Syftet med föreliggande studie är att kartlägga vilka behandlingsmodeller som finns för män som utövar våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer och vilka effekter de mest vanligt förekommande behandlingsinsatserna har. Vidare är syftet att undersöka behandlingsmodellernas teoretiska grundantaganden och behandlingsinnehåll. Föreliggande studie genomförs som en litteraturstudie där kunskaper om behandlingsmodeller för våldsutövande män i nära relation sammanställs. Studiens resultat visar att de behandlingsmodeller som är mest vanligt förekommande är Emerge, The Duluth Model, Change och ATV (Alternativ till våld). Utvärderingar visar att de flesta behandlingsmodeller uppvisar små men signifikanta effekter och att återfall av våldsbrott minskar på kort sikt. Studier lyfter dock upp frågan kring de svårigheter som finns i samband med att utvärdera behandlingsprogram. / The purpose of this study is to identify which treatment models that are available for men who use violence against women in intimate relationships and the effects of the most commonly used treatment interventions. The further aim is to examine the theoretical assumptions and processing content of treatment models. The present study was conducted as a literature review where knowledge about treatment models for violent men in intimate relationships are compiled. Our results demonstrate that the treatment models that are most commonly used are Emerge, The Duluth Model, Change and ATV (Alternatives to Violence). Evaluations show that most treatment models exhibit small but significant effects and recurrence of violent crime decreases in the short term. Research highlights, however problems about the difficulties associated with evaluating treatment programs.

The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of batters containing various flour types and frying methods on physical and chemical properties of chicken fingers. To determine the effects of different flour types, 30 % of the corn and wheat flour mix in control batter was replaced with chickpea, rice or soy flours. Frying was performed in microwave oven at 365 W (70 %) power level and at 180&amp / #61617 / 1&deg / C for different times. Samples were also fried in a conventional fryer at 180&amp / #61617 / 1&deg / C for comparison. The properties that were measured were coating pick-up and moisture content, oil content, color, hardness, porosity and acrylamide content of fried samples. In addition, microstructural analysis of batters and temperature distribution of fried samples during cooling were performed. Moisture content of chicken fingers decreased whereas the darkness, porosity and hardness of samples increased with increasing microwave frying time. Using microwaves decreased frying time by 70 %. Samples fried for 1.5 min using microwave provided similar moisture and oil contents in the coating part as compared to conventionally fried ones for 5min. However, the chicken part of microwave fried sample had lower moisture content. Lighter colored samples with higher porosity and lower hardness values were obtained with microwave frying. In microwave frying, soy flour addition to batter formulation decreased the moisture loss and oil absorption as compared to control by 19.3% and 20.7%, respectively. The lowest hardness, the highest porosity and oil content were obtained with the addition of chickpea flour. Flour type was not found to be effective on acrylamide content. Microwave frying provided lower acrylamide content as compared to those fried conventionally for all types of flours. The reduction in acrylamide level was the highest (34.5%) for rice flour containing batter. Color parameters of chicken fingers were not found to be a reliable indicator of acrylamide levels. Different types of frying method and flours used in batter formulation resulted in differences in the microstructure of fried batter. Variations in internal temperature distribution during cooling increased with frying time in both microwave and conventional frying. The sample fried in microwave oven for 1.5 min had a more nonuniform temperature distribution.

Although there is extensive research on children’s exposure to intimate partner violence and its impacts, there is very little information available with respect to how child protection workers assess the risks posed to children by the negative parenting associated with battering and how these workers intervene to protect children. This case study therefore sought to understand how child protection workers accounted for the parenting of men who batter in their assessments of child safety and in their service plans. It explores in detail how mothers and child protection workers conceptualize and describe the parenting attitudes and behaviours of the men who came to the attention of MCFD due to battering, how protection workers assessed children’s safety in light of the parenting behaviours and examines the types of child welfare responses or interventions that were utilized in order to deal with these challenges. Results show that despite the level of understanding on the part of the child protection workers’ with regard to the links between the perpetration of intimate partner violence and negative parenting approaches, these fathers’ parenting was largely overlooked in the child safety assessment and service delivery plans. Thus, it is recommended that child welfare policies draw robust links between the perpetration of intimate partner violence and negative parenting approaches and provide child protection workers with the safety assessment tools and clear direction to assess the parenting behaviours of fathers who batter their children’s mothers. / Graduate

The use of inclined piles is an efficient way to handle horizontal forces in constructions. However, if the soil settles the structural bearing capacity of each pile is reduced because of induced bending moments in the pile. There are several reasons for a soil to settle, e.g. if an embankment is built on top of a clay settlements will occur. There is currently no validated method in Sweden to analyse horizontal loading from a settling soil. In the current report a non-linear 3D finite element model is validated by a previously conducted field test and the results are compared to three different beam-spring foundations. These consist of a standard model where a subsoil reaction formulation is used, a model where the soil is considered as a distributed load, and a model with a wedge type of failure. Furthermore, a parametric study is conducted for a cohesionless material where the weight and friction angle of the soil material is varied. The standard soil reaction model yields an induced bending moment almost three times larger than the one obtained from the field test and the two other calculation methods. The latter beam-spring models should therefore be considered in practical design. These findings imply that inclined piles can be used in a far greater extent than previously expected, hence decreasing the cost for the project. / Användning av lutande pålar är ett väldigt effektivt sätt att ta hand om horisontalkrafter i konstruktioner. Om marken omkring pålen sätter sig orsakas ett böjmoment i pålen som sänker den strukturella bärförmågan av pålen. För närvarande finns ingen validerad metod i Sverige för att beräkna storleken av den horisontella kraften som orsakas av sättningarna. I den här studien har en ickelinjär 3D-FEM modell validerats mot ett tidigare utfört fullskaleförsök, dessa resultat har därefter jämförts mot tre olika 2D-diskretiseringar. Den första modellen som beskrivs är den som idag används vid påldimensioneringar. De två andra modellerna är baserade på en annan brottmekanism i påltoppen där jorden istället för en fjädermodell utgörs av en utbredd last med två olika formuleringar. Vidare har en parametrisk studie utförts med en friktionsjord där vikten och friktionsvinkeln på jordmaterial varierats. Den nuvarande 2D-diskretiseringen ger ett böjmoment i pålen som är närmare tre gånger större än det i fältförsöket uppmätta och de två föreslagna beräkningsmodellerna. Ett böjmoment så stort att pålens kapacitet teoretiskt blir obefintlig enligt nuvarande beräkningsmodell.

A reexamination of John Donne's Holy Sonnet “Batter my heart,” especially one looking at the sonnet's relationship to Early Modern rhetoric, is long overdue. In this paper, I hope to show that a focus on Donne's relationship to Early Modern rhetoric yields several useful new insights. I argue specifically that Donne was probably exposed to Non-Ramist rhetorical methods and theory at many points in his education, from his childhood to his college years to his years at the Inns of Court. Furthermore, Non-Ramist rhetoric has moral implications, suggesting that aspects of an author's feelings, character, and desires can be analyzed by looking at the writer's rhetorical choices in relation to a specific audience in a specific situation. After discussing Donne's rhetorical education, I will look at how the rhetorical decisions of the poetic speaker in Donne's “Batter my heart” reveal his opinions of God and develop his attitudes toward God over the course of the poem. Indeed, the poetic speaker uses rhetoric that exerts power back on him, causing him to change: whereas at the beginning of the poem the poetic speaker thinks he controls his relationship with God, at the end he sees himself as God's humble subject. Ultimately, the poetic speaker's feelings of utter separation from God at the end of the poem actually yield a sense that he has found God and has gained a sense of awe surrounding the Divine.