la nube anycast PEERING fue afectada por la gran conectividad de uno de los nodos, por lo que no fue posible verificar la metodología exitosamente. A pesar de esto, las predicciones resultantes de esta metodología pueden ser utilizadas por los operadores de las nubes anycast como una base para seleccionar una posición en la red para realizar la instalación de nueva infraestructura.

Diss. / Résumé en anglais.

abstract: Power management plays a very important role in the current electronics industry. Battery powered and handheld applications require novel power management techniques to extend the battery life. Most systems have multiple voltage regulators to provide power sources to the different circuit blocks and/or sub-systems. Some of these voltage regulators are low dropout regulators (LDOs) which typically require output capacitors in the range of 1's to 10's of µF. The necessity of output capacitors occupies valuable board space and can add additional integrated circuit (IC) pin count. A high IC pin count can restrict LDOs for system-on-chip (SoC) solutions. The presented research gives the user an option with regard to the external capacitor; the output capacitor can range from 0 - 1µF for a stable response. In general, the larger the output capacitor, the better the transient response. Because the output capacitor requirement is such a wide range, the LDO presented here is ideal for any application, whether it be for a SoC solution or stand-alone LDO that desires a filtering capacitor for optimal transient performance. The LDO architecture and compensation scheme provide a stable output response from 1mA to 200mA with output capacitors in the range of 0 - 1µF. A 2.5V, 200mA any-cap LDO was fabricated in a proprietary 1.5µm BiCMOS process, consuming 200µA of ground pin current (at 1mA load) with a dropout voltage of 250mV. Experimental results show that the proposed any-cap LDO exceeds transient performance and output capacitor requirements compared to previously published work. The architecture also has excellent line and load regulation and less sensitive to process variation. Therefore, the presented any-cap LDO is ideal for any application with a maximum supply rail of 5V. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Electrical Engineering 2012

O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a imunidade dos templos de qualquer culto. Por intermédio do exame dos conceitos que compõem a normativa e dos parâmetros objetivos que lhe conferem limites, pretende-se fixar a extensão da prerrogativa assegurada no artigo 150 da Constituição Federal. Delimitado este substrato teórico, o trabalho propõe-se a refletir acerca da interpretação da imunidade religiosa diante do atual contexto fático das religiões brasileiras, buscando expor releituras aptas a fornecer respostas mais satisfatórias ao desvirtuamento da prerrogativa observado na prática. / The aim of this study is to analyse the tax immunity of religious temples. The concepts that compose the normative and the parameters objectives that allow its limits were analysed, in order to fix the extension of the privilege granted by the art. 150 of the Constitution of Federative Republic of Brazil. This theoretical study aims to reflect about the interpretation of religious tax immunity toward the current context of brazilian religions, trying to expose reviews of the current method to grant more satisfactory responses for the distortion of the benefit that is shown in practice

O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a imunidade dos templos de qualquer culto. Por intermédio do exame dos conceitos que compõem a normativa e dos parâmetros objetivos que lhe conferem limites, pretende-se fixar a extensão da prerrogativa assegurada no artigo 150 da Constituição Federal. Delimitado este substrato teórico, o trabalho propõe-se a refletir acerca da interpretação da imunidade religiosa diante do atual contexto fático das religiões brasileiras, buscando expor releituras aptas a fornecer respostas mais satisfatórias ao desvirtuamento da prerrogativa observado na prática. / The aim of this study is to analyse the tax immunity of religious temples. The concepts that compose the normative and the parameters objectives that allow its limits were analysed, in order to fix the extension of the privilege granted by the art. 150 of the Constitution of Federative Republic of Brazil. This theoretical study aims to reflect about the interpretation of religious tax immunity toward the current context of brazilian religions, trying to expose reviews of the current method to grant more satisfactory responses for the distortion of the benefit that is shown in practice

O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a imunidade dos templos de qualquer culto. Por intermédio do exame dos conceitos que compõem a normativa e dos parâmetros objetivos que lhe conferem limites, pretende-se fixar a extensão da prerrogativa assegurada no artigo 150 da Constituição Federal. Delimitado este substrato teórico, o trabalho propõe-se a refletir acerca da interpretação da imunidade religiosa diante do atual contexto fático das religiões brasileiras, buscando expor releituras aptas a fornecer respostas mais satisfatórias ao desvirtuamento da prerrogativa observado na prática. / The aim of this study is to analyse the tax immunity of religious temples. The concepts that compose the normative and the parameters objectives that allow its limits were analysed, in order to fix the extension of the privilege granted by the art. 150 of the Constitution of Federative Republic of Brazil. This theoretical study aims to reflect about the interpretation of religious tax immunity toward the current context of brazilian religions, trying to expose reviews of the current method to grant more satisfactory responses for the distortion of the benefit that is shown in practice

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Julio Soares Noronha.pdf: 1022214 bytes, checksum: 64b289dda452173e817be216fed9b390 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-25 / The study of the main rule for incidence of Tax on Service of Any Nature (ISSQN) is of paramount importance, mainly in light of the criteria set forth by the legislator for the imposed tax competence (or fiscal year). Apart from that, given the interdisciplinary nature of Tax Law with other legal areas, any study involving ISSQN shall also be grounded on the concepts found in Civil Law, allowing for a better comprehension of the constitution features entailing this municipal tax. Taking into consideration such arguments, this dissertation project was developed based on levy of Tax on Service of Any Nature on commercial leasing transactions. For such, preliminarily in a separate analysis, the National Tax System was covered, in addition to the strict nature under the Federal Constitution concerning the treatment given to taxation, the tax fiscal year imposed by the municipalities and the competence conflict between ISSQN and the Tax on Distribution of Goods and Services (ICMS). Still regarding the concepts and definitions employed later in the analysis of the central aspect of this project, a chapter focuses on the analysis of the main rule for incidence of the Tax on Service of Any Nature by covering key matters such as core activity and non-core activity, the concept of a service provider establishment and the service price, concept defined under the scope of the Federal Constitution. Furthermore, special attention was given to the studies of the concepts under the Civil Law, which ground all range of discussions concerning the materiality of ISSQN, to wit: obligation to do and give, including in support to the lessons by some legal experts widely accepted in the Brazilian legal system. After all things in the first two chapters of the dissertation having been considered, the main ideas preliminarily argued about levy of the ISSQN on commercial leasing transactions were addressed, beginning with the analysis of the complex doctrine of this contractual nature. The so-called ISS Leasing was related to the concepts developed in the first chapters, especially concerning core activity and non-core activity, apart from the obligations to do and to give. In addition, other aspects, widely covered under doctrine and court precedents, were also worked on, such as local incidence and assessment base of ISS Leasing, to name a few. It was necessary, thus, to base the consideration in this project on comprehension of the court precedents, especially when it comes to studying ISS Leasing, since it is a matter widely acknowledged in higher courts, and in some aspects, entailing new stands. In this way, it is possible to state that this project intended to develop analysis of incidence of ISSQN on leasing transactions according to the assumptions found in the National Tax System / É de suma importância o estudo da regra matriz de incidência tributária do Imposto sobre Serviços de Qualquer Natureza (ISSQN) à luz, sobretudo, dos critérios estabelecidos pelo legislador constituinte para o exercício da competência tributária impositiva. Outrossim, dada a interdisciplinaridade do Direito Tributário com outros ramos jurídicos, qualquer trabalho que se desenvolva acerca do ISSQN também deverá estar plasmado nos conceitos do Direito Civil, propiciando uma melhor compreensão do arquétipo constitucional do referido tributo municipal. Na esteira dessas premissas, desenvolvemos no curso do presente trabalho de dissertação o estudo da incidência do Imposto sobre Serviços de Qualquer Natureza sobre as operações de arrendamento mercantil. Para tanto, abordamos preambularmente, em apertada síntese, o Sistema Tributário Nacional, enfatizando, ademais, a rigidez empregada pela Lei Maior quando do tratamento da tributação, o exercício da competência tributária impositiva pelos Municípios e o conflito de competência do ISSQN com o ICMS. Ainda na demonstração das ilações e conceitos empregados posteriormente no estudo do aspecto nuclear deste trabalho, dedicamos um capítulo para análise da regra matriz de incidência tributária do Imposto sobre Serviços de Qualquer Natureza, abordando como assuntos nucleares: atividade-meio e atividade-fim, conceito de estabelecimento prestador e preço do serviço, todas essas ilações hauridas do conjunto de pressupostos constitucionais. Ademais, dedicamos atenção especial no estudo dos conceitos oriundos do Direito Civil que sustentem toda a gama de discussões relativas à materialidade do ISSQN, quais sejam: obrigações de dar e fazer, socorrendo-nos, inclusive, aos ensinamentos de alguns juristas de grande envergadura no direito pátrio. Tecidas as considerações que julgamos necessários nos dois capítulos iniciais, empregamos tais ideias preliminares no estudo da incidência do ISSQN nas operações de arrendamento mercantil (leasing), iniciando pela análise doutrinária da complexa natureza jurídica dessa modalidade contratual. Foi feita a relação do chamado ISS leasing com os conceitos trabalhados nos capítulos iniciais, em especial com atividade-meio e atividade-fim, além das obrigações de dar e de fazer, ocupamo-nos também com outros aspectos muito difundidos pela doutrina e jurisprudência a saber: local de incidência e base de cálculo do ISS leasing. Tornou-se necessário, quando do estudo do ISS leasing, nortear nossas considerações à luz do entendimento jurisprudencial, por se tratar de matéria amplamente difundida pelos tribunais superiores, demarcando, em alguns momentos, nosso posicionamento. Dessa maneira, podemos asseverar que buscamos desenvolver o estudo da incidência do ISSQN nas operações de leasing de acordo com as premissas hauridas do Sistema Constitucional Tributário

This study deals with the phenomenon of graves without any bone material combined with an application test of a portable X-Ray fluorescence detector (pXRF) instrument on simulated burial soils to see if we could get any closer understanding of this phenomenon. To test the instruments applicability on these types of conditions, an experiment was conducted with three different soil types. These were placed in separated, specifically pre prepared plastic tubes in groups of three per soil type and then prepared with circa 9 grams of cremated animal bones that was grinded down to a powder. The tubes were then subjected to eater flow equivalent to circa 50 years of rainfall. The tubes were thereafter disassembled and soil samples where gathered and analyzed with a pXRF. The results showed little movement of the bone powder and clear spikes of Ca and P could be seen at the place of disposal of the bone powder and some spreading sideways and down in the tube. The study also search for Mg as an indicator for bone material alongside Ca and P but no clear results could be reached due to excessive variation.   The method of using pXRF in the search for bone material in soils has, as seen in the results of this study, great potential even though more research is needed to reach a better understanding of the methods limitations.

This internship report is an overview of KID smART and the fiduciary responsibility it provides to the citywide arts education initiative Any Given Child - New Orleans (AGCNO). I began my 480-hour internship with KID smART in February 2015 to work on getting AGCNO off the ground. The following report combines on-site observational research, expertise I developed from my educational training, and independent research to provide an analysis of KID smART and AGCNO’s current position, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Additionally, this report provides recommendations on how to address specific issues with operational management in order for AGCNO to establish independence and sustainability.