Introduction: Stroke puts a burden on the society as half of the stroke survivors have long term care needs. After six months many stroke survivors cannot independently perform basic daily life activities, which makes living independently at home challenging. Stroke survivors who received occupational therapy are more independent for those activities. As more and more stroke survivors are discharged home faster, having an insight into the continued rehabilitation in the home environment is of great importance for the future. Aim: The aim of this review was to map which occupation-based interventions occupational therapists use in home-based stroke rehabilitation with the goal to improve basic activities of daily life. Methods: A scoping review was chosen to map and to summarize the research content and to identify possible research gaps. Data for this study was systematically collected by following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. In total, six studies were obtained that met the inclusion criteria. Results: The results show that a combination of intervention strategies is used and besides Control Induced Movement Therapy the usage of activities as treatment came to the fore. Conclusion: The results lead to the conclusion that occupation-based activities are used to improve basic activities of daily life. The lack of detailed explanation of the interventions makes it difficult to implement those in daily life practice and therefore more descriptive interventions should be published to encourage evidence-based practice.

INTRODUÇÃO: O envelhecimento populacional é uma problemática para o setor saúde, que pelas suas características são mais freqüentes os processos de hospitalização, que conseqüentemente favorecem a presença de incapacidades funcionais temporais ou permanentes nos idosos, fato que não é priorizado em pacientes hospitalizados e que requer estratégias de solução visando a melhora da qualidade de vida. OBJETIVO: estudar o impacto de uma intervenção comunicativa fundamentada na concepção de Paulo Freire na capacidade funcional dos idosos, por meio de atividades básicas da vida diária (ABVD). METODOLOGIA: estudo quase-experimental em 184 pacientes, divididos em grupo controle (n=92), experimental (n=92), no hospital HGDIMP, San Luis de Potosí, México. Prévia aprovação do comitê de ética, foi aplicado o índice de Barthel por meio de entrevista para as ABVD: duas semanas antes da hospitalização, na admissão, após 48 horas da hospitalização, na alta e duas semanas depois da alta hospitalar. O instrumento \"índice de Bartel \" foi submetido a uma adaptação cultural e a uma prova piloto em 96 idosos. Foi aplicado o questionário de Pfiffer (SPMSG), validado ao espanhol, para identificar o estado cognitivo e um questionário para dados gerais e antecedentes de saúde. A intervenção comunicativa iniciou 48 horas após hospitalização e terminou duas semanas depois da alta hospitalar. Aplicaram-se estatísticas descritivas, análise multivariada de perfis, testes t de student e exato de Fisher; para tanto, foi utilizado o programa SPSS versão 13.0. RESULTADOS: A idade média dos participantes foi 70 ± 7,7 anos, 60% casados, 41,9% com ensino fundamental completo e 40,2% analfabetos.As principais causas de hospitalização foram por doenças cardiovasculares (40,2%) As co-morbidades mais freqüentes foram hipertensão arterial (49,5%) e Diabetes Mellitus (33,2%) . Antes da hospitalização 37,0% consumiam um medicamento, 25,5% consumiam dois, sendo os mais utilizados os antihipertensivos (39,1%) e hipoglicemiantes (30,4%). O nível de saúde percebido foi 50,5% para \"regular\" e 38,6% para \"bom\". Antes da hospitalização as ABVD mais afetadas foram subir e descer escadas (18,5%), tomar banho (17,4%) e todas as ABVD, de ambos os grupos apresentaram p>0,050, não apresentando diferenças significantes. Na admissão ao hospital observou-se aumento da dependência em todas as ABVD, principalmente tomar banho, vestir-se e caminhar; porém analisando as ABVD, entre os grupos controle e experimental, encontrou-se p=0,015 para caminhar e para transferência da cama para a cadeira p=0.030. Encontrou-se diferença significante entre os grupos. Após 48 de hospitalização houve recuperação das ABVD no grupo controle (media 50,1) e no grupo experimental 40,2 p=0,003; portanto, houve significância estatística. Após finalizar a intervenção, a média do grupo experimental aumentou para 90,0 e o grupo controle apresentou 67,0, p=0,001, observando-se diferenças significantes. Ao comparar os perfis médios encontrou-se p<0.001, razão pela qual conclui-se que não houve paralelismo. A média das ABVD foi maior no grupo experimental em relação ao controle. CONCLUSÕES: o presente estudo mostrou a efetividade de uma intervenção comunicativa, na melhoria da capacidade funcional em pacientes idosos hospitalizados, além de identificar fatores de risco que podem ser controlados. Considera-se que a proposta contribui na recuperação e obtenção da melhora do grau de independência dos idosos por médio de sua participação ativa. / INTRODUCTION: Population aging is a problem for the health sector. Due to its characteristics, hospitalization processes are more frequent, consequently favoring the presence of temporary or permanent disabilities in the elderly, a fact that is not prioritized in hospitalized patients and that demands solution strategies with a view to a better quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To study the impact a communication intervention based on Paulo Freire\'s conception exerts on elderly people\'s functional capacity through basic activities of daily living (ADL). METHODOLOGY: Quasi-experimental study of 184 patients, divided in a control (n=92) and experimental group (n=92), at the HGDIMP hospital in San Luis de Potosí, Mexico. After approval from the ethics committee was obtained, the Barthel index was applied to the BADL through an interview: two weeks before the hospitalization, at the time of hospitalization, after 48 hours of hospitalization, upon discharge and two weeks after discharge from hospital. The \"Barthel index\" was submitted to cultural adaptation and to a pilot test involving 96 elderly. Pfiffer\'s questionnaire was applied (SPMSG), in its version validated for Spanish, in order to identify the cognitive state, while a questionnaire was used to collect general data and health antecedents. The communication intervention started 48 hours after hospitalization and finished two weeks after discharge from hospital. Descriptive statistics and multivariate profile analyses were applied, as well as student\'s t and Fisher\'s exact test, using SPSS software version 13.0. RESULTS: The participants\' mean age was 70 ± 7.7 years, 60.0% were married, 41.9% had finished basic education and 40.2% were illiterate. The main causes of hospitalization were cardiovascular diseases (40.2%). The most frequent comorbidities were arterial hypertension (49.5%) and Diabetes Mellitus (33.2%). Before hospitalization, 37.0% used to take one and 25.5% two medications. The most frequently used drugs were antihypertensive (39.1%) and hypoglicemic agents (30.4%). The perceived health level was 50.5% for \"regular\" and 38.6% for \"good\". Before two weeks of hospitalization, the most affected BADL were climbing and moving down stairs (18.5%), bathing (17.4%) and all BADL in both groups displayed p>0.050, without significant differences. Upon hospital admission, increased dependence was observed on all BADL, mainly bathing, dressing and walking; however, when analyzing the BADL between the control and experimental groups, p=0.015 was found for walking, and p=0.030 for moving from the bed to the chair. A significant difference was found between the groups. After 48 of hospitalization, recovery of BADL was found in the control group (mean 50.1) and in the experimental group 40.2 p= 0.003; thus, statistical significance was found. After finishing the intervention, the mean of the experimental group increased to 90.0 and that of the control group to 67.0 p=0.001, observing significant differences. When comparing the mean profiles, p<0.001 was found. Therefore, it was concluded that no parallelism occurred. The mean score of BADL was higher in the experimental than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: this study showed the efficacy of a communication intervention for the improvement of functional capacity in hospitalized elderly patients, and also identified risk factors that can be controlled. The proposal contributes to the elderly people\'s recovery and achievement of a better independence level through their active participation.

INTRODUÇÃO: O envelhecimento populacional é uma problemática para o setor saúde, que pelas suas características são mais freqüentes os processos de hospitalização, que conseqüentemente favorecem a presença de incapacidades funcionais temporais ou permanentes nos idosos, fato que não é priorizado em pacientes hospitalizados e que requer estratégias de solução visando a melhora da qualidade de vida. OBJETIVO: estudar o impacto de uma intervenção comunicativa fundamentada na concepção de Paulo Freire na capacidade funcional dos idosos, por meio de atividades básicas da vida diária (ABVD). METODOLOGIA: estudo quase-experimental em 184 pacientes, divididos em grupo controle (n=92), experimental (n=92), no hospital HGDIMP, San Luis de Potosí, México. Prévia aprovação do comitê de ética, foi aplicado o índice de Barthel por meio de entrevista para as ABVD: duas semanas antes da hospitalização, na admissão, após 48 horas da hospitalização, na alta e duas semanas depois da alta hospitalar. O instrumento \"índice de Bartel \" foi submetido a uma adaptação cultural e a uma prova piloto em 96 idosos. Foi aplicado o questionário de Pfiffer (SPMSG), validado ao espanhol, para identificar o estado cognitivo e um questionário para dados gerais e antecedentes de saúde. A intervenção comunicativa iniciou 48 horas após hospitalização e terminou duas semanas depois da alta hospitalar. Aplicaram-se estatísticas descritivas, análise multivariada de perfis, testes t de student e exato de Fisher; para tanto, foi utilizado o programa SPSS versão 13.0. RESULTADOS: A idade média dos participantes foi 70 ± 7,7 anos, 60% casados, 41,9% com ensino fundamental completo e 40,2% analfabetos.As principais causas de hospitalização foram por doenças cardiovasculares (40,2%) As co-morbidades mais freqüentes foram hipertensão arterial (49,5%) e Diabetes Mellitus (33,2%) . Antes da hospitalização 37,0% consumiam um medicamento, 25,5% consumiam dois, sendo os mais utilizados os antihipertensivos (39,1%) e hipoglicemiantes (30,4%). O nível de saúde percebido foi 50,5% para \"regular\" e 38,6% para \"bom\". Antes da hospitalização as ABVD mais afetadas foram subir e descer escadas (18,5%), tomar banho (17,4%) e todas as ABVD, de ambos os grupos apresentaram p>0,050, não apresentando diferenças significantes. Na admissão ao hospital observou-se aumento da dependência em todas as ABVD, principalmente tomar banho, vestir-se e caminhar; porém analisando as ABVD, entre os grupos controle e experimental, encontrou-se p=0,015 para caminhar e para transferência da cama para a cadeira p=0.030. Encontrou-se diferença significante entre os grupos. Após 48 de hospitalização houve recuperação das ABVD no grupo controle (media 50,1) e no grupo experimental 40,2 p=0,003; portanto, houve significância estatística. Após finalizar a intervenção, a média do grupo experimental aumentou para 90,0 e o grupo controle apresentou 67,0, p=0,001, observando-se diferenças significantes. Ao comparar os perfis médios encontrou-se p<0.001, razão pela qual conclui-se que não houve paralelismo. A média das ABVD foi maior no grupo experimental em relação ao controle. CONCLUSÕES: o presente estudo mostrou a efetividade de uma intervenção comunicativa, na melhoria da capacidade funcional em pacientes idosos hospitalizados, além de identificar fatores de risco que podem ser controlados. Considera-se que a proposta contribui na recuperação e obtenção da melhora do grau de independência dos idosos por médio de sua participação ativa. / INTRODUCTION: Population aging is a problem for the health sector. Due to its characteristics, hospitalization processes are more frequent, consequently favoring the presence of temporary or permanent disabilities in the elderly, a fact that is not prioritized in hospitalized patients and that demands solution strategies with a view to a better quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To study the impact a communication intervention based on Paulo Freire\'s conception exerts on elderly people\'s functional capacity through basic activities of daily living (ADL). METHODOLOGY: Quasi-experimental study of 184 patients, divided in a control (n=92) and experimental group (n=92), at the HGDIMP hospital in San Luis de Potosí, Mexico. After approval from the ethics committee was obtained, the Barthel index was applied to the BADL through an interview: two weeks before the hospitalization, at the time of hospitalization, after 48 hours of hospitalization, upon discharge and two weeks after discharge from hospital. The \"Barthel index\" was submitted to cultural adaptation and to a pilot test involving 96 elderly. Pfiffer\'s questionnaire was applied (SPMSG), in its version validated for Spanish, in order to identify the cognitive state, while a questionnaire was used to collect general data and health antecedents. The communication intervention started 48 hours after hospitalization and finished two weeks after discharge from hospital. Descriptive statistics and multivariate profile analyses were applied, as well as student\'s t and Fisher\'s exact test, using SPSS software version 13.0. RESULTS: The participants\' mean age was 70 ± 7.7 years, 60.0% were married, 41.9% had finished basic education and 40.2% were illiterate. The main causes of hospitalization were cardiovascular diseases (40.2%). The most frequent comorbidities were arterial hypertension (49.5%) and Diabetes Mellitus (33.2%). Before hospitalization, 37.0% used to take one and 25.5% two medications. The most frequently used drugs were antihypertensive (39.1%) and hypoglicemic agents (30.4%). The perceived health level was 50.5% for \"regular\" and 38.6% for \"good\". Before two weeks of hospitalization, the most affected BADL were climbing and moving down stairs (18.5%), bathing (17.4%) and all BADL in both groups displayed p>0.050, without significant differences. Upon hospital admission, increased dependence was observed on all BADL, mainly bathing, dressing and walking; however, when analyzing the BADL between the control and experimental groups, p=0.015 was found for walking, and p=0.030 for moving from the bed to the chair. A significant difference was found between the groups. After 48 of hospitalization, recovery of BADL was found in the control group (mean 50.1) and in the experimental group 40.2 p= 0.003; thus, statistical significance was found. After finishing the intervention, the mean of the experimental group increased to 90.0 and that of the control group to 67.0 p=0.001, observing significant differences. When comparing the mean profiles, p<0.001 was found. Therefore, it was concluded that no parallelism occurred. The mean score of BADL was higher in the experimental than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: this study showed the efficacy of a communication intervention for the improvement of functional capacity in hospitalized elderly patients, and also identified risk factors that can be controlled. The proposal contributes to the elderly people\'s recovery and achievement of a better independence level through their active participation.