Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes special study report entitled : Lighting and ventilation for sports. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 138-144).

This applied dissertation was designed to provide up-to-date information for the athletic trainers and administrative staff in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II athletic programs. The National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA) has created recommendations and guidelines for appropriate medical coverage of intercollegiate athletics. The challenge for these athletic programs is to create a sports medicine model that will meet these recommendations and guidelines. The researcher developed an interdisciplinary sports medicine team model that would provide the appropriate medical coverage and health care for student athletes at a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II athletic program. Use of an interdisciplinary sports medicine team model provides athletic training departments with information in eight areas: (a) athletes’ readiness to participate; (b) risk management and prevention; (c) recognition, evaluation, and immediate treatment of athletic injuries and illnesses; (d) rehabilitation and reconditioning of athletic injuries; (e) psychosocial intervention and referral; (f) nutritional aspects of injuries and illnesses; (g) health care administration; and (h) professional development to maintain knowledge and skills. The researcher sent out an online survey to each of the head athletic trainers of the Division II Sunshine State Conference. The survey was based on the recommendations and guidelines identified in the NATA Appropriate Medical Coverage Official Statement. The online survey was followed by a one-on-one interview of each head athletic trainer. This information was used to determine what health care models are presently in place at the Sunshine State Conference athletic departments. As a result of this research, a model for the planning and development of an interdisciplinary sports medicine team within a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II college or university campus, based on identified best practices was completed.

No description available.

No description available.

In the first chapter, I investigate how external analyst forecasts influence managerial earnings decisions. Using shifts in analyst composition effected by brokerage mergers as a source of exogenous variation, I establish a one-to-one response of firm earnings to analyst forecasts. This response is driven by accounting accruals, consistent with short-termist earnings management. I find that the market perceives these accruals as costly to the firm. I present a model where this behavior emerges as a rational equilibrium, confirmed by a calibration that mirrors a one-to-one forecast-earnings relationship. Calibration outcomes align with real-world earnings and forecast patterns. In the second chapter (co-authored with Harrison Hong and Jeffrey Kubik), we estimate the cost to capital of climate policy. Many US states have set ambitious renewable portfolio standards (RPS) that require utilities to switch from fossil fuels toward renewables. RPS increases the renewables capacity, bond issuance, maturity, and yield spreads of investor-owned utilities compared to municipal producers that are exempted from this climate policy. Contrary to stranded-asset concerns, the hit to overall firm financial health is moderate. Falling cost of renewables and pass through of these costs to consumers mitigate the burden of RPS on firms. Using a Tobin’s 𝒒 model, we show that, absent these mitigating factors, the impact of RPS on firm valuations would have been severe. In the third chapter (co-authored with Lukas Fischer), we identify a source of peer group influence that is plausibly orthogonal to information provision, yet nonetheless affects economic decision-making: the shock to an equity analyst of their undergraduate college football team winning the NCAA Championship Game. We find that analysts’ forecasts respond positively to their undergraduate school’s football team winning the NCAA final. We then show that the shock of ‘winning’ spreads within an analyst’s brokerage, positively influencing the forecasts of their colleagues. Brokerages where the degree of this diffusion is greater have lower female representation in their analyst teams, as well as lower ESG scores.

This study identified factors that influenced men to coach women's basketball. The CCFQ, designed to determine relative importance of each of nine factors in career selection, was completed by 78 male head coaches of women's NCAA II basketball. Data was analyzed using univariate analysis with repeated measures, t-tests, and ANOVA. These coaches indicated fulfill need for competition, help female athletes reach full potential, and serve as role model as significant influences. Moderate influences included personal attributes of athletes, job attributes, and career advancement. Job availability, belief in own success, and income were not considered influential in career selection. Few differences were indicated between demographic sub-groups on any factor. Factors associated with well being of athletes had the greatest influence.

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is the nonprofit governing body of college athletics. They oversee three distinct divisions of competition containing over 430,000 student athletes and over 1,000 member institutions.[1] Their primary task is to ensure all student-athletes and the universities they attend adhere to the extensive rules and regulations outlined in the Associations manual, namely, to abide by principles of amateurism, defined by the Association as agents that do not receive any payment above travel expenses or a grant-in-aid scholarship for competing in sports endeavors. The problem is the NCAA is currently financially and academically exploiting college athletes. The Association possesses an inordinate amount of control over young men and women, and they exercise this power to exploit their unrecognized labor force and generate billions of dollars in revenues, while restricting the amount of compensation the athletes receive to a number well below what the free market will bear. College athletes are not receiving any of the money they produce, and most will not benefit in any real way from the educational product they are provided. The system must be reformed. The first step will be to eliminate financially defined amateurism along with the NCAA’s expansive rulebook. Second, student athletes should be allowed to set their own course load. This includes not taking any classes if they choose, thus ending the charade that athletes are recruited to campus as students first, even when it is clear many have no interest in academics. Third, courses should be tailored to pique the interest of athletes, namely offering majors in sports. Finally, university athletic departments need to be scaled down to truly comply with Title IX requirements and stop wasting exorbitant sums of money. The hypocrisy and deception must end. [1] “About the NCAA,” National Collegiate Athletic Association, 2013, http://www.ncaa.org/.

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

This dissertation studies three topics related to different types of network effects in financial economics. The first chapter, "Of Coupons and Cargo - International Debt, Production, and Trade," quantifies the relationship between firms' supply chain networks and financing decisions. Most multinational corporations raise a significant amount of debt capital outside their home country. In contrast to prevailing evidence, access to deeper financial markets cannot explain this phenomenon in its entirety, as international debt issues carry higher spreads than securities concurrently issued domestically. Novel data on the universe of fixed income securities, subsidiary locations, and shipment-level trade flows from seventeen countries, is used to understand the drivers of international debt issuance. On the extensive margin firms raise debt in exactly those markets which play a key role in their supply chain (through subsidiaries, suppliers, or customers). Tests on the intensive margin indicate that firms adjust the face value of debt outstanding in a given country following exogenous changes in their operating exposure. These results are consistent with firms using international capital markets to hedge their exposure to fluctuations in exchange rates. The second chapter, "Did You Catch the Game Last Night? - Peer Group Effects in Sell-Side Analyst Forecasts," assesses the reaction of sell-side equity analysts to sentiment shocks, as well as how such non-financial information permeates through social networks. We identify a source of peer group influence that is plausibly orthogonal to information provision, yet nonetheless affects economic decision-making: the shock to an equity analyst of their undergraduate college football team winning the NCAA Championship Game. We find that analysts' forecasts respond positively to their undergraduate school's football team winning the NCAA final. We then show that the shock of 'winning' spreads within an analyst's brokerage, positively influencing the forecasts of their colleagues. Brokerages where the degree of this diffusion is greater have lower female representation in their analyst teams, as well as lower ESG scores. The third chapter, "Sharing is Caring? - Knowledge Diffusion in Researcher Networks," focuses on the effects of social networks in innovation. Social interactions are at the core of many economic processes, including research and development. Yet their contribution to innovation is not well understood. A novel dataset on more than 19,000 economists linked to more than one million unique research projects and fifty million tweets (#EconTwitter) is used as laboratory to explore the relationship between different social interactions and research outcomes. Results suggest that interactions play a dominant role in the idea generation phase of research and a lesser one in the context of ongoing projects. They seem to matter little for completed research projects. More socially active scholars are more productive, as measured by the number of papers written, and their working papers are more visible (i.e., downloaded more frequently). A working paper being endorsed leads to an increase in downloads by 20%. However, indicative of a trade-off in spending their valuable time, these projects are less impactful based on citation measures.