This diploma thesis, "The knowledge of a selected group of teachers about nutrition and the influence of food on the human organism" aims to find out about the level of knowledge that the teachers of the lower secondary stage of primary schools and the corresponding years of grammar schools possess in the field of nutrition and its influence on the human organism. Nutrition is a necessary part of life and the knowledge of proper nutrition is essential for the correct function of the human organism, prevention of various diseases, etc.; nutrition in children is evidently even more important than in adults. Furthermore, nutrition helps to improve academic importance, which is why teachers should have at least some level of knowledge in this field. In the theoretical part I try to sum up the very basics of the individual areas of nutrition, including a recommended fluid intake, micronutrients and macronutrients, or the influence of nutrition on the human psyche. The research for this thesis was done via a questionnaire survey, in which 260 teachers took part. The teachers came from randomly selected schools; their contact information was all publicly available and obtained from the websites of the individual schools. The questionnaire included 25 questions altogether and, among others, it also...

Introduction: Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic metabolic disease of skeleton. It is characterized by reduced amounts of bone mass and degradation of bone tissue microarchitecture with increased chances of fractures occurring. Women after menopause are affected by lack of estrogen and therefore have increased risk of osteoporosis. Goal: The goal of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the nutritional state of women after menopause with osteoporosis (With OP) and without osteoporosis (Without OP) focusing on calcium, proteins and nutrients which are affecting gut microbiota (prebiotics and probiotics). Methods: Nutritional state was evaluated based on three-day diet analysis and questionnaire about dietary preferences. Amounts of particular nutrients in respondents diets were obtained by using web page www.kaloricketabulky.cz. Bone material densities were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: Nutritional breakdown of diets did not show any statistically significant differences in most of the cases. The only exception was protein and fiber intake, where the group without OP reported higher intake. Both sets of respondents reported higher intake of calories, fats and proteins then recommended. On the other hand, low intake of carbs, fiber, calcium and probiotics was discovered...

The research was done during 2004 {--} 2006 on ecological farm specialised for Czech white shorthaired goat. Milk production per lactation period was in 2004 390 kgs, in 2005 381 kgs. It was deeply below average. In 2006 it grew up to 678 kgs that was only little below average of 707 kgs in Czech Rep. The average day milk yield was that year 2,5 kg per goat. This breed has very low fertility in longterm. Farm match the requirements of financial health. In 2006 was the income per one goat 24 818 CZK and variable costs 17 310 CZK per goat.

The work deals with the qualitative properties of naked and hulled oats. The theoretical part includes a review of literature on botanical characteristics , use, production process and quality oats. The practical part deals with the results attempt during the years 2011 and 2012.

Diploma thesis follows the influence of organic and conventional potato management (Solanum tuberosum L.) on tuber protein content. Potato protein represents from 1/3 to {$^1\!/\!_2$} of total tuber nitrogen compound and belongs among the most valuable plant proteins - its high value is given by high level of essential amino acids. Important group of potato proteins is a patatin (complex of patatin proteins), which is considered as a major storage protein and has many important physiological functions such as antioxidant activity and function of defense system against pathogenic organisms. The aim of the the work was to determined content of crude protein, pure protein and patatin proteins representation in the total protein of potato tubers. The diploma thesis was solved using 5 potatoes varieties, 2 year{\crq}s repetition and variant of organic and conventional potato production system. The obtained data were statistically evaluated. It was found, that content of dry matter in potato tubers was significantly influenced by a year and locality of the field experiment. Crude protein content in potato tubers was significantly influenced by a year, variety and type of potato management system. The potato tubers produced under conventional and organic management contained 9.93 and 9.16 % of crude protein in dry matter, respectively. Pure protein content was significantly influenced by variety. The affect of crop management on the pure protein content was not statistically signifiant. However, slightly higher content of pure protein was evaluated in dry matter of potato tuber produced under convetional than under organic crop management resulting in average value of 4.23 and 3.86 %, respectively. Representation of pure protein in total content of nitrogen matters was significantly influenced by variety and a year of growing. Complex of patatin proteins (40-45 kDa) was detected for all of the evaluated potato varieties and variants of the field experiment. Higher number of patatin isoforms (with rather physiological function) was investigated in potato tubers from organic crop management.

This diploma thesis deals with the use of various types of bran as a by-product in the milling of cereals. Mills create a huge amount of this material per year. The most common way of processing bran is mostly incineration and to a lesser extent it is used as feed for livestock. Depending on the type of cereal, bran contains 10-20% of protein, which disappears from the food chain due to combustion. Within the framework of sustainability and valorisation of waste, which has recently been largely discussed, great emphasis is placed on waste minimization whether in the field of its production or further processing. Due to the relatively high protein content, bran appears to be a suitable starting material to produce protein supplements. Proteins can be extracted from bran based on their different solubility at different pH. In the alkaline method, the proteins are first dissolved in an alkaline pH and then precipitated in an acidic medium. Lyophilization is followed by characterization of the extract in terms of yield, protein content, moisture, amino acid profile and digestibility. The highest yield was obtained with the oat bran isolate (13,5 ± 0,6 g of isolate per 100 g of bran). In terms of protein content, the best protein isolate was also obtained from oat bran (95,2 ± 0,4% protein in the isolate). Another determination was the analysis of the amino acid profile, in which a high content of arginine was found in all analyzed protein isolates from bran. Determination of digestibility showed very good digestibility of all produced protein extracts from bran.

This master thesis deals with analysis of Czech garlic varieties in comparison with two varieties from abroad. Alliin and carbohydrates were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detector or evaporative light scattering detector. Crude proteins were calculated from total content of nitrogen that was determinated by Kjeldahl method. Elementary analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. In theoretical part of this thesis is describes botanical characterization and cultivation of garlic, chemical composition of garlic, especially groups of substances which were analysed in this thesis. Principle of used methods is described too. The experimental part of this work deals with sample and calibration solution preparation and process of analysis. Obtained results from analysed substances are summarized in the tables, discussed and compared with results of analysis of other authors. Between Czech and Spanish/Chinese garlic are slight differences. Garlics contain 24,66 g/kg dry weight of alliin. Content of crude proteins in Czech garlic is comparable to Chinese garlic but the Spanish garlic has just half of amount crude proteins. Elementary analysis also includes significant differences. Czech varieties contain higher amount of phosphorus, iron and zinc. On the contrary, content of potassium in foreign garlic is higher than in Czech Republic and the analysed amount is 15 g/kg dry weight.

A dietary supplement is a product that contains nutrients (e.g. vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids or fatty acids) intended to supplement the diet. The aim of the diploma thesis was to suggest a prescription for preparation of three types of dietary supplements which are used to reduce of climacteric symptoms, their production and determination of energetic (nutrition) value on account of detected content of proteins, fats and saccharides in dietary supplements. A part of the diploma thesis was to suggest suitable wrapping and price of prepared dietary supplements. The three dietary supplements were used for analyses, namely capsules, herb syrup and herb drops. The content of proteins was determined by Kjeldahl´s method, total fats were determined by Soxhlet extraction and saccharides were determined by titration with potassium permanganate (Bertrand´s method). Dietary supplements in form of capsules were particular analysed on content of heavy metals (lead, cadmium and arsenal). In herbal drops was in addition determined alcohol content (ethanol). There was from the measured data found out, dietary supplement in form of capsules was chosen as the product with the lowest energetic (nutrition) value.

The aim of this thesis was to design a recipe for the dietary supplements with adaptogenic effects, production, and subsequent analysis (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates), which led to the determination of the energetic value of preparation. Adaptogenic effects are the domain of plants and fungi, known as adaptogens. Adaptogens act non-specifically to the human body - improve the overall condition of the body, accelerate healing and regenerative processes, slow degenerative processes in the body and thus the aging process. As biogenic active stimulators, they affect not only in the physical but also in mental area. Dietary supplements have been designed in three different forms - capsules, syrup, drops. The analysis was also performed in tablets of Vietnamese origin supplied by supervizor, of which entry to our market is being considered. Protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method, lipids by Soxhlet extraction, saccharides by gravimetric method. Dietary supplements were analyzed for heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg), and in herbal drops ethanol content was determined.

Tomáš Křížek: Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis in Life Sciences (Dissertation thesis) ABSTRACT This thesis is focused on the applications of capillary electrophoresis in two important areas of life sciences, proteomics and enzyme assays. In the first part, Pluronic F-127 copolymer was studied as a sieving matrix for proteomic applications of capillary gel electrophoresis. The effect of thermoassociation of Pluronic F-127 on the separation selectivity was investigated and no difference in selectivity of the separation below, inside and above the thermoassociation temperature region was observed. The performance of Pluronic F-127 in capillary gel electrophoresis was compared with dextran as a commonly used sieving matrix. The results showed, that Pluronic F-127 offers superior performance for low-molecular-mass proteins because it provides higher separation power than dextran with significantly lower viscosity of the background electrolyte. The lower viscosity makes the polymer easier to replace after each analysis, which leads to remarkably higher repeatability of the experiments. On the other hand, dextran, due to its higher viscosity, was shown to be more convenient for separations of protein digests, where extremely high separation efficiency is required. The second part focuses on...