The aim of this thesis was to investigate how does child's age affect the identification and categorization of audio and audio-visual recordings of dog barks expressing the emotion of anger, sadness and happiness. The key importance was in to reveal in what age is the child able to distinguish safely among dog's emotions and the situations during which the recordings were taken. Moreover, the study also researches in what age is the child able to match the typical expressions of the human's facial muscles. The study also aimed to research the influence of gender, experience with the dog and type of the recording (audio/video) on respondent's final decision. 265 children from nursery and primary schools in the age of 4 to 12 years were included in the study. The same version of the questionnaire was given to all of the respondents and every one of them evaluated identical recordings. The questionnaire and secondary material were arranged in the form of illustrations and coloured codes due to the lower age limit of children. It has been shown that age and type of emotion captured in the recording played important role when children were identifying and categorizing them. The success of correct responds was rising with the higher age of children, whereas concrete misinterpretations appeared among...

Dead wood is an important part of forest ecosystems, especially since so many organisms depend on it for nutrients or as substrate for breeding or foraging. Since forestry intensified in northern Europe during the mid 1900s, the amount of dead wood in Fennoscandian forests has drastically decreased. For wood-inhabiting organisms such as fungi, this has led to changes in the community composition with many species becoming rare and threatened by extinction. To increase the volume of dead wood, restoration actions aim to create dead wood artificially by for example prescribed burning or by ring-barking trees. In coniferous forests, artificially created dead wood is known to be colonized by many wood-inhabiting fungi, indicating that it can work as a substitute of naturally dead wood. There is, however, a shortage for similar studies in deciduous forests and especially birch dominated ones. In this study, we examine the wood-inhabiting fungal community composition on standing dead wood of birches in east central Sweden. Data was collected with single surveys of fruitbody presence on both ringbarked and naturally dead trees during late autumn. We found that there is a difference in the fungal community composition between the dead wood categories, with form groups of Corticoids and Pyrenomycetes being significantly more abundant on ring-barked birches thanon naturally dead birches. This includes species such as Stereum rugosum and Jackrogersella multiformis. A total of 41 fungal species were observed in this study, out of which 30 species were observed on ringbarked trees and 31 species observed on naturally dead trees. The most observed species was Fomes fomentarius, which appeared numerously on trees of both deadwood categories. Our results indicated that the presence of Fomes fomentarius correlate with lower foraging activity of woodpeckers. However, further research is needed to evaluate if fungal species can be used as indicators for successful restoration actions in relation to the activity of insects and foraging woodpeckers. We conclude that ring-barked birches work well as suitable substrate for many fungal species and that ring-barking as a restoration action is useful for the community of wood-inhabiting fungi.

The purpose of this project is to gain an understanding of the daily lives of nuns in an English nunnery by examining a particular prominent abbey. This study also attempts to update the history of the abbey by incorporating methods and theories used by recent historians of women's monasticism, as well as recent archaeological evidence found at the abbey site. By including specific examinations of Barking Abbey's last nuns, as well as the nuns' artistic and cultural pursuits, this thesis expands the scholarship of the abbey's history into areas previously unexplored. This thesis begins with a look at the nuns of Barking Abbey. the social status of their secular families, and how that status may have defined life in the abbey. It also looks at how Barking fit into the larger context of English women's monasticism based on the social provenance of its nuns. The analysis then turns to the nuns' daily temporal and spiritual responsibilities, focusing on the nuns' liturgical lives as well as the work required for the efficient maintenance of the house. Also covered is the relationship the abbey and its nuns had with their local lay community. This is followed by an examination of cultural activity at the abbey with discussion of books and manuscripts, music, singing, procession, and various other art forms. The final chapter examines the abbey's dissolution in 1539 under Henry VIII's religious reforms, including the dissolution's effect on some of the abbey's last nuns.

The target of the study is theoretical explaining the condition of creation of the soldered point with regard to basic and additional mat. Below, the detailed analysis of the existing technical problem and consecutive design of the solution method.Content of the study is also technological process of production of the barking knife and choice of the efficient producer.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the filmography of Korean filmmaker Bong Joon-ho [Pong Chun-ho], and to provide a limited textual analysis of each film divided across two categories: the “explicitly ecological” and “implicitly ecological”. The intent is to, by viewing all of Bong’s films leading up to his critical and commercial success Parasite, argue that Parasite is as much an environmental film as it is critical of neoliberalism and globalization, both of which are common readings of not only Parasite, but all of Bong’s work.The findings are that while Parasite avoids overt and exaggerated displays of eco-destruction visible in his Sci-fi films, the film still displays a conscious environmental awareness. The rainstorm featured in the second act of the film can be viewed not only through a local lens as an example of the dichotomy between wealthy and poor families in South Korea as it pertains to environmental crises, but as a microcosm of how climate change stands to impact the financially disenfranchised across the globe as climate shifts continue to grow. / Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka den koreanska regissören Bong Joon-hos filmografi och genom en begränsad analys av varje enstaka film, uppdelade i kategorierna ”explicit ekologiska” och ”implicit ekologiska” filmer. Avsikten är att genom en genomgång av alla Bongs filmer upp till publik och kritikersuccén Parasit argumentera för att Parasit är lika mycket en ekologisk film som den är en kritik av globalisering och neoliberalism, uppfattningar som förekommer ofta när det Bongs filmer diskuteras.Slutsatsen är att även om Parasit undviker lika storskaliga och överdrivna exempel av ekologisk förstörelse som i hans science-fictionfilmer så visar filmen fortfarande upp en ekologisk medvetenhet. Regnstormen som förekommer i filmens andra akt kan ses inte bara som ett exempel på skillnaden på hur rika och fattiga familjer i Sydkorea hanterar ekologiska kriser, men kan även tolkas som ett mikrokosm av hur klimatförändringar kommer påverka de finansiellt utsatta världen över allteftersom de förvärras.

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