abstract: Scholars and practitioners increasingly recognize that coworker friendships are integral to both individual- and organizational-level outcomes. At the same time, though, the rapid increase in virtual work has taken a principal source of adult friendships – workplaces – and drastically changed the way that individuals interact within them. No longer are proximity and extra-organizational socializing, two of the strongest predictors of coworker friendships in a co-located workplace, easily accessible. How, then, do employees become friends with each other when interacting mostly online? Once these virtual coworker friendships are forged, individuals must balance the often-conflicting norms of the friendship relationship with the coworker relationship. How, if at all, are these tensions experienced and managed when co-worker friendships are virtual? My dissertation seeks to answer these questions through a longitudinal, grounded theory study of virtual coworker friendship in a global IT firm. The emerging theory articulates the “barrier of virtuality” that challenges virtual coworker friendship formation, necessitating that individuals employ two sets of activities and one set of competencies to form friendships with one another: presence bridgers, relational informalizers, and relational digital fluency. The data also suggest that the coworker friendship tension process itself is largely similar to the previously articulated process in co-located contexts. However, the virtual context changed the frequency, types of shocks that elicited the tensions, and management of these tensions. My findings have numerous implications for the literatures on relationships at work, virtual work, and organizational tensions. They also suggest significant ways in which individuals and organizations can more effectively foster virtual coworker friendships while minimizing the potential harm of virtual coworker friendship tensions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2017

Objetivo: Implantar ações de educação em saúde no Instituto Federal Farroupilha campus Alegrete (IFFAR/CA), integradas ao Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE), padronizando atividades, qualificando a assistência ao estudante e estimulando a prática dos temas transversais em saúde. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi realizada no IFFAR/CA com a participação de 80 estudantes do primeiro ano do curso médio integrado Técnico em Agropecuária e 31 docentes, em duas etapas, com abordagens quantitativa e quanti/qualitativa. A coleta de dados na primeira etapa (Componente I) foi através de análise documental do Prontuário Clínico Multiprofissional do seu setor de saúde, num estudo analítico descritivo transversal com abordagem quantitativa, e na segunda etapa (Componente II) a coleta de dados foi por intermédio de questionário on line semiestruturado autoaplicado nos docentes, num estudo exploratório descritivo com enfoque quanti-qualitativo. A interpretação dos dados do componente I foi através do software Excel® do Microsoft Office®, utilizando valores absolutos e relativos e medidas de frequência central, média e desvio padrão, para as variáveis pressão arterial, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), avaliação odontológica e avaliação psicológica. No componente II, os dados quantitativos foram processados por escalas de Likert, avaliados pela distribuição de frequências em cada resposta, enquanto os qualitativos foram interpretados pela análise temática de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados:Os resultados no Componente I mostraram idade média dos estudantes de 15,3 anos, 56,25% (n=45) do gênero masculino,53,75% (n=43) moradores no alojamento do campus e 36,25% (n= 29)oriundos da cidade de Alegrete/RS. Quanto ao IMC, foi encontrada prevalência de 18,75% de sobrepeso e 6,25% de obesidade, maior no gênero feminino (20% e 11,4%) comparado ao masculino (17,8% e 2,2%). Foi diagnosticada uma estudante hipertensa (1,25%), e teve-se 7,5% de pré-hipertensos (somados os gêneros). Dos 68 estudantes que realizaram avaliação odontológica, 13% não necessitaram intervenção, 50% realizaram limpeza e 36,8%, restauração. 16,2% (n=11) dos estudantes foram encaminhados para avaliação odontológica externa, a maioria do gênero feminino (tratamento ortodôntico). Dos 43,75% (n=35) dos estudantes avaliados pelo setor de psicologia, 20%(n=16)era por queixas de pais ou professores de falta de interesse ou problemas de rendimento em sala de aula e 17,5%(n=14) procuraram espontaneamente.No componente II, 28,2% (n=31) dos docentes respondeu ao questionário; destes, 54,8% (n=17)do gênero feminino e 54,8% (n=17)na faixa etária entre30 a 39 anos. 54,8% formados há pelo menos 07 anos, 54,9% tem mestrado e 25,8%, doutorado. Os dados qualitativos mostraram que estes têm interesse em trabalhar temas de saúde com auxílio dos profissionais da área na instituição, de forma inovadora e continuada, interdisciplinar e multi/interprofissional, e os temas sugeridos por eles espelham os propostos pelo Programa Saúde na Escola.Considerações Finais: Verificou-se que as ações do PSE poderiam ser padrão institucional de atividades do setor de saúde, configurando-se como oportunidade de atender o princípio da integralidade, articulando o trabalho de profissionais de saúde e educação, desenvolvendo ações mais focadas na promoção da saúde e permitindo ampliar o cuidado ao adolescente, potencializando as singularidades e o desempenho escolar. / Objective: To implement education in health actions in the Federal Institute Farroupilha Alegrete campus (IFFAR / CA), integrated to the Health in School Program (PSE), standardizing activities, qualifying student assistance and stimulating the practice of themes Cross-sectional studies on health. Methodology: The research was carried out at IFFAR / CA and counted with80 students of the first year of the integrated technical course in Agriculture and 31 teachers, into two stages, with quantitative and quantitative / qualitative approaches. Data collection in the first stage (Component I) was performed through documentary analysis of the Multiprofessional Clinical Record of the institution's health sector, in a descriptive cross-sectional analytical study with a quantitative approach, and in the second stage (Component II) data collection was carried out through a semi structured online selfadministered questionnaire in the teachers, in a descriptive exploratory study with quantitative-qualitative approaches. The interpretation of the data of Component I was performed using Excel® software of Microsoft Office®, using absolute and relative values and measures of central frequency, mean and standard deviation, for the variables blood pressure, Body Mass Index (BMI) , dental evaluation and psychological evaluation. In Component II, quantitative data were processed using Likert scales, evaluated by the frequency distribution in each of the responses, while the qualitative data were interpreted by the thematic content analysis of Bardin. Results: Component I showed that the mean age of the students is 15.3 years, 56.25% (n = 45) are males, 53.75% (n = 43) of them are Campus and 36.25% (n = 29) come from the city of Alegrete / RS. In BMI, a prevalence of 18.75% of overweight and 6.25% of obesity was found, higher in females (20% and 11.4%) than males (17.8% and 2.2%). One hypertensive student (1.25%) was diagnosed, and students of both genders had 7.5% of pre-hypertensive individuals. Of the 68 students who underwent dental evaluation, 13% did not require intervention, 50% performed cleaning and 36.8%, restoration. 16.2% (n = 11) of the students were referred for external dental evaluation, most of them female (orthodontic treatment). 43.75% (n = 35) of the students were evaluated by the psychology sector, 20% (n = 16) for complaints of parents or teachers lacking interest or problems in classroom performance and 17.5% = 14) spontaneously sought. In Component II, 28.2% (n = 31) of the teachers answered the questionnaire; of these, 54.8% (n = 17) are female and 54.8% (n = 17) are in the age group between 30 and 39 years. 54.8% have been formed for at least 7 years, 54.9% have a master's degree and 25.8% have a PhD. Qualitative data showed that teachers have an interest in working on health topics, with the help of professionals in the area in the institution, in an innovative and continuous, interdisciplinary and multiprofessional way, and the themes suggested by them reflect those proposed by the Health in School Program. Final Considerations: It was verified that the actions of the PSE could be the institutional standard of activities of the health sector, being configured as an opportunity to meet the principle of integrality, articulating the work of health professionals and education, developing more focused actions in health promotion and allowing the expansion of adolescent care, enhancing singularities and school performance.

O grande número de publicações na área de finanças atualmente utilizando a modelagem de cópulas pode ser explicada pela capacidade de esta técnica estatística conseguir lidar com a evidência de não normalidade das séries de retornos de ativos financeiros. A não normalidade é evidenciada através do “sorriso de volatilidade” presente em séries de opções de ações perto do vencimento; existência de “caudas pesadas” em carteiras de instituições e consequentemente no gerenciamento de risco das Instituições. Particularmente com relação ao Value at Risk (VaR), que é uma técnica estatística que tem por objetivo calcular a perda máxima de uma carteira em dado horizonte de tempo considerando um nível de significância adotado, a existência de caudas pesadas nas séries gera um problema para a determinação da distribuição de probabilidade conjunta, implicando em grande dificuldade na mensuração do grau de exposição aos fatores de risco. Esse fato acaba por dificultar o correto e efetivo gerenciamento de risco de uma carteira, pois em tese, devido à existência de não normalidade, não é possível separar os efeitos de ativos de diferentes características. Em casos de crises e bolhas, o portfólio pode ser mais arriscado que o desejado ou excessivamente conversador. Neste sentido, a utilização de Cópulas torna-se atrativa, pois com esta técnica é possível separar as distribuições marginais de cada ativo da estrutura de dependência das variáveis. O objetivo do trabalho é propor uma modelagem de risco a partir do uso de Cópulas para o cálculo do Value at Risk (VaR), utilizando os métodos de volatilidade GARCH (1,1), EWMA e HAR. A aplicação empírica do modelo foi efetuada a partir de uma amostra de uma série de retornos de uma carteira teórica composta por ativos de renda variável (ações preferenciais) das empresas Petrobras, Vale, Usiminas e Gerdau. A amostra utilizada corresponde aos preços diários entre o período de 03 de março de 2006 até 30 de abril de 2010, representando 1.026 observações diárias. Os resultados apurados para a amostra demonstraram que as cópulas tendem a gerar um Value at Risk (VaR) significativo para a maioria das famílias de Cópulas, quando testado pelo Teste de Kupiec (1995). / The large number of publications in finance using currently copulas can be explained by the ability of this technique to deal with statistical evidence of non-normality of the return series of financial assets. The non-normality is evidenced by the "volatility smile" in the series of stock options near expiration, the existence of "heavy tails" in portfolios of institutions and consequently the risk management of the institutions. Especially regarding the Value at Risk (VaR), which is a statistical technique that aims to calculate the maximum loss a portfolio at a given time horizon considering a significance level, the existence of heavy tails in the series creates a problem for determining the joint probability distribution, resulting in great difficulty in measuring the degree of exposure to risk factors. This fact makes difficult the correct and effective risk management of a portfolio, because in theory, due to the existence of non-normality, it is not possible to separate the effects of assets with different characteristics. In cases of crises and bubbles, the portfolio may be riskier than desired or overly chatty. In this regard, the use of copulas becomes attractive, because with this technique is possible to separate the marginal distributions of each dependence structure of the variables. The objective is to propose a model of risk using copulas for the calculation of Value at Risk (VaR), using the methods of volatility GARCH (1,1), EWMA and HAR. The empirical application of the model was made from a sample of a series of returns of a theoretical portfolio of assets in equities (shares) of Petrobras, Vale, Usiminas and Gerdau. The sample corresponds to the daily prices in the period between March 3rd, 2006 until April 30th, 2010, representing 1026 daily observations. The results obtained showed that copulas tend to generate a Value at Risk (VaR) for the most significant families of copulas, when tested by the Test of Kupiec (1995).

O grande número de publicações na área de finanças atualmente utilizando a modelagem de cópulas pode ser explicada pela capacidade de esta técnica estatística conseguir lidar com a evidência de não normalidade das séries de retornos de ativos financeiros. A não normalidade é evidenciada através do “sorriso de volatilidade” presente em séries de opções de ações perto do vencimento; existência de “caudas pesadas” em carteiras de instituições e consequentemente no gerenciamento de risco das Instituições. Particularmente com relação ao Value at Risk (VaR), que é uma técnica estatística que tem por objetivo calcular a perda máxima de uma carteira em dado horizonte de tempo considerando um nível de significância adotado, a existência de caudas pesadas nas séries gera um problema para a determinação da distribuição de probabilidade conjunta, implicando em grande dificuldade na mensuração do grau de exposição aos fatores de risco. Esse fato acaba por dificultar o correto e efetivo gerenciamento de risco de uma carteira, pois em tese, devido à existência de não normalidade, não é possível separar os efeitos de ativos de diferentes características. Em casos de crises e bolhas, o portfólio pode ser mais arriscado que o desejado ou excessivamente conversador. Neste sentido, a utilização de Cópulas torna-se atrativa, pois com esta técnica é possível separar as distribuições marginais de cada ativo da estrutura de dependência das variáveis. O objetivo do trabalho é propor uma modelagem de risco a partir do uso de Cópulas para o cálculo do Value at Risk (VaR), utilizando os métodos de volatilidade GARCH (1,1), EWMA e HAR. A aplicação empírica do modelo foi efetuada a partir de uma amostra de uma série de retornos de uma carteira teórica composta por ativos de renda variável (ações preferenciais) das empresas Petrobras, Vale, Usiminas e Gerdau. A amostra utilizada corresponde aos preços diários entre o período de 03 de março de 2006 até 30 de abril de 2010, representando 1.026 observações diárias. Os resultados apurados para a amostra demonstraram que as cópulas tendem a gerar um Value at Risk (VaR) significativo para a maioria das famílias de Cópulas, quando testado pelo Teste de Kupiec (1995). / The large number of publications in finance using currently copulas can be explained by the ability of this technique to deal with statistical evidence of non-normality of the return series of financial assets. The non-normality is evidenced by the "volatility smile" in the series of stock options near expiration, the existence of "heavy tails" in portfolios of institutions and consequently the risk management of the institutions. Especially regarding the Value at Risk (VaR), which is a statistical technique that aims to calculate the maximum loss a portfolio at a given time horizon considering a significance level, the existence of heavy tails in the series creates a problem for determining the joint probability distribution, resulting in great difficulty in measuring the degree of exposure to risk factors. This fact makes difficult the correct and effective risk management of a portfolio, because in theory, due to the existence of non-normality, it is not possible to separate the effects of assets with different characteristics. In cases of crises and bubbles, the portfolio may be riskier than desired or overly chatty. In this regard, the use of copulas becomes attractive, because with this technique is possible to separate the marginal distributions of each dependence structure of the variables. The objective is to propose a model of risk using copulas for the calculation of Value at Risk (VaR), using the methods of volatility GARCH (1,1), EWMA and HAR. The empirical application of the model was made from a sample of a series of returns of a theoretical portfolio of assets in equities (shares) of Petrobras, Vale, Usiminas and Gerdau. The sample corresponds to the daily prices in the period between March 3rd, 2006 until April 30th, 2010, representing 1026 daily observations. The results obtained showed that copulas tend to generate a Value at Risk (VaR) for the most significant families of copulas, when tested by the Test of Kupiec (1995).

nÃo hà / Este trabalho utiliza a fronteira eficiente desenvolvida no Ãmbito da Teoria Moderna de Carteiras, objetivando atender as peculiaridades do setor e promover uma maior aproximaÃÃo com as prÃticas atuais de finanÃas. Neste sentido, o destaque fica por conta da inclusÃo do conceito de value-at-risk â VaR como instrumento de anÃlise. A verificaÃÃo da eficÃcia do modelo serà realizada tanto de forma qualitativa, atravÃs da discussÃo sobre a carteira eficiente tradicional e a carteira eficiente modificada, quanto no aspecto quantitativo, atravÃs da aplicaÃÃo prÃtica do modelo na Caixa de PrevidÃncia dos FuncionÃrios do Banco do Nordeste do Brasil - CAPEF, Entidade Fechada de PrevidÃncia Complementar patrocinada pelo Banco do Nordeste, pela Caixa de AssistÃncia MÃdica dos FuncionÃrios do Banco do Nordeste e pela prÃpria CAPEF. Tal aplicaÃÃo prÃtica permitirà mostrar a viabilidade da pesquisa dentro da Ãrea de investimentos dos Fundos de PensÃo / This work uses the efficient border developed in the scope of the Modern Wallet Theory, objectifying to take care of the peculiarities of the practical sector and to promote a bigger approach with the current ones of finances. In this direction, the prominence is on account of the inclusion of the concept of value-at-risk - VaR as analysis instrument. The verification of the effectiveness of the model will be carried through in such a way of qualitative form, through the quarrel on the traditional efficient wallet and the modified efficient wallet, how much in the quantitative aspect, through the practical application of the model in the Box of Providence of the Employees of the northeast Bank of Brazil - CAPEF, Closed Entity of Complementary Providence sponsored by the northeast Bank, the Box of Medical Assistance of the Employees of the northeast Bank and by the proper CAPEF. Such practical application will allow to inside show the viability of the research of the area of investments of the Pension funds.

Magister Scientiae - MSc / The findings of the study indicate that knowledge of logic does help to improve the ability of students to make logical connections (deductions) between and from statements.The results of the study, however, do not indicate that knowledge and understanding of logic translates into improved proving ability of mathematical statements by students. / South Africa

Although Sophocles, according to tradition, died before the Oedipus Coloneus, his last work, was performed, there is no reason to believe that his intention in composing the play was fundamentally different from his life-long practice, that is to create a drama to be presented before a contemporary audience, and to win the prize in the contest for tragic poets at the Festival of Dionysus in Athens. In Part I of this study I have attempted to describe the manner in which Sophocles constructed his drama. I have divided the play into twenty manageable sections and devoted a chapter to each. Within each chapter each line, group of lines and, finally, each section, has been examined with a view to determining how it contributes to the process of changing the situation at the beginning of the drama, where Oedipus, a tired and wretched beggar, arrives in Colonus, to the situation at its end, when his life is over. At every stage the requirements of the dramatic circumstances, the demands of the plot, the constraints of the medium and the artistic effects for which the playwright aimed have been examined. The discussion takes the form of a commentary in that each point, regardless of its nature, has been dealt with as it arises in the text of the play. The reader will find himself confronted in turn/ as Sophocles must have been, with considerations of the reactions of the audience, theatrical effects, plot progression and so forth. Textual difficulties have been discussed only when their resolution is crucial for determining the contribution of a certain passage to the construction of the play. From this discussion a view of the play as an experience shared by the playwright and his audience emerges. The original audience was able to appreciate this play without the aid of a commentary. Therefore, no interpretation of a line, passage or scene which could not have been readily understood during performance can be correct. Further, the original audience was treated to aural and visual effects of which our text, with its complete lack of stage directions, bears only indirect traces. I have tried to determine what these effects may have been. It is hoped that the resulting observations will enable the reader better to understand the play, as the first spectators must have done - not primarily as an abstract treatise with a significant message for our times, but as a crowd-pleasing performance, complete in itself. In Part II of this study I have examined the question of the distribution of the roles in the Oedipus Coloneus among the limited number of actors which the playwright was allowed. I have first reviewed various suggestions for the distribution of the roles among three speaking actors. Every known scheme, however, has serious drawbacks which would have marred the quality of the performance of the play. I have therefore proceeded to examine various schemes wherein the roles are distributed among four actors. None of these, however, fully accounts for the complex system of entrances and exits and the occasional awkward silences. These phenomena can be explained only if Sophocles knew, when he wrote his play, how many actors were to be allocated to him and who they were to be. I have shown that this is a reasonable possibility. According to the distribution of the roles here proposed, Sophocles wrote his play to suit the specific talents of four speaking actors, and also employed a mute. The idiosyncracies of the Oedipus Coloneus are thus adequately explained. / Arts, Faculty of / Classical, Near Eastern and Religious Studies, Department of / Graduate

This research is a case study focusing on a group of Chinese teachers working in a senior high school in northern China. It seeks to explore their experiences and perceptions of gender roles, both in the workplace and at home. It aims to discover the impact of cultural values and beliefs on them as well as on their teaching practice, and to explore how they deal with the potential contradictions. There are three questions being addressed in this research: (1) In what way do male and female teachers experience and perceive gender (in)equality at the workplace? (2) In what way do male and female teachers experience and perceive gender (in)equality at home? (3) How do their experiences and perceptions of gender roles influence their teaching practice? The results show that both modernization and communism have positive influences on gender equality. However, tradition and stereotype impose men and women with specific roles and qualities. They influence participants’ domestic life to different extents: decision-making, housework division, attitudes toward marriage, premarital sex and gender preference of their children. Whether caring or paternalistic, parents play a very important role in the family. It also can be seen that women are trying to take an active role in household finance management. At the workplace, the ongoing work-family conflict and stereotype about gender roles hinder women’s career development. The participation and the percentage of female representation in management positions are rather low, even though they are encouraged to take an active role. When seeking employment, women face more frustration than men. In the classroom setting, gender difference can be seen when teachers give criticism and assign legwork. Students are expected to develop different qualities: male students with “male characteristics” and female students with “female characteristics”, as a result of social pressure.

Dominick Argento (b. 1927) occupies an important position among American composers. This thesis discusses his 1980 choral work Peter Quince at the Clavier: Sonatina for Mixed Chorus and Piano Concertante. On the surface, the choral and piano parts of this four movement work often sound dissimilar. To create unity within this composition, Argento utilizes a small number of generative elements that govern the pitch, intervallic, and rhythmic dimensions of the composition. This thesis also discusses the relationship between the music and the text, a poem by Wallace Stevens (1879-1955).

The master´s thesis describes the initial design of communication module for industrial automation purposes which can transmit short status messages via the GSM network informing about the status of the connected device to a predefined telephone number. In the first part, the communication protocols are describe and a market survey is carried out. Then follows the evaluation of the market survey and the justification of construction of the device. The following chapters are devoted to the description of the device being developed, its individual components and program description and testing prototype.