Global ETD Search

21	An assessment of health facility service readiness and the quality of care provided to patients with diabetes and hypertension in Lagos State, Nigeria Banigbe, Bolanle Feyisayo 30 August 2022 (has links) BACKGROUND: More than 70% of the global premature mortality from NCDs occurs in low- and middle-income countries. These countries, including Nigeria, also have varied but mostly limited health system capacity to respond to cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Substantial gaps exist in our understanding of the subnational capacity to respond to these conditions in Nigeria. This encompasses a variety of issues, perhaps most importantly the readiness of facilities to provide care and the quality of care provided to patients with these conditions. As the Lagos State government accelerates the rollout of its mandatory state-based health insurance scheme, the number of patients with diabetes and hypertension receiving care will increase, poor management of which can threaten the scheme's financial sustainability. This mixed-methods study was conducted as part of the baseline activities of an impact evaluation of the health insurance program and was designed to answer three questions: 1) What is the capacity and readiness of health facilities in Lagos State to provide hypertension (HTN) and diabetes (DM) care? 2) What is the level of the quality of care provided to patients with HTN and DM, and how does it vary by patient and facility characteristics? 3) What are the barriers to providing diabetes and hypertension care from providers' perspectives? METHODS: The data for this study were collected using three approaches. We conducted a facility survey among public and private facilities (n=84) in Lagos State to assess facility readiness and the functionality of systems required for diabetes and hypertension care. Linear mixed-effects models were used to determine the level and factors associated with the process quality of care provided to patients in 2019 by analyzing clinical data collected via medical chart abstraction. Finally, in-depth interviews were conducted with health care providers (n=20) to explore their practices and the barriers faced in providing care to patients with diabetes and hypertension. RESULTS: The essential inputs needed for diabetes and hypertension care were mostly available; the mean HTN readiness score was 66%, and the DM readiness score was 68.9%. At the same time, systems to facilitate longitudinal care were mostly lacking; 35% had a mechanism for tracking patients who missed appointments, and 52% assigned unique patient identification numbers to NCD patients. Based on the clinical records, the quality of care provided to patients was very low; overall, patients with diabetes and hypertension received less than 30% of recommended care processes. Less than a third of the patients had their blood pressure or blood glucose controlled. There was substantial variation in the mean quality score by patient and across care processes, with lifestyle modification counseling (LSM) counseling the least likely to be delivered. According to providers, the inability to pay for laboratory tests and medications and non-compliance with medications and clinic visits are key barriers to delivery of high-quality services. Barriers at the organizational level included poorly functioning two-way referrals, non-availability of LSM counseling materials, and lack of recall and follow-up systems. CONCLUSION: While the service readiness scores for diabetes and hypertension are moderately high among these health facilities, there are critical deficits in their ability to provide long-term, integrated care of high quality to patients. Addressing these deficits will require the implementation of a comprehensive model of care co-created by providers, health system managers, patients, and insurers. Lessons can be drawn from the implementation of other chronic disease programs to kick start this process. / 2024-08-30T00:00:00Z Public health Barriers to care Diabetes and hypertension care practices Guideline adherence Process quality of care
22	The Relationship Between Sickle Cell Support Group Status and Barriers to Care as Perceived by Parents of Children with Sickle Cell Disease Nwachuku, Goldie Okechi Nwaru 01 January 2016 (has links) By examining barriers to care, health professionals can better understand what disparities exist between groups and who may be at greater risk for poor primary care. Researchers have highlighted the need for additional research that focuses on the extent of unmet needs for U.S. children with sickle cell disease (SCD). The purpose of this quantitative study was to compare the differences between parents who are in a SCD support group and those who are not. The theoretical framework of this study is based on the chronic care model and social support theory. A total of 128 parents of children with SCD completed the study survey. The sampling occurred by e-mail, phone, and face-to-face conversations. Selection criteria for potential participants in both groups were based on their children being diagnosed with SCD. Seventy-four participants (57.8%) were members of a SCD support group, and 54 participants (42.4%) were not members of a SCD support group. In this study, the independent variables were parents attending or not a SCD support group. The t test and MANCOVA was used to assessed the association between perceptions of barriers to care and support group status. However, statistical analysis showed no significant results. The null hypothesis was not rejected. Therefore, the positive social change implication is to further explore potential factors that may shape perceptions of barriers to care for those with SCD so that perceived barriers to care can be overcome. Barriers to care Health-related quality of life Parent's Perceptions of Primary Care Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Sickle cell disease Social support Public Health Education and Promotion
23	Do Long Work Hours Impede Workers’ Ability to Obtain Health Services? Yao, Xiaoxi 10 October 2014 (has links) No description available. Health Care Occupational Health Public Health
24	Exploring the Help-seeking / Helping Dynamic in Illegal Drug Use Polych, Carol 01 March 2011 (has links) Heuristic qualitative research techniques (Moustakas,1990) were used to explore the dynamic of the help-seeking / helping relationship in illegal drug use from the perspective of the professional. Six professionals, expert in helping people living with an addiction, shared their opinions and insights, analyzed problems, explained the rewards, and made recommendations for improvement, based on their own practices within the health care and social services systems. These professionals identify stigma as a major barrier to the provision of quality care in addictions, and analysis shows that a cultural predilection for scapegoating underlies the application of stigma. The many layered social purposes served by the designation of certain substances as illegal and the utility of scapegoating to hegemonic, vested interests is surveyed. This thesis reviews the true social costs of addictions, the entrenched and enmeshed nature of the alternate economy, and the many above ground institutions and professions sustained by the use of drugs designated as illegal. Prohibition and imprisonment as a response to illegal drug use is exposed as costly, inhumane, dangerous, and overwhelmingly counterproductive in terms of limiting harm from illegal drug use. A recent example of drug prohibition propaganda is deconstructed. Consideration is given to the role of the Drug War as a vehicle to accelerate social creep toward a fragmented self-disciplining surveillance society of consumer-producers in the service of economic elites. Classism is brought forward from a fractured social ground characterized by many splits: sexism, racism, age-ism, able-ism, size-ism, locationism, linguism, and others, to better track the nature of the social control that illegal drugs offer to economic elites. The moral loading that surrounds illegal drug use is deconstructed and the influence of religion is presented for discussion. The primitive roots of human understanding that endorse the ritual Drug War and its supporting mythology, leading to the demonization of illegal drugs and the people who use them, are uncovered. Direction is taken from Benner and Wrubel’s Primacy of Caring (1989) and other leaders in the professions as a means to move practitioners away from their roles as agents of social control into a paradigm of social change. addiction illegal drugs helping-seeking / helping helping relationship stigma anomie illegalization heuristic research professionalization consumerism arts-informed research Benner & Wrubel Goffman Link & Phelan Moustakas quality of care scapegoating prohibition prison harm-reduction drug propaganda drug war surveillance society classism elitism discrimination barriers to care mythology social control drug demonization teaching health care mental health infectious disease industrial disease Wittgenstein hegemony policing legalization education training power social violence institutionalized violence care attitude marginalization alienation Marx Chomsky infectious disease communicable disease 0516 0347 0627 0573 0700
25	Exploring the Help-seeking / Helping Dynamic in Illegal Drug Use Polych, Carol 01 March 2011 (has links) Heuristic qualitative research techniques (Moustakas,1990) were used to explore the dynamic of the help-seeking / helping relationship in illegal drug use from the perspective of the professional. Six professionals, expert in helping people living with an addiction, shared their opinions and insights, analyzed problems, explained the rewards, and made recommendations for improvement, based on their own practices within the health care and social services systems. These professionals identify stigma as a major barrier to the provision of quality care in addictions, and analysis shows that a cultural predilection for scapegoating underlies the application of stigma. The many layered social purposes served by the designation of certain substances as illegal and the utility of scapegoating to hegemonic, vested interests is surveyed. This thesis reviews the true social costs of addictions, the entrenched and enmeshed nature of the alternate economy, and the many above ground institutions and professions sustained by the use of drugs designated as illegal. Prohibition and imprisonment as a response to illegal drug use is exposed as costly, inhumane, dangerous, and overwhelmingly counterproductive in terms of limiting harm from illegal drug use. A recent example of drug prohibition propaganda is deconstructed. Consideration is given to the role of the Drug War as a vehicle to accelerate social creep toward a fragmented self-disciplining surveillance society of consumer-producers in the service of economic elites. Classism is brought forward from a fractured social ground characterized by many splits: sexism, racism, age-ism, able-ism, size-ism, locationism, linguism, and others, to better track the nature of the social control that illegal drugs offer to economic elites. The moral loading that surrounds illegal drug use is deconstructed and the influence of religion is presented for discussion. The primitive roots of human understanding that endorse the ritual Drug War and its supporting mythology, leading to the demonization of illegal drugs and the people who use them, are uncovered. Direction is taken from Benner and Wrubel’s Primacy of Caring (1989) and other leaders in the professions as a means to move practitioners away from their roles as agents of social control into a paradigm of social change. addiction illegal drugs helping-seeking / helping helping relationship stigma anomie illegalization heuristic research professionalization consumerism arts-informed research Benner & Wrubel Goffman Link & Phelan Moustakas quality of care scapegoating prohibition prison harm-reduction drug propaganda drug war surveillance society classism elitism discrimination barriers to care mythology social control drug demonization teaching health care mental health infectious disease industrial disease Wittgenstein hegemony policing legalization education training power social violence institutionalized violence care attitude marginalization alienation Marx Chomsky infectious disease communicable disease 0516 0347 0627 0573 0700

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