Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-05-30T11:39:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rodrigo Candido Invernizzi - 2017.pdf: 3587342 bytes, checksum: e5155b3e6300c865d7d57f2eed54cdc5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-05-30T15:57:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rodrigo Candido Invernizzi - 2017.pdf: 3587342 bytes, checksum: e5155b3e6300c865d7d57f2eed54cdc5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T15:57:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rodrigo Candido Invernizzi - 2017.pdf: 3587342 bytes, checksum: e5155b3e6300c865d7d57f2eed54cdc5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-30 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / The dissertation in question aims at a look at rock and roll with a focus on the listener and on the possible auditory sensations and brain connections occasioned at the moment when the music reaches the receiver. Based on the theoretical discussion about the possibilities of analyzing a work, based on Imbert (1987), we seek to understand where such a fascination for rock and roll comes from, especially the work Rock around the clock (understood here as the music that inaugurates the rock and roll genre). The work methodology consisted of a bibliographical review aiming to contribute with analyzes about the musical genre studied. In order to do so, we initially used the analytical approaches systematized by Imbert (1987), and then, in a second moment, to focus on the analysis of the reception, by the jakobsonian model, of the cultural industry and the imaginary. Finally, we observed the act of fruition, which involved diving into the field of acoustics and psychoacoustics, based on Schafer (1977). It was verified that: the function, the meanings and the feelings attributed to the music also arise from the biological conditions and not only from the socio-cultural references of the artist. In addition, both the acoustic context and the soundscape play important roles in the construction of musical reception theory. Finally, it is suggested the comprehensiveness of the analyzes about rock and roll and the receiver of this musical genre. / A dissertação em questão visa um olhar sobre o rock and roll com foco no ouvinte e nas possíveis sensações auditivas e conexões cerebrais ocasionados no momento em que a música atinge o receptor. A partir da discussão teórica a respeito das possibilidades de análise de uma obra, baseando em Imbert (1987), buscamos entender de onde vem tamanha fascinação pelo rock and roll, em especial pela obra Rock around the clock (entendida aqui como a música que inaugura o gênero rock and roll). A metodologia do trabalho consistiu em revisão bibliográfica com vistas a contribuir com análises a cerca do gênero musical estudado. Para tanto, inicialmente, foram utilizados as abordagens analíticas sistematizadas por Imbert (1987), para posteriormente, em um segundo momento, concentrar na análise da recepção, pelo modelo jakobsoniano, da indústria cultural e do imaginário. Por fim observou-se o ato de fruição, que implicou em mergulhar no campo da acústica e da psicoacústica tendo como base Schafer (1977). Constatou-se que: a função, os significados e os sentidos atribuídos à música brotam também das condições biológicas e não apenas das referências sócio-culturais do fruidor. Além disso, tanto o contexto acústico quanto a paisagem sonora exercem papeis relevantes na construção da teoria da recepção musical. Por fim, sugere-se a abrangência das análises a cerca do rock and roll e do receptor desse gênero musical.

Les applications des techniques radar au milieu urbain constituent un domaine émergent. Une des difficultés principales est liée à la complexité du milieu de propagation induit par les bâtiments présents dans la scène. En effet, la présence de ces bâtiments génère d’une part des zones d’ombre à l’intérieur desquelles une cible n’est pas en visibilité directe, et d’autre part de nombreux multi-trajets produits par les possibles réflexions et diffractions sur les surfaces environnantes. Ces multi-trajets sont souvent vus comme une gêne, limitant les capacités de détection en radar. Or ils peuvent aussi être exploités à l’avantage du radar afin de détecter et localiser des cibles situées dans les zones d’ombre (cible en NLOS). L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est donc la mise en place de méthodes de traitement du signal permettant la détection et la localisation d’une cible en NLOS en milieu urbain et l’application de ces techniques pour détecter et localiser une cible en NLOS à partir de signaux réels. Pour cela, nous avons proposé dans un premier temps deux solutions pour la détection et la localisation de la cible en exploitant les multi-trajets. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons développé deux filtres particulaires pour pister une cible en milieu urbain en présence de multi-trajets. Ces algorithmes ont été appliqués aux données réelles issues d’une expérimentation et ont montré des résultats prometteurs : même avec une connaissance approximative de la géométrie de la scène, il a été possible de détecter, localiser et suivre une cible en exploitant uniquement l’information fournie par les retards des multi-trajets. / The applications of radar techniques to the urban environment constitute an emerging subject. One of the main difficulties is related to the complexity of the propagation environment induced by the buildings present in the scene. Indeed, the presence of these buildings generates on the one hand shadow areas within which a target is not in line of sight, and on the other hand, many multipaths produced by reflections and diffractions on the surrounding surfaces. Classically, these multipaths are often seen as an inconvenience, limiting radar detection capabilities. However, these multipaths can also be exploited to the advantage of the radar to detect and locate targets located in the shadow areas (target in NLOS). The objective of this thesis work is therefore to develop signal processing methods allowing the detection and localization of a target located in shadow areas in urban environment and to apply these techniques for detecting and locating a target in NLOS from realistic or even real signals. For this, we first proposed two solutions for detection and localization of a target by exploiting multipath information. In a second step, we developed two particle filters to track a target in urban environment in the presence of multipaths. These algorithms have been applied to real data and showed promising results: even with an approximate knowledge of the geometry of the scene, it has been possible to detect, locate and track a target by exploiting only the information on multipath delays.

Gate-all-around (GAA) nanosheet field effect transistors (NSFETs) seem to be one of the most promising replacement options for FinFETs towards scaling down below to the sub-7nm technology nodes. They offer better electrostatics and control of short channel effects (SCEs) due to their superior control over the channel and their large effective channel width. Moreover, one can vertically stack multiple nanosheets to improve the drive strength of the device at a much-relaxed geometry than an aggressively scaled FinFET. However, stacking nanosheets would result in complex device structure, leading to significant process variability. Process variations could arise from irregular sheet thicknesses, random doping fluctuations, strain-induced variability, temperature effects, etc. which would affect the performance of the device. This has put a great emphasis on the need to come up with a properly calibrated process and simulation tools to analyze the performance of the NSFETs by identifying the sources of process variations with utmost precision. For this purpose, a TCAD-based simulation assessment has been done to model the design and performance of GAA NSFETs. The study explores the impacts of the variation in various physical parameters including the number of nanosheets, the sheet thickness, the work-function (WF) of metal gate stack layers, operational temperatures and channel doping on the electrical performance of the NSFETs. Moreover, a detailed fabrication process simulation flow for the design of a 3-sheet GAA NSFET has been presented. The simulation results predict that the process variations primarily have an impact on the device threshold voltage (Vth) which in turn influences the on-off currents, and the sub-threshold swing of the device. A comparative analysis has been done to understand the deviation of these electrical characteristics from their ideal values as a result of these variations. / Gate-all-around (GAA) nanoblads-fälteffekttransistorer (NSFETs) verkar vara ett av de mest lovande ersättningsalternativen för FinFET transistorer för att möjliggöra skalning ner till sub 7nm teknologinoderna. Denna typ av transistorer har bättre elektrostatik och kontroll av kortkanalseffekter (SCE) tack vare sin goda kontroll över kanalen och sin stora effektiva kanalvidd. Man kan dessutom stapla nanoblad vertikalt för att förbättra komponentens strömdrivningsförmåga med en mer relaxerad geometri än för en aggressivt skalad FinFET. Att stapla nanoblad gör komponentens struktur mer komplex vilket leder till betydande processvariabilitet. Processvariationer kan uppstå från oregelbundna tjocklekar för bladen, slumpmässiga dopningsfluktuationer, töjningsinducerad variabilitet, temperatureffekter m.m. Alla dessa variationer kan påverka komponentens prestanda. Det är därför viktigt att etablera korrekt kalibrerade process- och simuleringsverktyg för att analysera prestandan hos nanoblads-transistorerna. För detta ändamål har en TCAD-baserad simuleringsstudie gjorts för att modellera designen och prestandan för GAA nanoblads-transistorer. Studien undersöker effekterna av variationen i olika fysiska parametrar, inklusive antalet nanoblad och bladtjockleken, utträdesarbetet för metallgaten, temperaturen och kanaldopningen på den elektriska prestandan hos nanobladstransistorerna. Dessutom har ett detaljerat processimuleringsflöde för utformningen av 3-blads transistorer presenterats. Simuleringsresultaten visar att processvariationerna i första hand har en inverkan på transistorns tröskelspänning som i sin tur påverkar av- och på- strömmarna och subtröskelegenskaperna. En jämförande analys har gjorts för att förstå avvikelsen mellan dessa elektriska egenskaper från deras idealvärden som ett resultat av dessa variationer.

Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Cooling tower inlet losses and effective flow diameter under no crosswind conditions and the pressure distribution around a circular cylinder subjected to a crosswind are modelled using CFD. The CFD model used to evaluate the inlet losses is validated with data measured in an experimental cooling tower sector model and data obtained from literature. The effect of different inlet geometries on the inlet loss coefficient and the effective diameter are investigated in order to improve cooling tower inlet designs. CFD models are developed to investigate the pressure distribution around infinite and finite circular cylinders. The infinite cylinder is modelled with a smooth surface and a rough surface so that the results can be compared to experimental data from literature. Ultimately a finite cylinder model with a rough surface is developed and the results are compared to experimental data from literature. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Koeltoring inlaatverlies en effektiewe vloei deursnit onder geen teenwind toestande en die drukverdeling rondom ‘n sirkelvormige silinder, onderworpe aan ‘n teenwind, word gemodelleer deur gebruik te maak van “CFD”. Die “CFD” model wat gebruik word om die inlaatverlies te evalueer is gevalideer met data verkry vanaf ‘n eksperimentele koeltoring sektor model. Verder word die “CFD” model gebruik in ‘n ondersoek om te bebaal wat die effek is van verskillende inlaat geometrieë op die inlaat verlies koeffisiënt en die effektiewe diameter sodat die inlaat geometrie van koeltorings verbeter kan word. ‘n “CFD” model word dan ontwikkel om die druk verdeling rondom ‘n sirkelvormige silinder te ondersoek. Die silinder word as oneindig gesimuleer met ‘n glade en ruwe wand sodat die resultate vergelyk kan word met eksperimentele data verkry vanaf literatuur. Die afdeling word afgesluit deur die silinder as eindig met ‘n ruwe wand te simuleer en dan word die resultate vergelyk met eksperimentele data verkry vanaf literatuur.

Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are widely distributed over the world due to their capacity to adjust some local climate parameters, like temperature, relative humidity, cleanliness and distribution of the air until the desired levels verified in a hypothetical ideal climate. A review of buildings’ energy usage in developed countries shows that in the present this energy service is responsible for a portion of about 20% of the final energy usage on them, increasing up to 50% in hot-humid countries. In order to decrease this value, more and more different heat recovery systems have been developed and implemented over the last decades. Nowadays it is mandatory to install one of these units when the design conditions are above the limit values to avoid such components, what is possible to verify mostly in non-residential buildings. Each one of those units has its own performance and working characteristics that turns it more indicated to make part of a certain ventilation system in particular. Air-to-air energy recovery ventilation is based on the heat recovery transfer (latent and/or sensible) from the flow at high temperature to the flow at lower temperature, pre-warming the outdoor supply air (in the case of the winter). Therefore, it is important to understand in which concept those units have to be used and more important than that, how they work, helping to visualize their final effect on the HVAC system. The major aims of this study were to investigate the actual performance of the heat recovery units for LB20 and LB21 in building 99 at the University of Gävle and make some suggestions that could enhance their actual efficiency. Furthermore, the energy transfer rates associated to the heat recovery units were calculated in order to understand the impact of such components in the overall HVAC system as also the possible financial opportunity by making small improvements in the same units. To assess the system, values of temperature and flow (among others) were collected in the air stream and in the ethylene-glycol solution that works as heat transfer medium between air streams and is  enclosed in pipes that make part of the actual run-around heat recovery units. After some calculations, it was obtained that for the coldest day of measurements, the sensible effectiveness was 42% in LB20 and 47% in LB21, changing to 44% and 43% in the warmer day, respectively. The actual heat transfer representing the savings in the supply air stream is higher on the coldest day, with values of 46 kW in LB20 and 84 kW in LB21, justifying the existence of the heat recovery units even if those ones imply the use of hydraulic pumps to ensure the loop. The low values of efficiency have shown that both heat recovery units are working below the desired performance similarly to the pumps that make part of the same units.  This fact, together with the degradation of the units that is possible to observe in the local, indicates that a complete cleaning (followed by a change of the heat transfer medium) of the heat recovery units and a new adjustment of pumps and valves for the further changes, are necessary. By doing this, it is expected to see the year average sensible effectiveness increase to close to 45% in both units which will lead to a potential economic saving of around 41 000 SEK per year.

A presente dissertação investiga a adequação do método da Corrente Crítica para a programação dos projetos de parada de plataformas marítimas de exploração de petróleo, que envolvem processos de tomada de decisões em condições de risco. O método da Corrente Crítica (Critical Chain Project Management - CCPM), baseado na Teoria das Restrições (TOC), se propõe a oferecer instrumentos de controle mais precisos e focados que os tradicionalmente utilizados no método do Caminho Crítico (Critical Path Method - CPM), indicando em que momento agir, onde e como deve ser direcionada a ação. A hipótese subjacente à pesquisa é a de que a Corrente Crítica (CCPM) traduz, de forma mais adequada que o Caminho Crítico (CPM), a incerteza existente na parada de plataforma, permitindo a elaboração de um cronograma a um só tempo mais realista e mais desafiador, no sentido de atender metas de menor interrupção na produção. Com base nessa hipótese, as duas principais perguntas que nortearam toda a investigação foram: 1. O método da Corrente Crítica é adequado à programação da parada de plataformas marítimas de exploração de petróleo? 2. Que vantagens poderia trazer em comparação aos métodos tradicionais de programação de projetos em uso nas paradas de plataformas? Para responder a tais perguntas, além de revisar a bibliografia existente sobre o assunto, optou-se por coletar depoimentos de diversos especialistas do setor, por meio de três abordagens qualitativas: pesquisa-ação, entrevistas semi-estruturadas e grupo focal. A análise e interpretação dos dados revelaram que, devido aos seus instrumentos de controle de restrição de recursos serem mais afinados, o Método da Corrente Crítica (CCPM) é mais adequado ao problema da parada de plataformas marítimas - caracterizado pelo ambiente de alta limitação de recursos e por grande paralelismo de atividades. O presente estudo leva a concluir que a implantação do novo método, por oferecer aos gestores ferramentas mais precisas de controle, resulta em melhores chances de cumprimento do prazo dos projetos. / The present study discusses the adequacy of the Critical Chain Project Management Method (CCPM) - also known as the Critical Chain Method - for scheduling projects involving shutdowns on oil platforms, as such projects involve decision-making processes under risk conditions. The CCPM is based on the Theory of Constraints and aims at providing more precise and more clearly focused control instruments than those traditionally used in the Critical Path Method (CPM). The CCPM also indicates the best moments to act and where and how the action should be directed. The hypothesis underlying the research is that the CCPM portrays, more adequately than the CPM, the uncertainty that exists in a platform shutdown. This characteristic also makes it possible to draw up a schedule that is both more realistic and more challenging, as it addresses the goal of causing less interruption of production. On the basis of this hypothesis, the two main questions that oriented the entire investigation were: 1) Is the CCPM suitable for scheduling the shutdown of an offshore oil platform and, 2) What advantages might it have over the traditional scheduling methods in use on platform shutdown? To answer these questions the authors reviewed the existing bibliography on the topic and made direct on-site observations during an actual shutdown. In addition, interviews were held with a number of specialists in the area using qualitative approaches, namely, semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and action research. The Data analysis revealed that the instruments used in the CCPM for controlling the constraints of resources are more refined, so the method has been proven to be more adequate than others for facing problems that come up in offshore platform shutdowns, which are characterized by strict constraints on resources and considerable parallelism of activities. The results have led to the conclusion that the implementation of the CCPM provides managers with more precise tools for control than the CPM, and may thus increase the chances for complying with the timeframes set down for projects.

Thesis advisor: Eric Dearing / Family educational involvement has been identified as a particularly beneficial practice for the achievement and behavioral outcomes of all students, including ethnic-minority students from families who have low levels of income, education, and English language proficiency. However, despite the associated benefits and education policymakers' emphasis on increasing family-school partnerships, not all families are involved and the explanation for differing involvement patterns has not been fully explored. In general, immigrant families engage in fewer educational involvement activities in comparison to their native-born counterparts. Although they want their children to excel in school, many face socio-cultural barriers to educational involvement. Moreover, most schools are not equipped to meet their non-academic needs. On the other hand, immigrant families tend to have close family and community ties, which have been linked to family and child well-being. As a result, social capital may be an asset of immigrant families that can be leveraged to promote their educational involvement. With a selective focus on immigrant children and families from the Child Development Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (N = 189), this dissertation relied on path analyses to garner empirical support for a theoretically-based model linking social capital with family perceptions and attributions, home- and school-based family educational involvement, and student outcomes (i.e., achievement, behavior problems, positive behavior). Results demonstrated that social support was positively associated with immigrant families' self-efficacy and perceptions of opportunities for involvement. In turn, families with higher levels of self-efficacy engaged in more home-based involvement activities. Children in immigrant families with a role construction around education in alignment with the dominant culture of the U.S. demonstrated better child achievement but worse behavior outcomes than children from immigrant families with a role construction unaligned with dominant U.S. culture. Lastly, in contrast to extant literature, immigrant families' school-based educational involvement was not associated with any family perceptions or attributes or child outcomes. Implications of both significant and null findings are discussed for developmental science, practice, and policy. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2012. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology.

This master thesis focuses on the influences of the new medium of photography on the czech painting around 1900. An important part of such a topic is the role of the photography as a sketch for a painter. Another important question is, how was the impact of the visual form of photography on painting, for instance the use of photographic illusion in painting or the influences of chronophotography and moment photography. An important issue is an essential difference between photography and painting in colour. Photography widely extended the visual experience around 1900, as it enabled to fix the images from the area of science and pseudoscience. The question also is, how these new images influenced the painting. This theses also describes, how painters commented on the new medium and how they perceived the attempt of photography to become a legitime subject of fine art. Key words: painting, photography, fine art around 1900

<p>During the early 1990´s, the Swedish commercial air traffic was de-regulated and the new market-condition made it possible for low-budget airlines to enter the Swedish market. The former monopolistic airline company, Scandinavian Airline Systems (SAS), was facing a new type of competition which had the advantage of offering much cheaper air trips than SAS. Adding the decrease of profitability that struck SAS as well as other airline companies after the terrorist attacks on the 11th of September, forced them to carry out a mayor reorganization programme. The programme, called “Turn Around 2005”, was a direct economical measure that begun in 2002 and lasted until 2005 and resulted in a cost saving of 14,5 billion SEK as well as a notice or a transfer of 6000 employees.</p><p>The purpose of this essay is to investigate if the opinion of the consumer, the image, corresponds with the profile that SAS wishes to mediate today. Our intentions are also to see if the changes during the reorganization have reached the consumers. This essay is a case study based on both a quantitative and a qualitative method. The quantitative study included questionnaires handed out to 143 persons and a former costumer satisfaction study made by “Svenskt Kvalitetsindex”. The qualitative study included deep interviews with employees on SAS. The results of the questionnaires, interviews and theories about image, profile, identity and GAP-analysis, clearly shows that SAS’s profile of being a low- cost airline and being the most price worthy alternative doesn’t correspond with the opinion of the consumers. The result also shows that the consumers have not detected any of the changes, apart from the price reduction, that was made during the reorganization. However SAS have succeeded to be known by the business-passengers as a bit better regarding the ground services and departures, and that part of their image are therefore close to their profile. Our conclusion states that there is an indistinctness regarding SAS profile since the costumers cannot decide if SAS is a low-cost or a traditional airline company.</p>

During the early 1990´s, the Swedish commercial air traffic was de-regulated and the new market-condition made it possible for low-budget airlines to enter the Swedish market. The former monopolistic airline company, Scandinavian Airline Systems (SAS), was facing a new type of competition which had the advantage of offering much cheaper air trips than SAS. Adding the decrease of profitability that struck SAS as well as other airline companies after the terrorist attacks on the 11th of September, forced them to carry out a mayor reorganization programme. The programme, called “Turn Around 2005”, was a direct economical measure that begun in 2002 and lasted until 2005 and resulted in a cost saving of 14,5 billion SEK as well as a notice or a transfer of 6000 employees. The purpose of this essay is to investigate if the opinion of the consumer, the image, corresponds with the profile that SAS wishes to mediate today. Our intentions are also to see if the changes during the reorganization have reached the consumers. This essay is a case study based on both a quantitative and a qualitative method. The quantitative study included questionnaires handed out to 143 persons and a former costumer satisfaction study made by “Svenskt Kvalitetsindex”. The qualitative study included deep interviews with employees on SAS. The results of the questionnaires, interviews and theories about image, profile, identity and GAP-analysis, clearly shows that SAS’s profile of being a low- cost airline and being the most price worthy alternative doesn’t correspond with the opinion of the consumers. The result also shows that the consumers have not detected any of the changes, apart from the price reduction, that was made during the reorganization. However SAS have succeeded to be known by the business-passengers as a bit better regarding the ground services and departures, and that part of their image are therefore close to their profile. Our conclusion states that there is an indistinctness regarding SAS profile since the costumers cannot decide if SAS is a low-cost or a traditional airline company.