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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Um estudo de casos para auxílio à definição de um modelo de portabilidade na implementação de algoritmos simulados em robôs reais

Souza, Wanderson Gomes de 03 February 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:36:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3512497 bytes, checksum: 22606000aee179c4fa5e12daeebccb2c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The development of algorithms oriented to robotic systems, in simulation environments, supports the identification and prediction of many problems before their tests in real environments. However, there is still not a process to ensure that an algorithm evaluated in a simulation platform will similarly work when migrated to real robots. The interference of several factors, such as engine and sensors properties, as well as the lack of a methodology that supports the interaction simulation/reality is considered as one of the main problems in this transition, so that there is a large conceptual development gap between real and simulated environments. This work aims to contribute with the formalization of a conceptual model to assist in the transition process, in which it is possible to highlight the peculiarities that require further attention from developers.. For that end, as a case study, it was developed an anti-collision algorithm, which involves several characteristics of a robotic system. Its implementation was carried out in both Unity3D simulator and real robots developed in the Arduino platform. The results were obtained and compared by a quantitative analysis of graphs using MATLAB. All necessary changes were classified and evaluated, raising up an initial idea of the transition model, which formalizes the main particulars of the project / O desenvolvimento de algoritmos voltados para sistemas robóticos, em ambientes de simulação, auxilia na identificação e antecipação de muitos problemas antes mesmo de serem testados em ambientes reais. Porém, nada garante que um algoritmo avaliado em uma plataforma de simulação funcione quando migrado para robôs reais. A interferência de diversos fatores, como propriedades dos motores e sensores, bem como a falta de uma metodologia necessária para interação simulação/realidade, se caracteriza como um dos principais problemas desta transição, de modo que, existe um grande gap conceitual entre o desenvolvimento para ambientes reais e simulados. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de contribuir com a formalização de um modelo conceitual que auxilie no processo de transição, no qual é possível destacar as peculiaridades que carecem de uma maior atenção por parte dos desenvolvedores. Para isso, como estudo de casos, foi desenvolvido um algoritmo de anticolisão, que engloba diversas características de um sistema robótico, sendo realizada sua implementação tanto no simulador Unity3D, quanto em robôs reais desenvolvidos na plataforma Arduino. Os resultados foram obtidos e comparados através de uma análise quantitativa de gráficos originados pelo MATLAB. Todas as alterações necessárias foram classificadas e avaliadas, de forma que possamos ter uma ideia do modelo de transição inicial, o qual formalize as principais particularidades do projeto
12

Estratégias inteligentes aplicadas em robôs móveis autônomos e em coordenação de grupos de robôs / Intelligent strategies applied to autonomous mobile robots and groups of robots

Pessin, Gustavo 05 April 2013 (has links)
O contínuo aumento da complexidade no controle de sistemas robóticos, bem como a aplicação de grupos de robôs auxiliando ou substituindo seres humanos em atividades críticas tem gerado uma importante demanda por soluções mais robustas, flexíveis, e eficientes. O desenvolvimento convencional de algoritmos especializados, constituídos de sistemas baseados em regras e de autômatos usados para coordenar estes conjuntos físicos em um ambiente dinâmico é um desafio extremamente complexo. Diversos modelos de desenvolvimento existem, entretanto, muitos desafios da área da robótica móvel autônoma continuam em aberto. Esta tese se insere no contexto da busca por soluções inteligentes a serem aplicadas em robôs móveis autônomos com o objetivo de permitir a operação destes em ambientes dinâmicos. Buscamos, com a investigação e aplicação de estratégias inteligentes por meio de aprendizado de máquina no funcionamento dos robôs, a proposta de soluções originais que permitam uma nova visão sobre a operação de robôs móveis em três dos desafios da área da robótica móvel autônoma, que são: localização, navegação e operações com grupos de robôs. As pesquisas sobre localização e coordenação de grupos apresentam investigação e propostas originais, buscando estender o estado da arte, onde apresentam resultados inovadores. A parte sobre navegação tem como objetivo principal ser um elo entre os conceitos de localização e coordenação de grupos, sendo o foco o desenvolvimento de um veículo autônomo com maior implicação em avanços técnicos. Relacionado com a coordenação de grupos de robôs, fizemos a escolha de trabalhar sobre uma aplicação modelada como o problema de combate a incêndios florestais. Buscamos desenvolver um ambiente de simulação realístico, onde foram avaliadas quatro técnicas para busca de iii estratégias de formação do grupo: Algoritmos Genéticos, Otimização por Enxame de Partículas, Hill Climbing e (iv) Simulated Annealing. Com base nas diversas avaliações realizadas pudemos mostrar quais das técnicas e conjuntos de parâmetros permitem a obtenção de resultados mais acurados que os demais. Além disso, mostramos como uma heurística baseada em populações anteriores pode auxiliar na tolerância a falhas da operação. Relacionado com a tarefa de navegação, apresentamos o desenvolvimento de um veículo autônomo de grande porte funcional para ambientes externos. Buscamos aperfeiçoar uma arquitetura para navegação autônoma, baseada em visão monocular e com capacidade de seguir pontos esparsos de GPS. Mostramos como a simulação e os usos de robôs de pequeno porte auxiliaram no desenvolvimento do veículo de grande porte e apresentamos como as redes neurais podem ser aplicadas nos modelos de navegação autônoma. Na investigação sobre localização, mostramos um método utilizando informação obtida de redes sem fio para prover informação de localização para robôs móveis. As informações obtidas da rede sem fio são utilizadas para aprendizado da posição de um robô móvel por meio de uma rede neural. Diversas avaliações foram realizadas buscando entender o comportamento do sistema com diferentes números de pontos de acesso, com uso de filtros, com diferentes topologias. Os resultados mostram que o modelo usando redes sem fio pode ser um possível método prático e barato para localização de robôs móveis. Esta tese aborda temas relevantes e propostas originais relacionadas com os objetivos propostos, apresentando métodos que provenham autonomia na coordenação de grupos e nas atividades individuais dos mesmos. A busca por altos graus de eficiência na resolução de tarefas em ambientes dinâmicos ainda é um campo que carece de soluções e de um aprofundamento nas pesquisas. Sendo assim, esta pesquisa buscou agregar diversos avanços científicos na área de pesquisa de robôs móveis autônomos e coordenação de grupos, por meio da aplicação de estratégias inteligentes / The constant increasing of the complexity in the control of robotic systems, as well as the application of groups of robots assisting or replacing human beings in critical activities has generated a significant demand for more robust, flexible and efficient solutions. The conventional development of specialized algorithms consisted of rule-based systems and automatas, used to coordinate these physical sets in a dynamic environment is an extremely complex challenge. Although several models of development of robotic issues are currently in use, many challenges in the area remain open. This thesis is related to the search for intelligent strategies to be applied in autonomous mobile robots in order to allow practical operations in dynamic environments. We seek, with the investigation of intelligent strategies by means of the use of machine learning in the robots, to propose original solutions to allow contributions in three challenges of the robotic research area: localization, navigation and coordination of groups of robots. The investigations about localization and groups of robots show novel and original proposals, where we sought to extend the state of the art. The navigation part has as its major objective to be a link between the subjects of localization and navigation, being its aim to help the deployment of a autonomous vehicle implying in greater technical advances. Related to the robotic group coordination, we have made the choice to work on an application modeled as a wildfire combat operation. We have developed a simulation environment in which we have evaluated four techniques to obtain strategies for the group formation: genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, hill climbing and simulated annealing. The v results showed that we can have very different accuracy with different techniques and sets of parameters. Furthermore, we show how a heuristic based on the use of past populations can assist in fault tolerant operation. Related to the autonomous navigation task, we present the development of a large autonomous vehicle capable of operating in outdoor environments. We sought to optimize an architecture for autonomous navigation based on monocular vision and with the ability to follow scattered points of GPS.We show how the use of simulation and small robots could assist in the development of large vehicle. Furthermore, we show how neural networks can be applied as a controller to autonomous navigation systems. In the investigation about localization, we presented a method using wireless networks to provide information about localization to mobile robots. The information gathered by the wireless network is used as input in an artificial neural network which learns the position of the robot. Several evaluations were carried out in order to understand the behavior of the proposed system, as using different topologies, different numbers of access points and the use of filters. Results showed that the proposed system, using wireless networks and neural networks, may be a useful and easy to use solution for localization of mobile robots. This thesis has addressed original and relevant topics related to the proposed objectives, showing methods to allow degrees of autonomy in robotic operations. The search for higher degrees of efficiency in tasks solving in dynamic environments is still a field that lacks solutions. Therefore, this study sought to add several scientific contributions in the autonomous mobile robots research area and coordination of groups, by means of the application of intelligent strategies
13

Development Of A Mobile Robot Platform To Be Used In Mobile Robot Research

Gonullu, Muhammet Kasim 01 February 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Robotics is an interdisciplinary subject and combines mechanical, computer and electrical engineering components together to solve different kinds of problems. In order to build robotic systems, these disciplines should be integrated. Therefore, mobile robots can be used as a tool in education for teaching engineering concepts. They can be employed to be used in undergraduate, graduate and doctorate research. Hands on experience on a mobile robot increase motivation of the students on the topic and give them precious practical knowledge. It also delivers students new skills like teamwork, problem solving, creativity, by executing robotic exercises. To be able to fulfill these outcomes, universities and research centers need mobile robot platforms that are modular, easy to build, cheap and flexible. However it should be also powerful and capable of being used in different research studies and hence be customizable depending on the requirements of these topics. This thesis aims at building an indoor mobile robot that can be used as a platform for developing algorithms involving various sensors incorporated onto a mobile platform. More precisely, it can be used as a base for indoor navigation and localization algorithms, as well as it can be used as platform for developing algorithms for larger autonomous mobile robots. The thesis work involves the design and manufacturing of a mobile robot platform that can potentially facilitate mobile robotics research that involves use of various hardware to develop and test different perception and navigation algorithms.
14

Control of Self-Organizing and Geometric Formations

Pruner, Elisha 24 January 2014 (has links)
Multi-vehicle systems offer many advantages in engineering applications such as increased efficiency and robustness. However, the disadvantage of multi-vehicle systems is that they require a high level of organization and coordination in order to successfully complete a task. Formation control is a field of engineering that addresses this issue, and provides coordination schemes to successfully implement multi-vehicle systems. Two approaches to group coordination were proposed in this work: geometric and self-organizing formations. A geometric reconfiguring formation was developed using the leader-follower method, and the self-organizing formation was developed using the velocity potential equations from fluid flow theory. Both formation controllers were first tested in simulation in MATLAB, and then implemented on the X80 mobile robot units. Various experiments were conducted to test the formations under difficult obstacle scenarios. The robots successfully navigated through the obstacles as a coordinated as a team using the self-organizing and geometric formation control approaches.
15

Global Localization of an Indoor Mobile Robot with a single Base Station

Hennig, Matthias, Kirmse, Henri, Janschek, Klaus 13 February 2012 (has links) (PDF)
The navigation tasks in advanced home robotic applications incorporating reliable revisiting strategies are dependent on very low cost but nevertheless rather accurate localization systems. In this paper a localization system based on the principle of trilateration is described. The proposed system uses only a single small base station, but achieves accuracies comparable to systems using spread beacons and it performs sufficiently for map building. Thus it is a standalone system and needs no odometry or other auxiliary sensors. Furthermore a new approach for the problem of the reliably detection of areas without direct line of sight is presented. The described system is very low cost and it is designed for use in indoor service robotics. The paper gives an overview on the system concept and special design solutions and proves the possible performances with experimental results.
16

SARAMR : uma arquitetura de referência baseada em loops de controle para facilitar manutenções em software robótico autoadaptativo

Paula, Marcos Henrique de 08 June 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-06T18:00:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMHP.pdf: 3604162 bytes, checksum: 5844b74d634a30ad629fc36c26706ee1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-12T13:56:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMHP.pdf: 3604162 bytes, checksum: 5844b74d634a30ad629fc36c26706ee1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-12T13:56:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMHP.pdf: 3604162 bytes, checksum: 5844b74d634a30ad629fc36c26706ee1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-12T13:57:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMHP.pdf: 3604162 bytes, checksum: 5844b74d634a30ad629fc36c26706ee1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-08 / Não recebi financiamento / Autonomous mobile robots are a special category of robots designed for performing tasks without the intervention of human beings. Some robots are designed to perform tasks in completely inhospitable environments such as the earth´s subsurface, the ocean depths or spatial exploration. In order to consider a robot as autonomous, a fundamental premise is to have self-adaptation capabilities. Over the last years, the advances in technology allow the development of self-adaptive systems, which are able to manage themselves to recuperate from faults or even change their behavior and structure in order to improve the quality of the delivered service. A critical point when building any software is its architecture, i.e., its structural organization in a set of interacting components. In this context, reference architecture is a technique that is well known for combining the best practices, patterns and strategies for building and standardizing domain specific software. Nowadays, there is a lack of studies presenting reference architectures for structuring self-adaptive software of mobile robots in order to decrease maintenance efforts. A number of studies claim that self-adaptive systems are based on the control theory and, more specifically, on the use of control loops in their architecture to perform adaptations. Therefore, this master thesis proposes SARAMR, a control loop-based reference architecture whose goal is to make maintenance activities a more productive task. The employment of the architecture divides the whole system in two modules; base application and adaptation module. The adaptation module encompasses the control loops and the base application is further divided into three other components: environment, behaviors and the electromechanical part. SARAMR was qualitatively evaluated by means of the development of two applications: a self-adaptive wall follower mobile robot and another conventional one to performing monitoring in in-door environments. Next, some maintenance activities were created to investigate the effort of applying them. We have observed that the separation of concerns of our architecture allows new components to be added causing less impacts than in systems developed in an adhoc way. / Robôs móveis autônomos fazem parte de uma categoria especial de robôs projetados para realizar tarefas sem a intervenção de seres humanos. Alguns robôs são projetados para realizar tarefas em ambientes completamente inóspitos à vida humana como no subsolo terrestre, nas profundezas de oceanos ou na exploração espacial. Para que um robô seja considerado autônomo, uma premissa fundamental é possuir capacidades de autoadaptação. Nos últimos anos, os avanços da tecnologia possibilitaram o desenvolvimento de sistemas robóticos autoadaptativos, que são capazes de gerenciarem a si próprios, se recuperarem de falhas e também de alterarem seu comportamento e estrutura com o objetivo de otimizar e/ou manter a qualidade do serviço (QoS) oferecido. Uma questão crítica para a concepção e construção de qualquer sistema de software é sua arquitetura, isto é, sua organização estrutural em um conjunto de componentes que interagem. Nesse contexto, a utilização de arquiteturas de referência é uma abordagem conhecida atualmente por combinar as melhores práticas, padrões e estratégias para a construção e padronização de sistemas de software para um determinado domínio. Atualmente, nota-se uma carência de estudos que apresentem arquiteturas de referência para estruturar o software de robôs móveis autoadaptativos de forma a facilitar atividades de manutenção nesses sistemas. Muitos estudos apontam que sistemas autoadaptativos são baseados na teoria do controle e mais especificamente na utilização de loops de controle em sua arquitetura para realizar as adaptações. Diante disso, este trabalho propõe a arquitetura de referência SARAMR, uma arquitetura de referência baseada em loops de controle cujo objetivo é facilitar atividades de manutenção no software desses sistemas. A utilização da arquitetura divide o sistema em dois módulos: aplicação base e módulo de adaptação. O módulo de adaptação envolve os loops de controle e a aplicação base ainda é subdividida em três componentes: ambiente, comportamentos e a parte eletromecânica. SARAMR foi avaliada de forma qualitativa mediante o desenvolvimento duas aplicações: um robô autoadaptativo seguidor de paredes e um outro convencional de patrulhamento. Depois disso, algumas manutenções evolutivas foram idealizadas no sentido de averiguar o esforço de aplicá-las. Constatou-se que a separação de interesses existente na arquitetura permite que novos componentes possam ser adicionados com impacto menor do que em sistemas que não usam essa arquitetura.
17

Estratégias inteligentes aplicadas em robôs móveis autônomos e em coordenação de grupos de robôs / Intelligent strategies applied to autonomous mobile robots and groups of robots

Gustavo Pessin 05 April 2013 (has links)
O contínuo aumento da complexidade no controle de sistemas robóticos, bem como a aplicação de grupos de robôs auxiliando ou substituindo seres humanos em atividades críticas tem gerado uma importante demanda por soluções mais robustas, flexíveis, e eficientes. O desenvolvimento convencional de algoritmos especializados, constituídos de sistemas baseados em regras e de autômatos usados para coordenar estes conjuntos físicos em um ambiente dinâmico é um desafio extremamente complexo. Diversos modelos de desenvolvimento existem, entretanto, muitos desafios da área da robótica móvel autônoma continuam em aberto. Esta tese se insere no contexto da busca por soluções inteligentes a serem aplicadas em robôs móveis autônomos com o objetivo de permitir a operação destes em ambientes dinâmicos. Buscamos, com a investigação e aplicação de estratégias inteligentes por meio de aprendizado de máquina no funcionamento dos robôs, a proposta de soluções originais que permitam uma nova visão sobre a operação de robôs móveis em três dos desafios da área da robótica móvel autônoma, que são: localização, navegação e operações com grupos de robôs. As pesquisas sobre localização e coordenação de grupos apresentam investigação e propostas originais, buscando estender o estado da arte, onde apresentam resultados inovadores. A parte sobre navegação tem como objetivo principal ser um elo entre os conceitos de localização e coordenação de grupos, sendo o foco o desenvolvimento de um veículo autônomo com maior implicação em avanços técnicos. Relacionado com a coordenação de grupos de robôs, fizemos a escolha de trabalhar sobre uma aplicação modelada como o problema de combate a incêndios florestais. Buscamos desenvolver um ambiente de simulação realístico, onde foram avaliadas quatro técnicas para busca de iii estratégias de formação do grupo: Algoritmos Genéticos, Otimização por Enxame de Partículas, Hill Climbing e (iv) Simulated Annealing. Com base nas diversas avaliações realizadas pudemos mostrar quais das técnicas e conjuntos de parâmetros permitem a obtenção de resultados mais acurados que os demais. Além disso, mostramos como uma heurística baseada em populações anteriores pode auxiliar na tolerância a falhas da operação. Relacionado com a tarefa de navegação, apresentamos o desenvolvimento de um veículo autônomo de grande porte funcional para ambientes externos. Buscamos aperfeiçoar uma arquitetura para navegação autônoma, baseada em visão monocular e com capacidade de seguir pontos esparsos de GPS. Mostramos como a simulação e os usos de robôs de pequeno porte auxiliaram no desenvolvimento do veículo de grande porte e apresentamos como as redes neurais podem ser aplicadas nos modelos de navegação autônoma. Na investigação sobre localização, mostramos um método utilizando informação obtida de redes sem fio para prover informação de localização para robôs móveis. As informações obtidas da rede sem fio são utilizadas para aprendizado da posição de um robô móvel por meio de uma rede neural. Diversas avaliações foram realizadas buscando entender o comportamento do sistema com diferentes números de pontos de acesso, com uso de filtros, com diferentes topologias. Os resultados mostram que o modelo usando redes sem fio pode ser um possível método prático e barato para localização de robôs móveis. Esta tese aborda temas relevantes e propostas originais relacionadas com os objetivos propostos, apresentando métodos que provenham autonomia na coordenação de grupos e nas atividades individuais dos mesmos. A busca por altos graus de eficiência na resolução de tarefas em ambientes dinâmicos ainda é um campo que carece de soluções e de um aprofundamento nas pesquisas. Sendo assim, esta pesquisa buscou agregar diversos avanços científicos na área de pesquisa de robôs móveis autônomos e coordenação de grupos, por meio da aplicação de estratégias inteligentes / The constant increasing of the complexity in the control of robotic systems, as well as the application of groups of robots assisting or replacing human beings in critical activities has generated a significant demand for more robust, flexible and efficient solutions. The conventional development of specialized algorithms consisted of rule-based systems and automatas, used to coordinate these physical sets in a dynamic environment is an extremely complex challenge. Although several models of development of robotic issues are currently in use, many challenges in the area remain open. This thesis is related to the search for intelligent strategies to be applied in autonomous mobile robots in order to allow practical operations in dynamic environments. We seek, with the investigation of intelligent strategies by means of the use of machine learning in the robots, to propose original solutions to allow contributions in three challenges of the robotic research area: localization, navigation and coordination of groups of robots. The investigations about localization and groups of robots show novel and original proposals, where we sought to extend the state of the art. The navigation part has as its major objective to be a link between the subjects of localization and navigation, being its aim to help the deployment of a autonomous vehicle implying in greater technical advances. Related to the robotic group coordination, we have made the choice to work on an application modeled as a wildfire combat operation. We have developed a simulation environment in which we have evaluated four techniques to obtain strategies for the group formation: genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, hill climbing and simulated annealing. The v results showed that we can have very different accuracy with different techniques and sets of parameters. Furthermore, we show how a heuristic based on the use of past populations can assist in fault tolerant operation. Related to the autonomous navigation task, we present the development of a large autonomous vehicle capable of operating in outdoor environments. We sought to optimize an architecture for autonomous navigation based on monocular vision and with the ability to follow scattered points of GPS.We show how the use of simulation and small robots could assist in the development of large vehicle. Furthermore, we show how neural networks can be applied as a controller to autonomous navigation systems. In the investigation about localization, we presented a method using wireless networks to provide information about localization to mobile robots. The information gathered by the wireless network is used as input in an artificial neural network which learns the position of the robot. Several evaluations were carried out in order to understand the behavior of the proposed system, as using different topologies, different numbers of access points and the use of filters. Results showed that the proposed system, using wireless networks and neural networks, may be a useful and easy to use solution for localization of mobile robots. This thesis has addressed original and relevant topics related to the proposed objectives, showing methods to allow degrees of autonomy in robotic operations. The search for higher degrees of efficiency in tasks solving in dynamic environments is still a field that lacks solutions. Therefore, this study sought to add several scientific contributions in the autonomous mobile robots research area and coordination of groups, by means of the application of intelligent strategies
18

Control of Self-Organizing and Geometric Formations

Pruner, Elisha January 2014 (has links)
Multi-vehicle systems offer many advantages in engineering applications such as increased efficiency and robustness. However, the disadvantage of multi-vehicle systems is that they require a high level of organization and coordination in order to successfully complete a task. Formation control is a field of engineering that addresses this issue, and provides coordination schemes to successfully implement multi-vehicle systems. Two approaches to group coordination were proposed in this work: geometric and self-organizing formations. A geometric reconfiguring formation was developed using the leader-follower method, and the self-organizing formation was developed using the velocity potential equations from fluid flow theory. Both formation controllers were first tested in simulation in MATLAB, and then implemented on the X80 mobile robot units. Various experiments were conducted to test the formations under difficult obstacle scenarios. The robots successfully navigated through the obstacles as a coordinated as a team using the self-organizing and geometric formation control approaches.
19

MODEL-BASED DEVELOPMENT &VERIFICATION OF ROS2 ROBOTICAPPLICATIONS USING TIMED REBECA

Trinh, Hong Hiep January 2023 (has links)
ROS2 is an increasingly popular middleware framework for developing robotic applications. A ROS2 applicationbasically is composed of nodes that run concurrently and can be deployed distributedly. ROS2 nodes communicatewith each other through asynchronous interfaces; they reside in memory and wait to respond events that circulatearound the system during the interactions between the robot(s) and the environment. Rebeca is an actor-basedlanguage for modelling asynchronous, concurrent applications. Timed Rebeca added timing features to Rebeca todeal with timing requirements of real-time systems. The similarities in the concurrency and message-basedasynchronous interactions ofreactive nodes justify the relevance of using Timed Rebeca to assist the developmentand verification of ROS2 applications. Model-based development and model checking allow quicker prototypingand earlier detection ofsystem errors without the requirement of developing the entire real system. However, thereare challenges in bridging the gaps between continuous behaviours in a real robotic system and discrete behavioursin a model, between complex computations in a robotic system and the inequivalent programming facilities in amodelling language. There have been previous attempts in mapping Rebeca to ROS, however they could not beput into practice due to over-simplifications or improper modelling approaches. This thesis addresses the problemfrom a more systematic perspective and has been successful in modelling a realistic multiple autonomous mobilerobots system, creating corresponding ROS2 demonstration code, showing the synchronization between the modeland the program to prove the values of the model in driving development and automatic verification of correctnessproperties (freedom ofdeadlocks, collisions, and congestions). Stability of model checking results confirms designproblems that are not always detected by simulation. The modelling principles, modelling and implementingtechniques that are invented and summarized in this work can be reused for many other cases.
20

Design and development of a graphical user interface for the monitoring process of an automated guided vehicle fleet

Paul, Johanna January 2020 (has links)
Many different autonomously driving mobile robots are used for industrial transports of materials or  oods in the context of internal logistic processes because of different use cases. The problem for the users that need to monitor the robots is that each manufacturer provides its own graphical user interface (GUI) wi th different operating modes and visual designs, which requires different trainings and constant swi tching between software. Therefore, this paper shows the design and development process of a graphical user interface in the form of a web application for the monitoring process of a fleet of automated guided vehicles from different manufacturers and answers the following question: "What are the main criteria when designing a graphical user interface with high usability for the monitoring process of manufacturer-independent automa ted guided vehicle f leets?” To answer the question, existing graphical user interfaces from different manufacturers were analyzed and interviews with developers and end-users of the GUIs were conducted. Requirements were then derived, on whose basis sketching, wireframing and high-fidelity prototyping have been performed. Usability testing and a heuristic evaluation were chosen to improve the application and its usability continually. As a result, the following six main criteria could be derived that summarize the most essential points to consider when designing such a GUI: administrabi lity, adaptiveness, observability, analyzability, robot and job awareness, and intervention. / Många olika autonomt körande mobila robotar används för industriell transport av material eller varor i samband med interna logistiska processer till följd av olika användningsfall. Problemet för de användare som behöver övervaka robotarna är att varje tillverkare tillhandahåller sitt eget grafiska användargränssnitt (GUI) med olika driftsätt och visuella utformningar, vilket kräver olika  utbildningar och ständig växling mellan mjukvara. Denna uppsats visar därför design- och utvecklingsprocessen för ett grafiskt användargränssnitt i form av en webbapplikation för övervakningsprocessen för en samling av automatiserade guidade fordon från olika tillverkare, och svarar på följande fråga: "Vilka är de viktigaste kriterierna vid utformningen av ett grafiskt användargränssnitt med hög användbarhet för övervakningsprocessen av automatiserade guidade  fordonsamlingar, oboeroande av tillverkare?” För att svara på frågan analyserades befintliga grafiska användargränssnitt från olika tillverkare, samt intervjuer med utvecklare och slutanvändare av GUI:erna utfördes. Krav härleddes sedan, baserat på vilka skisser, wireframing och hifi -prototyper som har utförts. Användbarhetstest och en heuristisk utvärdering valdes för att kontinuerligt förbättra applikationen och dess användbarhet. Som ett resultat kan följande sex huvudkriterier härledas, de sammanfattar de viktigaste punkterna att tänka på när man utformar ett sådant GUI: förmåga att administrera, anpassningsförmåga, observerbarhet, analyserbarhet, robot- och jobbmedvetenhet och intervention.

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