This dissertation attempts to investigate the relationship between certain narrative strategies and meaning(s), and presents a narratological analysis of Golding&rsquo / s three novels. It primarily refers to the terminology offered by Genette and Rimmon-Kenan and, considering the mode of narration (voice) and the mode of focalization (mood), it tries to unearth narrative elements in narrative fiction. This dissertation argues that the implied author employs narrative agents and strategies of perspectivisation in order to affect, manipulate, determine or change the meaning(s), and that storytelling authority can be violated or balanced by monitority of perceiving. In The Inheritors, the implied author plays with shifting perspective to portray the other from within / in Pincher Martin, s/he explores temporality and timelessness to reveal post-mortem individual consciousness / unconsciousness, and in Free Fall, s/he produces a first-person retrospective narration where the protagonist deals with the act of story-telling and attempts to reconstruct his identity through manipulating subnarratives and perspectives.

Summary According to Ferris & Judge(1991), Ferris & Mitchell(1987), the policies of human resources such as promotion, selection, rotation and etc. are affected by political behaviors. As Gandz & Murray (1980) proved, political behaviors indeed exist in different kinds of organizations and groups, especially in public sectors. The study tested the formal employees in Kaoshiung County Government. Those employees are from passing the official examinations or other departments. The rank and classification of the jobs in the organization are complete; employees have many chances to get promotion and rotation. Therefore, it is a good case for examining how often political behaviors being used and how their effects are. The study distributed 410 questionnaires; there are 225 back, and 185 effective samples. Analyzing data and proving the hypotheses through SPSS, there are several findings as follows: 1. Civil servants think that to have the chance of promotion or rotation, to use ¡§having good relationship with important persons¡¨ is necessary. 2. Civil servants think that to have the chance of promotion or rotation, to use ¡§recommendation from the supervisor¡¨ is necessary. 3. The upward political behaviors that civil servants mostly used are:(1) Provide precedent or some ideas that other county governments do. (2) Ask instructions from supervisors, and discuss the solutions. (3) Provide some relevant references that support his viewpoints to the supervisor. 4. The upward political behaviors that civil servants think most effective are same as the behaviors mostly used. Through analysis, the relationship between the using frequency and the using effectiveness of the upward political behaviors are positively related. In other words, the higher the using frequency, the better the using effectiveness. 5. Male subordinates think that using ¡§expert authority¡¨ and ¡§reasonable defense¡¨ would increase not only the chance of promotion and rotation, but also increase the satisfaction of promotion and rotation system. 6. Male subordinates in higher level think that using ¡¨social intercourse and social party¡¨ and ¡§reasonable defense¡¨ can increase the speed of promotion and rotation. As to male subordinates in lower level, they think that using ¡§expert authority¡¨ can increase the speed of having promotion and rotation. 7. The subordinates in higher level think that using ¡§affective strategy¡¨ and ¡§social intercourse and social party¡¨ would cause the unfairness of promotion and rotation and decease the satisfaction of promotion and rotation system. 8. Seniority, higher-educated subordinates think that using ¡¨expert authority¡¨ and ¡§reasonable defense¡¨ of the upward political behaviors would increase the speed of promotion and rotation and the satisfaction of promotion and rotation system. However, for those who have less years spent on the job think that using ¡§social intercourse and social party¡¨ of the upward political behaviors would cause the unfairness of promotion and rotation and decease the satisfaction of promotion and rotation system. 9. The marriage of supervisors significantly moderates the relationship between the frequency of using upward political behaviors and the speed of promotion and rotation. When supervisors use ¡§political strategy¡¨ of the upward political behavior, those who unmarried has more significant effect on increasing the speed of promotion and rotation than those who married. 10. The marriage of supervisors significantly moderates the relationship between the frequency of using upward political behaviors and the satisfaction of promotion and rotation system. When supervisors use ¡§affective strategy¡¨ of the upward political behavior, those who unmarried has more significant effect on increasing the satisfaction of promotion and rotation system than those who married.

Abstract The reformation within an publicly-owned businesses enables the entity to enjoy greater flexibility and liberty, in terms of employment, finance, accounting, etc., so as to promptly adjust itself to the external environment and successfully accomplish the state-assigned missions. Hence, reformation has become a significant gist as well as a target to achieve in the organizational reconstruction promoted by the government. This study took the staff of Kaohsiung Harbour Bureau, which was right under a reformation by performing the strategic management via education and training, as the subject. It aimed to investigate the effect of these training programs. A framework was built, in which the ¡§Individual Background¡¨ was set as a control variable; ¡§Staff¡¦s Reformation Cognition¡¨ and ¡§Achievement Motivation¡¨ were as independent variables; ¡§Education and Training¡X-Staff¡¦s Participation in Reformation & Communication Management Programs¡¨ as an intervening variable, in order to discuss the impact on the dependent variable of ¡§Staff¡¦s Attitude¡¨ including ¡§Staff¡¦s Affirmative Attitude to Reformation Policies¡¨ and ¡§Organizational Commitment.¡¨ 620 employees in total were sampled out as the research subjects by means of Systematic Sampling, and among which, 488 were determined valid. This study employed the statistical software SPSS for Windows to analyze recovered data. The methods used in data analysis embraced Descriptive Statistics Analysis, Factor Analysis & Reliability Analysis, Independent Samples T-Test, Analysis of Variance, Pearson Correlation Analysis and Hierarchical Regression Analysis. The results obtained in this study are concluded as follows. 1. The staff with diverse ¡§Individual Backgrounds¡¨ show an obvious difference in the respects of ¡§Staff¡¦s Reformation Cognition¡¨, ¡§Staff¡¦s Affirmative Attitude to Reformation Policies¡¨, ¡§Organizational Commitment¡¨ and ¡§Achievement Motivation¡¨. But it is just partially tenable. 2. A majority of the staff don¡¦t give too much favour to the reformation policies, especially those involving with employees¡¦ interests. The staff show far much care for their own rights and interests than for the organization¡¦s. 3. ¡§Staff¡¦s Cognition of Organizational Competitiveness¡¨ has an obvious and positive influence on their ¡§Affirmative Attitude to the Reformation on Organizational Interests¡¨; ¡§Staff¡¦s Cognition of Employees¡¦ Interests¡¨ has an obvious and positive influence on their ¡§Affirmative Attitude to the Reformation on Organizational Interests¡¨ and ¡§Affirmative Attitude to the Reformation on Employees¡¦ Interests¡¨; ¡§Staff¡¦s Participation in Reformation & Communication Management Programs¡¨ has an obvious and positive influence on their ¡§Affirmative Attitude to the Reformation on Organizational Interests¡¨ and ¡§Affirmative Attitude to the Reformation on Employees¡¦ Interests¡¨; ¡§Achievement Motivation¡¨ has an obvious and positive influence on ¡§Organizational Commitment¡¨. 4. ¡§Staff¡¦s Participation in Reformation & Communication Management Programs¡¨ has an obvious and interfering influence on their ¡§Organizational Commitment¡¨ as well as ¡§Affirmative Attitude to the Reformation on Organizational Interests¡¨; has an obvious and interfering influence on their ¡§Cognition of Employees¡¦ Interests¡¨ or ¡§Achievement Motivation¡¨ and ¡§Affirmative Attitude to the Reformation on Employees¡¦ Interests¡¨; has an obvious and interfering influence on their ¡§Cognition of Employees¡¦ Interests¡¨ and ¡§Effort Commitment¡¨. In view of the results of this study, four suggestions are proposed: (1) To truly think highly of employees¡¦ rights and interests; (2) To value employees¡¦ working volition and enhance the efficiency of human resource in an organization; (3) To carry out variant managerial strategies and keep a open communication with employees; (4) To make a proper syllabus for reformation and communication programs, which should incorporate with the instruction of values, such as ¡§Identification with and Devotion to Organization.¡¨

According to the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standard of communication, ??Instructional programs from pre-kindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to...communicate their mathematical thinking coherently and clearly to peers, teachers, and others?? and students need to learn ??what is acceptable as evidence in mathematics?? (NCTM, 2000, p. 60). But do teachers have a clear understanding of what is acceptable or do they believe that the only acceptable explanations are the ones that they themselves gave to the students? Can teachers accept alternative forms of explanation and methods of solution as mathematically accurate or do they want students to simply restate the teachers?? understandings of mathematics and the problem? The focus of this dissertation is the authoritative discourse practices of classroom teachers as they relate to individual students and large and small groups of students. In this case study, I examine the interactions in one eighth-grade mathematics classroom and the possible sharing of mathematical authority and development of mathematical agency that take place via the teacher??s uses of authoritative discourse. A guiding objective of this research was to examine the ways a teacher??s discursive practices were aligned with her pedagogical intentions. The teacher for this study was an experienced eighth-grade mathematics teacher at a rural Central Texas middle school. The teacher was a participant in the Middle School Mathematics Project at Texas A&M University. Results of an analysis of the discourse of six selected classes were combined with interview and observation data and curriculum materials to inform the research questions. I found that through the teacher??s regular use of authoritative discursive devices, mathematical authority was infrequently shared. Also the teacher??s uses of authoritative discourse helped create an environment where mathematical agency was not encouraged or supported. The teacher??s use of various discursive devices helped establish and maintain a hierarchy of mathematical authority with students at the lowest level reliant on others for various mathematical decisions.

Urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector is a kind of land-developing method in order to execute the land policies and to implement the urban planning. After the Government established this system in 1979, landowners may apply for permits to the Government as per the regulations. However, it has incurred many problems for the past years after the implementation. It has resulted in differences between laws and practices. Besides, disputes among landowners were aroused endlessly. The uncertainty for the Government to acquire land for public facility use makes the function of urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector unable to be developed effectively. The purpose of this research is to help the Government timely reviews the defects of this system in order to ensure the landowners¡¦ legal rights of acquisition of properties by impartial, reasonable and legal ways to solve the disputes resulting from the transaction of urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector on the basis of equal rights. This dissertation mainly applies the review of literature and refers to the related literature analyses. Firstly, it is to clarify the fundamental legal principles of the execution processes of urban land readjustment implementation by the public authority and by the private sector. It is also to clarify the sources of law for the urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector in Taiwan. In addition, the differences between the execution results of urban land readjustment implementation by the public authority and by the private sector during the same period shall be compared and verified by cases. Furthermore, the related legal problems are clarified by evaluating the execution processes of urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector. The practical examples of juridical judgments are also taken to verify the disputed legal claims, which were often found in the practical cases when executing the urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector. By the application of legal methods, it is anticipated to make up the ways of claims in order to fairly protect the landowners¡¦ rights when executing the urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector. This research finds out problems and provides several suggestions to the policy-making authorities for reference: In the aspect of legislation: 1. The ¡¥Regulations for Encouraging Land Owners to Implement Urban Land Readjustment¡¦ shall be upgraded to the legislative level. Alternatively, it may combine with the ¡¥Regulations for the Urban Land Readjustment¡¦ into the complete ¡¥Laws of Urban Land Readjustment¡¦. 2. When the adjustment association is established, it shall be set as a corporation as soon as possible. 3. It shall be clearly regulated that the encouragement of the urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector is limited to the free-selected areas within the range of urban planning. 4. It is to increase the areas for and number of landowners who agree to execute the urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector. In the aspect of execution: 1. The increase of burden ratio of public facilities should follow the example of urban land readjustment implementation by the public authority. 2. The calculation of burden ratio of the average shared cost should use a unified, standard formula. 3. The transaction of urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector should not be open to the cities which have no experience in transaction of urban land readjustment implementation by the public authority. 4. The development duration of urban land readjustment implementation by the private sector should not last too long.

Vermittlung von Informationskompetenz: Dieses Thema dominiert seit einiger Zeit nicht nur die bibliothekarische Fachwelt. Informationskompetenz, das heißt die Fähigkeit, aus der unübersehbar großen Zahl von Informationen genau diejenigen heraus zu filtern, die für die Lösung eines Problems benötigt werden, gehört zu den Schlüsselqualifikationen für die wissenschaftliche und berufliche Arbeit und ist genau so wichtig wie die Lesekompetenz.

Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [79]-83).

Thesis (M.A. in Biblical Studies)--Associated Mennonite Biblical Seminary, 2000. / Includes photocopy of The constitution of the Musama Disco Christo Church, compiled by M. Moses Jehu-Appiah [1959]. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-79).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Victoria University of Wellington, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2009. / Adviser: Haitham Al-Deek. Includes bibliographical references (p. 173-177).