Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Art History, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2008. / Vita. Illustrations not reproduced. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 229-255).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador(a): José Leonardo do Nascimento / Banca: Agnus Valente / Banca: Mirian Celeste Ferreira Dias Martins / Resumo: A presente dissertação tem como objetivo específico fazer um estudo da obra do escultor pernambucano Nhô Caboclo, falecido em 1976, que trabalhou principalmente com talha em madeira. Seu objetivo mais amplo, no entanto, é contribuir para que a história da arte brasileira contemple as mais diversas narrativas que caracterizam a produção artística na contemporaneidade, à luz, principalmente, de conceitos como o de hibridação proposto por Nestor García Canclini (2015). A partir desse marco teórico, o trabalho pretende flexibilizar categorias artísticas estanques que prejudicam a compreensão da obra de arte contemporânea, como, por exemplo, as classificações näif, brüt, primitiva, folclórica e mesmo "popular", revisitando estudos anteriores sobre a sua inserção no circuito institucional. A partir disso, serão ainda estabelecidos diálogos com outros escultores pernambucanos que trabalharam ao longo do século XX, a fim de mapear a diversidade da produção e as relações que se estabeleceram no mundo da arte popular brasileira, termo emprestado tanto de Angela Mascelani (2009) quanto do conceito de Howard Becker (1982). Por fim, a partir dessa revisão bibliográfica, se dará o estudo das obras de Nhô Caboclo, aqui divididas em três grandes frentes criativas - a dos equilibristas, a dos torés e a dos barcos e a dos rachos - baseado tanto numa leitura crítica das esculturas encontradas quanto em uma entrevista com seu discípulo José Alves. A pesquisa pretende, em seu curso, debater os... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This master's dissertation aims, at first, at the artwork of the Brazilian sculptor Nhô Caboclo, who used to work with woodcarving until he passed away in 1976. Nevertheless, its broader aim is to contribute to the Brazilian art history and the diversity of narratives that constitutes it contemporaneously, having in mind, mainly, the concept of Hybrid Cultures by Nestor García Canclini (2015). From this theoretical framework, this study intends to flexibilize strict artistic categories that can harm one's comprehension of the contemporary artwork, such as näif, brüt, primitive, folk and even popular, reviewing previous studies about its insertion in the institutional circuit. Furthermore, dialogues with other Pernambuco sculputors that produced during the 20th century will be set in order to map the diversity of the production and the relationships that were built at the Brazilian Popular Art World, expression that can be both related to the concept of Howard Becker (1982) or Angela Mascelani (2009). Lastly, from this bibliografical review, Nhô Caboclo's artwork will be studied, divided here in three big work fronts - the "equilibristas", the "torés" and the "barcos" and "rachos" - based on a critical reading and on an interview with his disciple José Alves. This research aims, finally, to debate the canon established along the art history and, in that sense, value the diversity of our artistic manifestations / Mestre

This thesis seeks to unfold the concept of the ‘degree zero art’ as an artistic and cultural project as manifested in the practices of two very different artists, Milan-based Piero Manzoni (Soncino 1933- Milan 1963) and Rio-born Hélio Oiticica (Rio de Janeiro 1937-1980), during the second half of the twentieth century. Despite the clear contrasts between their works and their very different cultural formations, the thesis focuses on these artists in order to show how their practices align around the challenge to aesthetic categories, stylistic labels and political frameworks employed by much recent critical literature. In order to discuss intellectual and critical structures developed to narrate varieties of North American conceptual practices, this thesis proposes a new interpretative frame: a ‘degree zero aesthetics’, creating a transnational dialogue between the work of Manzoni and Oiticica. Borrowing from the understanding of zero proposed by the German Zero group at the beginning of the sixties, I argue that the idea of zero denotes a fresh start and constructive will; it therefore explains the process of erasing and rebuilding from scratch that has characterised the post-war generation. Alongside the process of construing an aesthetic around the notion of ‘zero’, this thesis aims to deconstruct popular sites of discourse around the tropes of ‘participation’ and ‘politics’, critically readdressing the historiography surrounding these themes. Lastly, this project attempts to discuss the literature on both artists, who have become paradigmatic of certain key movements and moments in Latin American and European art respectively, and in recent elaborations of global art histories.

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My dissertation analyzes the work of the artist group 3Nós3 (the name is a pun in Portuguese meaning "three knots/ we three"), who performed artistic actions in public space that they referred to as "urban interventions" on the streets of São Paulo from 1979 to 1982. These ranged from placing garbage bags over the heads of monumental sculptures to taping Xs across the doorways of art galleries along with signs reading "What is inside remains the same; what is outside expands." Within the context of the military regime that had ruled Brazil since 1964, the urban interventions targeted symbols of authority ranging from public sculpture to the art world establishment. My research focuses on one of the most noteworthy traits of the group's activities: their almost complete absence from the history of Brazilian art. In spite of the recent popularity on the international artistic circuit of contemporary Brazilian art with a performative edge (the artists Hélio Oiticica and Lygia Clark being the best examples of this type of work) the work of 3Nós3 has remained obscure, even within Brazil. The explanations for this lack of attention to 3Nós3 include the transitional political nature of the abertura period during which the interventions took place, the artists' own denial of traditional artistic circuits and involvement in youth subcultures, the ephemeral nature of the interventions themselves, and a lack of understanding of the reasons why the artists chose to work in public space, particularly in regard to the interventions' relationship with their audience. The goal of my dissertation is to argue for the inclusion of the interventions into the history of art without relying on arguments related to their quality, i.e. whether or not they constitute "good art." Rather, it is only through a detailed consideration of the specific cultural and political contexts in which the works occurred that they start to make sense. I conclude by examining the present-day conditions that could make the inclusion of 3Nós3 into larger international artistic movements such as street art and "the interventionists" (including Eduardo Srur and the Grupo Contra Filé, among others) possible. / text

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeilaneAS_TESE.pdf: 1924574 bytes, checksum: 2c1ab57f0803d739d64150ddfcc7062a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The thesis has its largest array in the reorganization of science that is built from the middle of the last century and its horizon reconnection between scientific culture and humanistic culture, and the dialogue between science, art and literature. This epistemological regeneration view of the scientific paradigm incorporates the poetic language and sociological analysis, and brings out a complex, open and transdisciplinary narrative. To undertake this exercise as interlocutors we have thinkers like Nietzsche, L?vi-Strauss, Edgar Morin and Bruno Latour, to name a few, and as a reference for analyzing the entire artistic production of one of the icons of Brazilian music, Clara Nunes. It is problematized up in this work, through the singer s discography, lyrics and fragments of her biography, the construction of a social character that politicized culture, increased the mestizo consciousness of popular imagery, and exceeded the excessively prosaic narratives of the academic and scientific culture. The central argument of the thesis recognizes a Hybrid Subject Clara Nunes, as indeed is what is expected of the politically engaged intellectual in the 21st century / A tese tem como matriz maior a reorganiza??o da ci?ncia que se edifica a partir de meados do s?culo passado e tem como horizonte a religa??o entre cultura cient?fica e cultura human?stica, bem como o di?logo entre ci?ncia, arte e literatura. Essa via de regenera??o epistemol?gica do paradigma cient?fico incorpora a linguagem po?tica ? an?lise sociol?gica e faz emergir uma narrativa complexa, aberta e transdisciplinar. Para empreender esse exerc?cio temos como interlocutores pensadores como Nietzsche, L?vi-Strauss, Edgar Morin e Bruno Latour, para citar alguns, e como refer?ncia de an?lise o conjunto da produ??o art?stica de um dos ?cones da m?sica brasileira, Clara Nunes. Problematiza-se aqui, por meio da discografia, das letras das m?sicas e de fragmentos da biografia da cantora, a constru??o social de um personagem que politizou a cultura, potencializou a consci?ncia mesti?a do imagin?rio popular e ultrapassou as narrativas excessivamente prosaicas da cultura acad?mico-cient?fica. O argumento central da tese reconhece em Clara Nunes um Sujeito H?brido, como de resto ? o que se espera do intelectual politicamente engajado no s?culo 21

This study takes up the phrase ‘the skin of all’ as a means to explore the tension between the singular and the collective, and between union and estrangement. I examine aesthetic, symbolic, and theoretical attempts at unification amidst various forms of difference and the political imperatives and implications attached to this aim. The goal is to analyze how such attempts were related to the development of artistic institutions and discourses as well as to broader sociopolitical conditions within and beyond Brazil’s dictatorship era (1964-1985). This dissertation reflects on the reemergence of the discourse of antropofagia throughout the sixties and seventies in Brazil, a concept first developed in the 1920s as an explicit rejection of the privileged position of European culture and the assertion of a unified Brazilian national identity forged from its colonial histories and the co-presence of indigenous, African, and European identities. I emphasize that antropofagia has functioned as a counterhegemonic proposition reliant on the appropriation of marginal racial positions and their integration into a larger national framework, while still acknowledging the productive potentials that antropofagia’s collapsing of boundaries facilitates. My project challenges simplified narratives of harmonic exchange, embracing contradiction and the tensions of privilege, access, and power. Examining primary sources, contemporaneous writings and present-day scholarship, this project interrogates the mythos, life, and after-life of Pape and Oiticica’s performance and participatory works and analyzes these alongside both artist’s media-based practices. Analyzing the broader aims and implications of Lygia Pape and Hélio Oiticica’s engagement with Black and indigenous cultures, I unpack the ways their works irresolutely engage with race in the Brazilian context and how a primitivistic essentialism has been central to these works and their reception.