Zugl.: Berlin, Humboldt-Universiẗat, Habil.-Schr., 2005.

Thesis--Zürich. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2006--Darmstadt.

No description available.

Hard X-ray spectra of accreting black holes in active galactic nuclei and X- ray binaries are characterized by a power-law shape with an exponential cut-off energy at several tens up to few hundreds of keV. The value of the cut-off energy is related to the temperature of a hot corona that reprocesses and inversely Comptonizes thermal emission from the accretion disc. The exact geometry of the corona is still unknown. Several observations suggest it to be very compact and in a close proximity to the black hole. This implies strong relativistic effects such as gravitational redshift, Doppler shift, light bending and beaming to shape the resulting spectra. However, the relativistic effects on primary X-ray emission are often neglected in the data spectral fitting. In this work, we investigate how large uncertainty is introduced by neglecting these relativistic effects. To this purpose, we performed simulations of X-ray spectra for different coronal geometries, and compared the intrinsic and observed values of the cutoff energy. We re-analyzed NuSTAR observations of an active galactic nucleus 1H0419-577 and X-ray binary GRS 1915+105. We found that the extremely low coronal temperatures observed in these sources may be explained by the gravitational redshift due to the proximity of the compact corona to the black hole....

The brightness and proximity of many classical Be stars makes them perfect laboratories for studying the physics of astrophysical disks. They are also among the most popular targets for optical/IR interferometers, which are able to fully resolve their circumstellar disks, to which much of the recent progress in our understanding of these enigmatic objects is owed. The current consensus is that classical Be stars eject material from the stellar surface into Keplerian orbits, thus forming a disk, whose subsequent evolution is governed by turbulent viscosity, which is the basis of the so-called viscous decretion disk (VDD) model. Among the main results of the present work is arguably the best-constrained model of a particular Be star β CMi. The VDD predictions were confronted also with radio observations, which allowed for the first determination of the physical extent of a Be disk. This result subsequently led to the detection of a binary companion, which is truncating the disk by tidal forces. Extending the sample to include five more targets led to revealing a similar outer disk structure in all of them. The range of explanations includes the most plausible scenario, in which the truncation of Be disks by (unseen) companions is much more common than previously thought.

Thema der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Identifikation, Differenzierung und Bewertung von vorhandenen Schwermetallreservoirs im Hangbereich historischer Erzbergbaugebiete im Nordpfälzer Bergland und dem Spessart. Dazu wurden auf Grundlage von 115 Bodenprofilen entlang von 14 Hangsequenzen die holozäne Umweltgeschichte, die Verbreitung und Struktur sowie ausgewählte ökologische Eigenschaften der quartären Hangsedimente erstmalig integrativ analysiert. Besondere Beachtung fanden hierbei die Schwermetallgehalte der quartären Hangsedimente und ihr immanentes Gefährdungspotential, das für die Untersuchungsgebiete zum ersten mal auf Grundlage der aktuellen rechtlichen Grundlagen bestimmt wurde. Die Auflösung einer hochauflösenden Boden- und Sedimentaufnahme mit exemplarischer Beprobung ermöglichte die Analyse vieler Details, Merkmale und Eigenschaften der Sedimente und Bodenbildungen dieser (stark) gestörten Standorte im Mittelgebirgsbereich.

Main issues of this work are to describe the surrounding of Štefánik observatory and to extend knowledge about its wide history, specially the recent one. Cornerstones of this knowledge have become from interviews with the employees, who worked on Štefánik observatory during the normalization, possibly earlier; and some of them are still work there. The leading of the interviews was made by method of oral history. The work is based also on available bibliography, which concerns mostly to methodology; newspaper articles which relate to observatory history or important events. The text is primarily focused on interviews experiences and feelings and besides the work presents their testimony. In the text are worked up some topics, which concern to professional activity, relationships, perceptions of ages 1968 and 1989, and finally the projection the movies about Apollo programme. The goal of this work is not come to clear conclusions but to reflect experiences of interviewees into historical context, alternatively take a look into working life of Štefánik observatory employees. Keywords: Štefánik observatory, guide, astronomy, normalization, oral history, interview

No description available.

Das Kristallsystem SrxBa1-xNb2O6 wurde über den gesamten Bereich, in dem die tetragonale Phase existiert, gezüchtet und untersucht. Es wurden die Gitterkonstanten, die Dichte, die Brechungsindizes und die Phasenübergangstemperatur bestimmt. Das Phasendiagramm des Kristallsystems wurde neu bestimmt.