This self-study examines the role that children’s out-of school lives play in the “schooled literacy practices” of the Morning Meeting, a daily meeting in the teacher-researcher’s classroom. Morning Meeting in this Grade 2/3 classroom became a contestable “third space” where several professional tensions intersected for the teacher-researcher. The study explores questions of what “counts as literacy,” what role “popular culture” plays in school, and whose voices are privileged or marginalized in schooled literacy discussions. Data was collected over a 3-week period in the form of immediate and more distanced teacher reflections. A Bourdieusian theoretical framework, critical sociocultural literacy theory, third space theory, and artifactual critical literacy, offered the teacher-researcher lenses through which to analyze the meanings found in the everyday stories and artifacts young children share in the schooled literacy practice of Morning Meeting. The findings of this study inform and create new thinking about the entanglements of children’s out-of-school everyday culture with schooled literacy practices.

The first chapter reports experiments with payoff-equivalent public good and common pool games. Behavior of high-caste and low-caste Indian villagers is compared with behavior of American students in terms of economic surplus foregone or destroyed by failure of cooperation in the public good and common pool games. When information about caste is withheld no significant difference is observed in the efficiency of play between villagers and student subjects at American universities for both the public good game and the payoff-equivalent common pool game. Providing caste information leads to: (i) the lowest level of efficiency when low-caste first movers interact with a low-caste second mover, and (ii) the highest levels of efficiency when high-caste first movers engage with a high-caste second mover. Cross-caste play generates intermediate levels of efficiency. In my second chapter I examine competition and cooperation across genders and castes in India and compare the data with incentivized laboratory experiments across genders and races in the US. High-caste males (India) and White males (U.S.) choose to compete the most and are universally cooperative. In India females compete more and cooperate less when they are paired with other females but not with males. The level of cooperation among the females of either race (US) is lower than that of the White males but is insignificantly different from the level of cooperation among the African American males. In my third chapter I conducted artifactual field experiments in rural India with variations of dictator and ultimatum games. Eight treatments are played: in four we provide information that the other player is the spouse and in the remaining four variations spouse information is not provided. When subjects are unaware of playing with their spouses, they choose to keep the dictator role for themselves or not empower the other player. Male spouses make higher offers in general relative to female spouses. The divisions in these games (no spouse information) are far less equitable than in dictator games with student subjects. We find more concern for procedural fairness when subjects know they are playing with their spouses than when they do not have this information.

Este trabalho aborda o estudo dos significados históricos e culturais da variabilidade artefatual no Alto rio Madeira, estado de Rondônia, sudoeste Amazônico, através da análise da cerâmica e dos contextos evidenciados em quatorze sítios arqueológicos localizados entre a cachoeira de Santo Antônio, nas proximidades da cidade de Porto Velho, até a foz do rio Jaciparaná, próxima a cachoeira Caldeirão do Inferno. A caracterização das escolhas adotadas por ceramistas em todas as etapas de confecção dos artefatos cerâmicos, bem como em relação aos seus usos e descarte, permitiu identificar as ocupações em cada sítio, ao passo que a análise comparativa possibilitou diferenciar cinco conjuntos tecnológicos que representam, por um lado, diferentes identidades sociais e culturais e, por outro, a diversidade cultural existente na região em termos temporais, espaciais e tecnológicos. O diálogo com outros contextos da Amazônia e com os modelos para a ocupação da região, elaborados com dados da arqueologia, linguística histórica e história indígena, é salutar na construção de cenários da história cultural da região. / This work approaches the study of historical and cultural significance of artfactual variability in the Upper Madeira river, Rondonia state, southwestern Amazon, through the analysis of ceramics and contexts highlighted in fourteen archaeological sites located between the Santo Antonio\"s falls, near Porto Velho city, to the mouth of Jaciparaná river, next to Caldeirão do Inferno waterfall. The characterization of the choices adopted by potters in all stages of manufacture of ceramic artifacts as well as in relation to their use and disposal, identified the occupations at each site, while the comparative analysis allowed differentiating five sets of technologies that represent, for first, social and cultural identities and, secondly, the cultural diversity of the region in temporal, spatial and technological terms. Dialogue with other contexts of Amazon and models for the occupation of the region, made with data from archeology, historical linguistics and indigenous history, is beneficial in building scenarios of cultural history of the region.

Este trabalho aborda o estudo dos significados históricos e culturais da variabilidade artefatual no Alto rio Madeira, estado de Rondônia, sudoeste Amazônico, através da análise da cerâmica e dos contextos evidenciados em quatorze sítios arqueológicos localizados entre a cachoeira de Santo Antônio, nas proximidades da cidade de Porto Velho, até a foz do rio Jaciparaná, próxima a cachoeira Caldeirão do Inferno. A caracterização das escolhas adotadas por ceramistas em todas as etapas de confecção dos artefatos cerâmicos, bem como em relação aos seus usos e descarte, permitiu identificar as ocupações em cada sítio, ao passo que a análise comparativa possibilitou diferenciar cinco conjuntos tecnológicos que representam, por um lado, diferentes identidades sociais e culturais e, por outro, a diversidade cultural existente na região em termos temporais, espaciais e tecnológicos. O diálogo com outros contextos da Amazônia e com os modelos para a ocupação da região, elaborados com dados da arqueologia, linguística histórica e história indígena, é salutar na construção de cenários da história cultural da região. / This work approaches the study of historical and cultural significance of artfactual variability in the Upper Madeira river, Rondonia state, southwestern Amazon, through the analysis of ceramics and contexts highlighted in fourteen archaeological sites located between the Santo Antonio\"s falls, near Porto Velho city, to the mouth of Jaciparaná river, next to Caldeirão do Inferno waterfall. The characterization of the choices adopted by potters in all stages of manufacture of ceramic artifacts as well as in relation to their use and disposal, identified the occupations at each site, while the comparative analysis allowed differentiating five sets of technologies that represent, for first, social and cultural identities and, secondly, the cultural diversity of the region in temporal, spatial and technological terms. Dialogue with other contexts of Amazon and models for the occupation of the region, made with data from archeology, historical linguistics and indigenous history, is beneficial in building scenarios of cultural history of the region.

Nessa dissertação empreendemos um estudo sistemático de contextos arqueológicos associados à tradição Tupiguarani no nordeste do estado de São Paulo, mais precisamente no médio e alto vale do rio Mogi Guaçu. A ênfase no estudo da variabilidade artefatual dos conjuntos selecionados revelou processos culturais e sociais que possibilitam a construção de um primeiro quadro interpretativo sobre essas ocupações. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio da síntese das informações disponíveis para a região, da realização de prospecções e intervenções nos sítios arqueológicos abordados e da análise do material cerâmico - onde foi aplicado o conceito de Estilo Tecnológico. Nesse sentido, os conjuntos artefatuais abordados advêm tanto de pesquisas sistemáticas quanto de coleções particulares e museus locais, possibilitando uma abordagem ampla da ocupação Tupi nessa porção do estado. Os dados obtidos foram interpretados à luz dos processos de formação do registro arqueológico, uma vez que esses processos dão conta da explanação da variabilidade artefatual identificada. Por fim, a pesquisa discute os resultados relacionando-os às informações disponíveis acerca da presença Tupi no estado de São Paulo / This dissertation presents a systematic study of archaeological contexts related to the Tupiguarani tradition in the middle and upper Mogi Guaçu river valley, northeastern region of the São Paulo State. The artifactual variability of the studied assemblages indicated cultural and social processes leading to the construction of an initial interpretative scheme about these ceramic groups. In terms of methodology, this research included the review of available information about this region, the development of archaeological surveys and excavations in archaeological sites, and the study of the pottery, based on the concept of technological style. Thus, the analysis of a diversity of pottery assemblages, recovered in systematic archaeological research and present in archaeological collections from museums and private owners, allowed a wide characterization of Tupi occupation on this region of São Paulo state. Data interpretation took into account the formation processes of the archaeological record, since these processes explain the identified artifactual variability. Finally, the dissertation discusses the results of the analysis, relating them to the available information on the Tupi presence in the São Paulo state

Nessa dissertação empreendemos um estudo sistemático de contextos arqueológicos associados à tradição Tupiguarani no nordeste do estado de São Paulo, mais precisamente no médio e alto vale do rio Mogi Guaçu. A ênfase no estudo da variabilidade artefatual dos conjuntos selecionados revelou processos culturais e sociais que possibilitam a construção de um primeiro quadro interpretativo sobre essas ocupações. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio da síntese das informações disponíveis para a região, da realização de prospecções e intervenções nos sítios arqueológicos abordados e da análise do material cerâmico - onde foi aplicado o conceito de Estilo Tecnológico. Nesse sentido, os conjuntos artefatuais abordados advêm tanto de pesquisas sistemáticas quanto de coleções particulares e museus locais, possibilitando uma abordagem ampla da ocupação Tupi nessa porção do estado. Os dados obtidos foram interpretados à luz dos processos de formação do registro arqueológico, uma vez que esses processos dão conta da explanação da variabilidade artefatual identificada. Por fim, a pesquisa discute os resultados relacionando-os às informações disponíveis acerca da presença Tupi no estado de São Paulo / This dissertation presents a systematic study of archaeological contexts related to the Tupiguarani tradition in the middle and upper Mogi Guaçu river valley, northeastern region of the São Paulo State. The artifactual variability of the studied assemblages indicated cultural and social processes leading to the construction of an initial interpretative scheme about these ceramic groups. In terms of methodology, this research included the review of available information about this region, the development of archaeological surveys and excavations in archaeological sites, and the study of the pottery, based on the concept of technological style. Thus, the analysis of a diversity of pottery assemblages, recovered in systematic archaeological research and present in archaeological collections from museums and private owners, allowed a wide characterization of Tupi occupation on this region of São Paulo state. Data interpretation took into account the formation processes of the archaeological record, since these processes explain the identified artifactual variability. Finally, the dissertation discusses the results of the analysis, relating them to the available information on the Tupi presence in the São Paulo state

L'intentionalité est la faculté qu'a l'esprit humain de se diriger vers des objets de toutes sortes. On la capture linguistiquement à travers l'usage de verbes comme "savoir", "croire", "craindre", "espérer". Les énoncés intentionnels comme "Jean croit que Nosferatu est un vampire" ou "Oedipe aime Jocaste" défient les lois de la logique classique, remettant en cause la validité de principes logiques tels que la généralisation existentielle ou encore la substitution des identiques. Je propose dans ma thèse une analyse fondée sur les logiques intentionnelles explicites, des logiques où le langage est enrichi au moyen d'opérateurs qui expriment explicitement l'intentionalité. Des aspects originaux de la signification des énoncés intentionnels sont saisis au coeur des pratiques argumentatives, dans le contexte de la logique dialogique notamment. S'intéressant plus spécifiquement au cas de la fictionalité, paradigme où se mêlent naturellement considérations logiques, linguistiques et métaphysiques, je défends une théorie artefactuelle dans laquelle on définit des critères d'existence et d'identité pour les identités fictionnelles littéraires au moyen de la notion de relation de dépendance ontologique. La notion de dépendance ontologique est toutefois sujette à de graves difficultés que l'on repasse ici dans le contexte d'une sémantique modale-Temporelle, défendant alors une approche novatrice de la dimension artefactuelle des fictions. In fine, on propose une combinaison de la théorie artefactuelle à une sémantique pour l'opérateur de fictionalité qui permet l'articulation entre différents points de vue sur la fiction, les points de vue interne et externe notamment. / Intentionality is that faculty of human mind whereby it is directed towards objects of all kinds. It is recorded linguistically in verbs such as "to know", "to believe", "to fear", "to hope". Intentional statements such as "John thinks that Nosferatu is a vampire" or "Oedipus loves Jocasta" challenge classical logical laws such as existential generalization or substitution of identical. I propose here an analysis grounded on explicit intentional logics, i. e. logics in which languages are enriched by means of specific operators expressing intentionality. Some original aspects of the meanings of intentional statements are grasped within argumentative practices, more specifically in the context of dialogical logic. I focus more specifically on fictionality, a paradigm in which logical, linguistic and metaphysical considerations are naturally embedded. I defend an artifactual theory in which existence and identity criteria for fictional entities are defined by means of the notion of ontological dependence relation. That notion faces several difficulties overcome here in a modal-Temporal semantics in which an innovating approach to the artifactual diemnsion of fiction is defended. Ultimately, a combination of that theory to a semantic for the fictionality operator is suggested. This enable us to articulate external and internal viewpoints on fictionality.