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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Intégration de mélangeurs optoélectroniques en technologie CMOS pour la télémétrie laser embarquée haute résolution / Integration in CMOS technology of optoelectronic mixer for high resolution embedded laser range-finding systems

Moutaye, Emmanuel 17 December 2010 (has links)
La mesure de distance et la détection d'objets sont devenues essentielles dans de nombreux domaines tels que l'automobile ou la robotique, les applications médicales, les procédés industriels et agricoles, les systèmes de surveillance et de sécurité, etc. Dans le but d'améliorer les performances des dispositifs de télémétrie laser en terme de bruit et de diaphonie, une technique hétérodyne par mélange optoélectronique doit être utilisée. Par ailleurs, l'aspect système embarqué nécessite une réduction de l'encombrement et de la consommation à performances égales. L'intégration de mélangeurs optoélectroniques en technologie CMOS apporte donc une solution optimale à cette approche grâce à ses multiples avantages (intégration du circuit d'instrumentation sur la même puce, modèles bien connus, coût raisonnable, performances élevées,…). Ainsi cette thèse traitera de l'étude de mélangeurs optoélectroniques en technologie CMOS pour la télémétrie embarquée haute résolution. Le premier chapitre de ce manuscrit présente les diverses technique de mesure de distance par télémétrie laser par et justifie le choix de la télémétrie laser par déphasage ainsi que le gain en performances lié à l'hétérodynage. Le second chapitre décrit les mélangeurs électriques et optoélectroniques ainsi que les propriétés nécessaires à leur réalisation. Quelques photodétecteurs y sont présentés au vu de la possibilité de les utiliser en mélangeurs optoélectroniques et d'une intégration potentielle en technologie CMOS. Les principales contraintes liées à l'intégration en technologie CMOS de photocapteurs utilisables en mélangeurs optoélectroniques, sont exposés dans la troisième partie. Les travaux de conception et d'optimisation des structures ainsi que les phases de simulations et de test y sont détaillés. Enfin, pour valider expérimentalement les études précédentes, le dernier chapitre présente la conception d'une chaîne de mesure multivoies pour une tête de photoréception CMOS matricée pour un télémètre laser embarqué haute résolution. / Distance measurement and object detection has become essential in many fields such as automotive and robotics, medical applications, industrial processes and farming systems, surveillance and security, etc.. In order to improve the performance of laser ranging devices in terms of noise and crosstalk, an optoelectronic heterodyne technique of mixing should be used. Moreover, the aspect of embedded system requires a reduction in the size and power consumption for the same performance. The integration of optoelectronic mixers in CMOS technology will provide an optimal solution to this approach through its many advantages (integrated instrumentation circuit on the same chip, well-known models, reasonable cost, high performance, ...). Thus this thesis will focus on the study of optoelectronic mixers in CMOS technology for high resolution, embedded laser range finding systems. The first chapter of this thesis discusses the various technique of distance measurement by laser ranging and justifies the choice of phase shift technique and the gain in performance related to heterodyning. The second chapter describes the electrical and optoelectronic mixers and the properties needed to develop them. Some photodetectors are presented given the opportunity to use optoelectronic mixers and a potential integration with CMOS technology. The main constraints to the integration of CMOS photosensors used in optoelectronic mixers are set out in Part III. The work of design and optimization of structures and phases of simulations and testing are detailed. Finally, to experimentally confirm the earlier studies, the final chapter presents the design of a measuring head for a multichannel photoreceptor CMOS for a high resolution laser range finder.
12

Transport Properties of Wide Band Gap Semiconductors

Tirino, Louis 12 April 2004 (has links)
Transport Properties of Wide Band Gap Semiconductors Louis Tirino III 155 pages Directed by Dr. Kevin F. Brennan The objective of this research has been the study of the transport properties and breakdown characteristics of wide band gap semiconductor materials and their implications on device performance. Though the wide band gap semiconductors have great potential for a host of device applications, many gaps remain in the collective understanding about their properties, frustrating the evaluation of devices made from these materials. The model chosen for this study is based on semiclassical transport theory as described by the Boltzmann Transport Equation. The calculations are performed using an ensemble Monte Carlo simulation method. The simulator includes realistic, numerical energy band structures derived from an empirical pseudo-potential method. The carrier-phonon scattering rates and impact ionization transition rates are numerically evaluated from the electronic band structure. Several materials systems are discussed and compared. The temperature-dependent, high-field transport properties of electrons in gallium arsenide, zincblende gallium nitride, and cubic-phase silicon carbide are compared. Since hole transport is important in certain devices, the simulator is designed to simulate electrons and holes simultaneously. The bipolar simulator is demonstrated in the study of the multiplication region of gallium nitride avalanche photodiodes.
13

Měření rozložení optické intenzity ve vzdálené zóně / Measurement of the optical intensity distribution at the far field

Vitásek, Jan January 2009 (has links)
The topic of this master’s thesis is energy measurement of the optical intensity distribu-tion at the far field. Properties of the optical intensity and the optical power are described. In this thesis solution of wave equation is done. The plane wave, spherical wave and Gaussian beam are described. In this thesis, optical trace of laser beam from transmitter laser diode to receiver PIN photodiode is described. One of the solved problems is diffraction on the lens socket. The basic configuration for diffraction investigation on lens socket was created. There were transmitting laser diode, stop with circular apertures and PIN photodiode used in the experiment. In the other part, thesis deals with measuring and detection of the optical beam. Sorts of photodiodes and their characteristics were analysed.

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