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Class of 2013 Abstract / Specific Aims: The purpose of the study is to describe the reasons for medication disposals at Take-Back-Rx events and make inferences regarding medication adherence. Methods: Participants at Take-Back-Rx were invited to complete a survey that collected information on the participants current medical conditions, associated medications, unwanted medications, and demographic information. Main Results: The majority of participants were non-Hispanic White (89.2%) on Medicare (87.8%) with at least some college education (72.1%). The mean number of reasons listed for disposal was 2.25 and the majority of medications were expired (70%) or the dose/agent changed (47%). Conclusion: This study effectively described the reasons for medication disposals at Take-Back Rx events, but applicability to further patient populations may be limited due to shortcomings of the instrument.

Intensive field observations were conducted on a small British Columbia coastal stream for two years, supplemented by laboratory rearing and experiment. Stress was placed upon possible isolating mechanisms, as outlined by Mayr, that might serve to keep the marine stickleback (trachurus) and the freshwater form (leiurus)distinct. Lelurus permanently occupies the upper reaches of the stream; trachurus is anadromous, but enters the lower reaches to breed in "pure" freshwater. Between the breeding ground of the two, where some coexistence occurs, hybridization between leiurus and trachurus is extensive, but it is restricted to very narrow zones both in Little Campbell River near Vancouver and in certain Vancouver Island streams. Morphological analysis provides firm circumstantial evidence that hybrids are plentiful and that back-crossing occurs. Hybridization is confirmed by rearing experiments in the laboratory with crosses in all combinations. Most backcrossing is to the freshwater race and this is considered in detail. Behavioural experiments demonstrated the absence of mate preference; random mating occurs with respect to ethological isolation and hybrids perform courtship and parental care activities normally. Rearing hybrids uniformly and in all conbinations demonstrated the absence of genetic incompatibility, and vigorous offspring were produced. Fertile hybrids are abundant in the wild, but the sexes are seasonally isolated from one another. Behavoiral and genetic blocks to hybridization are absent, and thus there is no means to prevent hybridization where leiurus and trachurus come together. But evidence from the field and from preference tests demonstrated that ecological isolating mechanisms are very powerful barriers to hybridization. This is enforced to some extent by partial seasonal isolation, but early spawning migrants make a major contribution to hybridization in the Little Campbell River. Several factors probably operate to cause very narrow hybrid zones in stickle-backs, including a sedentary habit, habitat preference, and hybrid inferiority outside the hybrid zone. The latter could not be detected inside the hybrid zone. The complex of Isolating mechanisms found may well produce stable hybrid zones over long periods of time, and is discussed. Reinforcement of ecological isolating mechanisms probably occurs, and Moore's criticism of the spread of reinforced genotypes would not apply in this instance. Adaptation and consequent ecological isolating mechanisms are the cause of hybrid inferiority. In this instance pre and postmating mechanisms cannot be separated, for they go hand in hand. Geographic speciation is possible but problematical, and sympatric speciation cannot be excluded as a plausible explanation of divergence between sticklebacks as a result of disruptive selection. Distributional patterns of leiurus can best be explained by repeated and independent origins from trachurus. The two forms fulfill the species definition by Mayr and remain reproductively isolated, have well developed isolating mechanisms, and show considerable genetic divergence, much of it polygenic. There is no evidence that, introgression occurs, but a reverse cline in leiurus as well as very narrow hybrid zones demonstrates that selection severely restricts gene flow. Reproductive isolation between marine and freshwater forms seems to be widespread around the hemisphere. / Science, Faculty of / Zoology, Department of / Graduate

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While a substantial number of studies exist in the medical and mental health fields reflecting the physical and psychological implications for couples with chronic back pain, studies thus far have focused on the independent perceptions of each partner. Research investigating how couples jointly perceive the impact of chronic back pain on their relationship is absent. This qualitative study explored eight couples' joint perceptions of how chronic back pain has impacted their relationship. Using thematic analysis, dominant themes to emerge included (1) relationship changes, (2) influential relationship factors, and (3) making sense of pain. Limitations of the study as well as future research and clinical implications are also discussed. / Master of Science

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The design of two passive back lift assist exoskeletons are presented in this thesis. The first exoskeleton uses carbon fiber as an energy storage medium while the second system utilizes a series system comprised of a gas spring and metal coil spring. The first exoskeleton was successfully tested long term in a warehouse environment and in laboratory experiments. From these tests and feedback from wearers several drawbacks to the design were discovered. Version two of the exoskeleton successfully addresses these concerns. / Master of Science / This document presents the designs of two lightweight passive exoskeletons. Exoskeletons are wearable devices that assist users in performing tasks that may be difficult or impossible without extra assistance. The exoskeletons developed and discussed in this thesis assist the wearer when bending or performing lifting tasks. As a user bends over or squats, energy is stored in the exoskeleton and is released when the user returns to standing. The first exoskeleton utilizes carbon fiber leaf springs to store the energy. It was successfully tested in a real-world warehouse setting and under laboratory conditions. Testing results and feedback from users led to modifications and new features which are included in the second version. The second exoskeleton uses a gas spring and coil spring in series for energy storage. It also incorporates a novel walking differential which allows users to seamlessly transition from walking to lifting.

<p>The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of a back education programme on biomechanical knowledge, back beliefs, the occurrence of LBP, disability, and work loss among employees at an industrial setting in Cape Town, South Africa. Furthermore, the study sought to determine the perceptions of back education that are held by industrial<br /> employees.</p>

<p>The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of a back education programme on biomechanical knowledge, back beliefs, the occurrence of LBP, disability, and work loss among employees at an industrial setting in Cape Town, South Africa. Furthermore, the study sought to determine the perceptions of back education that are held by industrial<br /> employees.</p>

Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio) / The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of a back education programme on biomechanical knowledge, back beliefs, the occurrence of LBP, disability, and work loss among employees at an industrial setting in Cape Town, South Africa. Furthermore, the study sought to determine the perceptions of back education that are held by industrial employees. / South Africa