Cette thèse s’intéresse avant tout aux essais et aux récits poétiques de Pierre Perrault de manière à saisir les dynamiques qui seraient tributaires d’un certain regard rhétorique. Elle cherche ainsi les différents types de traces du cours classique qui se trouvent dans l’une des parties écrites de l’œuvre afin d’interroger ensuite les documentaires. Elle pose comme hypothèse de départ que la posture de rejet qu’il adopte face aux référents classiques n’empêche pas ces derniers d’être reconduits dans son œuvre participant alors à sa propre inventio. Ainsi, même en dénigrant toute érudition, il construit une œuvre écrite qui est soumise aux impératifs de cette étape. Cette apparente contradiction se transforme ainsi en un défi qui semble vouloir déboucher sur une série d’apories au sens platonicien du terme. Ces apories modulent un certain agencement du texte qui mobilise les composantes d’une autre étape du discours : la dispositio. De fait, la posture en elle-même constitue le moteur d’une tension essentielle à l’acte créateur chez Perrault. Sans elle, sans sa compréhension, l’œuvre peut être prisonnière d’une lecture folklorisante à laquelle on a souvent essayé de la réduire. Saisir les mouvements aporétiques de cette œuvre est donc apparu rapidement comme une façon d’en dégager l’originalité et la force et d’en expliquer la réception favorable. Ils forcent l’adoption de ce « regard » qui oblige les lecteurs et les spectateurs à réintégrer certains « classiques » pour mieux saisir les mouvements internes de l’œuvre. / This thesis primarily focuses on the essays and poetic narratives of Pierre Perrault in order to grasp the dynamics influenced by a rhetorical gaze. It seeks to identify the various traces of classical influences within the written aspects of the work, intending to subsequently examine the cinematographic works. The initial hypothesis posits that Perrault's rejecting stance toward classical references does not prevent them from being reintegrated into his work, thus contributing to his own inventio. Therefore, even while disparaging erudition, he constructs a written work subject to the imperatives of this stage. This apparent contradiction transforms into a challenge that seems to lead to a series of aporias in their Platonic sense. These aporias shape a certain structure of the text that engages the components of another stage of discourse: dispositio. Indeed, the posture itself constitutes the driving force of an essential tension in Perrault's creative act. Without it, without its understanding, the work may be confined to a folkloric interpretation, a reduction attempted all too often. Grasping the aporetic movements of this work has quickly emerged to extract its originality and strength and to explain its favorable reception. They compel the adoption of a "perspective" that forces readers and viewers to reintegrate certain "classics" to better comprehend the internal movements of the work.

My thesis examines the nature of contemporary fictional narration and explores its relations to other types of narration - mainly texts where educational or informative function prevails over the aesthetic one. The whole work is divided into four parts. The first part is theoretical; it sets up basic areas of interest and names methods, tools and models that will be tested on selected examples from Slavonic literatures. The second part analyses spatial and temporal relations of fictional narrative. Chapter 2.1 treats time and space in a novel mostly from the compositional point of view (based on the example of Sasha Sokolov's A School for Fools), while in the next chapter, focusing on ideational interconnections between literary and social- political utopias, both fictionality and temporality are understood more broadly than mere narrative categories: they serve as certain points of connection between the immanent occurrence of meaning in the "world of text" and its historical background. The third part continues in this direction, only what we mean by context here is not the collective historical background, but an individual sphere of everyday life. Our focus switches to two genres standing on the boundary of literary fiction and non-fiction - personal correspondence and a travel journal (travelogue). The...