No description available.

The aim of this master thesis is to discuss cultural attractiveness in the selected cities of Dublin and Vilnius. As the term cultural attractiveness is used in various aspects in different ways, it becomes necessary to define it for the extents of this thesis. To define culture in the city there were criterions of common basic values – tolerance, openness and diversity – described, according to the creative class theory raised by Richard Florida in “The rise of the creative class”. The list of criterions was expanded from the results of discussions held in the course of European Spatial Planning and between Professor Jan – Evert Nilsson and the authors of the thesis. In the main body of the thesis the effect of each criterion in the selected case studies is analyzed. The authors find out that the importance of each criterion can differ according to the case. However, each criterion’s result does not necessary mean lesser cultural attractiveness. The thesis highlight that cultural attractiveness is defined by the combination of the discussed elements/criterions.

M.A. / This research study is focused on the influence that racial stereotypes have on South African students’ perceptions of the work environment. A multi-factorial experiment was conducted by randomly assigning 90 male Accounting students (mean age = 22.4 years) to three groups. All participants viewed identical information about a fictitious organisation. In the two experimental groups the race of the manager was manipulated by means of a picture. No picture was displayed in the control group. The hypothesis (which was based on research of traditional stereotypes) was disconfirmed. The highest ratings of organisational attractiveness were provided by participants in the control group, and the lowest ratings by those who viewed the white manager, χ2 (5) = 29.48, p < .05. Further, both black and white participants showed in-group bias on the Loyalty scale, χ2 (5) = 12.11, p < .05. The results are discussed in terms of racial stereotypes, the emergence of a new form of racism, and the prominence of in-group bias.

No description available.

Attractiveness is a phenomenon that is highly prioritised in society and has a variety of implications on the health, mental health, occupational, judicial and economic spheres. The media is known to have an impact on how certain norms, expectations and beliefs in society are formed, including, but not limited to, the creation of beauty ideals. Despite this importance, little research has been done on how men have come to perceive the attractiveness of women as a consequence of daily exposure to the media and photoshopped images of women. This study therefore attempts to address this gap in research by studying the impact that media and the use of photoshopping might have on males' perception of female attractiveness. A mixed-method approach was followed. Accordingly, both qualitative and quantitative data was collected during this study. The quantitative data entailed a comparison of heart rate, breathing rate, heart rate variability and viewing time for 24 participants between non-photoshopped and photoshopped images. The qualitative section comprised eye tracking data and a questionnaire for 25 male participants on the topic of media, photoshopping, features of attractiveness and what impact these three constructs might have on each other. The results indicate that on a physiological level there are limited and sporadic changes in how men view, and respond to, photoshopped images of women. Despite this finding, most participants report that on a psychological level media and photoshopping has an impact on their perceptions of beauty and their experience of interpersonal attraction. / Mini Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Psychology / MA / Unrestricted

This thesis consists of four essays in collaboration and discrimination. The first essay examines the role of collaboration as a determinant of publication productivity in the field of economics, measured by means of citations, journal rank, and journal impact factor. The analysis employs cross-sectional data of 1,512 journal publications published in 2012 in 16 economics journals. The findings show a positive effect of team size on publication productivity, whereas research teams consisting of only one gender perform better in terms of research quality than gender-mixed teams. The analysis also indicates a negative relationship between female-dominated teams and research productivity. The second essay examines the impact of physical attractiveness on productivity. As literature found a strong impact on wages and career progression, it can be either due to discrimination in favour of good-looking people or can reflect an association between attractiveness and productivity. We utilise a context of academic publishing where there is no or limited face-to-face interaction. Using data on 2,800 authors, the results suggest that physical attractiveness has significantly important benefits. The third essay also considers the effect of physical attractiveness, as assessed based on pictures of top scientists, on their probability of winning the Nobel Prize. In contrast, the results show that attractiveness is negatively correlated with the probability of being awarded the Nobel, with the magnitude of this effect being not negligible. The fourth essay analyses the subsequent publication success (i.e., the probability to publish in top journals, the publication productivity) of the contenders in a best paper prize awarded at an academic conference to see whether the winners' papers fare better than those that failed to get the prize, measured by rank and impact factor of the journal, and citations. We employ the data of nominees for the Distinguished CESifo Affiliate prize between 2008 and 2015. The findings indicate that winning has a positive effect on the quality of journals they published as well as the publication productivity, suggesting that scholars who succeed in their early stage of academia tend to success later compared to those who are not outstanding. This thesis contributes to the literature on publication productivity and discrimination in academia by extending the existing literature on these issues. In this context, we explore the determinants of research productivity in economics (e.g., gender, nationality, seniority and others) and how those characteristics impact on productivity. We also investigate the role of beauty, and the presence of appearance-based discrimination, in determining research productivity among mainstream academics. We then re-examine the role of physical attractiveness at the top of the distribution of productivity, among Nobel Prize candidates/winners. Finally, we examine inequality in scientific research outcomes and the role of the so-called Matthew Effect. The findings shed light on the issues of collaboration, discrimination and inequality in academia.

The purpose of the study was to investigate if there was a difference in the experience of employer attractiveness and experience of recruitment process, based on whether the respondent had received employment or not at the selected organization. The purpose was also to investigate whether there was a correlation between experience of employer attractiveness and experience of recruitment process. The questionnaire used contained questions about the experience of the recruitment process and employer attractiveness, the latter was measured using the Employer Attractiveness scale. The study showed that those who became employed rated all dimensions of employer attractiveness higher. Furthermore, the study showed that those who became employed rated the dimensions fairness and treatment higher. As for the experience of the usability of the recruiting tool there were no differences between the groups. The results also showed a positive correlation between experience of the recruitment process and experience of employer attractiveness. / Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka om det fanns någon skillnad vad gäller upplevelsen av arbetsgivarattraktionen samt upplevelsen av rekryteringsprocessen utifrån om arbetssökande, till en kommun i Mellansverige, fått en anställning eller inte fått anställning. Syftet var även att undersöka om de fanns ett samband mellan upplevelsen av arbetsgivarattraktionen och upplevelsen av rekryteringsprocessen. Enkäten innehöll frågor som behandlade upplevelsen av rekryteringsprocessen samt frågor hämtade från Employer Attractiveness Scale, vilket mätte arbetsgivarattraktionen. Resultatet påvisade att de som blivit anställda skattade samtliga dimensioner i arbetsgivarattraktionen högre än de som inte blivit anställda. Studien visade även att de som blivit anställda skattade dimensionerna gällande den upplevda rekryteringsprocessens dimensioner rättvisa och bemötande högre än de som inte blivit anställda. Vad gäller upplevelsen av användarvänligheten påvisades ingen skillnad mellan grupperna. Resultatet visade ett positivt samband mellan upplevelsen av rekryteringsprocessen och upplevelsen av arbetsgivarattraktionen.

Studien undersökte lärarstudenters uppfattning om en kommuns arbetsgivarattraktivitet. Studien syftade till att undersöka sambandet mellan Kommunens arbetsgivarattraktivitet och lärarstudenters kännedom om Kommunen och huruvida kännedomen var värdeladdad, samt att undersöka skillnader mellan en Ideal arbetsgivares attraktivitet och Kommunens arbetsgivarattraktivitet. Studien genomfördes med en enkätundersökning som distribuerades till lärarstudenter. För att undersöka sambandet mellan kännedom samt dess värdeladdning och Kommunens arbetsgivarattraktivitet användes Familiarity Scale och för att undersöka skillnader mellan en Ideal arbetsgivares attraktivitet och Kommunens arbetsgivarattraktivitet användes Employer Attractiveness Scale (EmpAt) bestående av fem dimensioner (Social, Utveckling, Intresse, Tillämpning, Ekonomi). Det första huvudresultatet visade signifikanta samband mellan Kommunens uppfattade arbetsgivarattraktivitet och kännedomsvariablerna, där den värdeladdade kännedomen hade starkast samband med Kommunens arbetsgivarattraktivitet. Det andra huvudresultatet visade signifikanta skillnader mellan en Ideal arbetsgivares attraktivitet och Kommunens arbetsgivarattraktivitet i samtliga dimensioner i EmpAt. / The study examined teachers' perceptions of a municipality's employer attractiveness. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Municipality's employer attractiveness and teacher students' knowledge of the Municipality and whether the knowledge was value- charged, and also to examine differences between an Ideal employer attractiveness and the Municipality’s employer attractiveness. The study was conducted with a survey that was distributed to teacher students. To investigate the relationship between knowledge and its value charge and the Municipality's employer attractiveness, the Familiarity Scale was used and to investigate differences between an Ideal employer attractiveness and the Municipality’s employer attractiveness, Employer Attractiveness Scale (EmpAt) consisting of five dimensions (Social, Development, Interest, Application, Economy) was used. The first main result showed significant relationships between the Municipality's perceived attractiveness and the knowledge variables, where the value-charged knowledge had the strongest correlation with the Municipality's attractiveness. The other main result showed significant differences between Ideal employer attractiveness and the Municipality’s employer attractiveness in all dimensions of EmpAt.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur invånare i Gävle kommun ser på kommunen som arbetsgivare med bakgrund till hur kommunen valt att arbeta med employer branding. Syftet var även att se om det fanns några skillnader i uppfattningen beroende på om respondenten har kommunen som arbetsgivare eller inte. Den kvantitativa studien genomfördes med hjälp av enkäter innehållande frågor om arbetsgivarattraktionen där samtliga påståenden är hämtade från mätinstrumentet Employer Attractiveness Scale. Resultatet visade på en signifikant skillnad i uppfattningen av organisationen som attraktiv arbetsgivare, där de respondenter som har kommunen som arbetsgivare generellt har en mer positiv syn än de invånare som inte har kommunen som arbetsgivare. / The purpose of this study was to examine how the citizens of Gävle municipality views the organisation as an employer based on how the municipality has chosen to work with employer branding. The purpose was also to examine whether there was any differences in the experience of employer attractiveness depending on the fact that the participant works for the municipality or not. The study was conducted through a questionnaire survey which contained questions about employer attractiveness and was measured using the Employer Attractiveness scale. The study showed a statistically significant difference in perception of the organisation as an employer, where the participants who works for the municipality had a more positive view compared to the participants who does not work for the municipality.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka om det förelåg någon skillnad mellan tre olika åldersgrupper inom byggbranschen gällande uppfattningen av den ideala arbetsgivaren. Uppfattningen av den ideala arbetsgivaren mättes genom mätinstrumentet Employer Attractiveness Scale utifrån fem dimensioner: Intresse, Social, Utveckling, Tillämpning och Ekonomi. Undersökningen genomfördes på fem byggföretag i Mellansverige med totalt 72 yrkesarbetare som deltagare. Deltagarna delades in i åldersgrupperna äldre (födelseår 1954–1981), medel (1982–1993) och yngre (1994–2005). Studiens resultat visade att det fanns en skillnad mellan åldersgrupperna äldre och medel och mellan äldre och yngre avseende hur de värderade dimensionen Social. Den äldre åldersgruppen värderade dimensionen Social lägre än åldersgrupperna medel och yngre. Det fanns inte några skillnader mellan åldersgrupperna för övriga dimensioner (Intresse, Utveckling, Tillämpning och Ekonomi). / The purpose of the study was to investigate whether there was any difference between three different age groups in the construction industry regarding the perception of the ideal employer. The perception of the ideal employer was measured through the Employer Attractiveness Scale based on five dimensions: Interest, Social, Development, Application and Economic. The survey was conducted at five construction companies in Central Sweden with a total of 72 construction workers as participants. The participants were divided into the age groups: older (year of birth 1954-1981), middle (1982-1993) and younger (1994-2005). The results of the study showed that there was a difference between the age groups older and middle and between older and younger in terms of how they valued the Social dimension. The older age group valued the dimension Social lower than the age groups middle and younger. There were no differences between the age groups for other dimensions (Interest, Development, Application and Economic).