The Battle of Thermopylae in 480 B.C. is an event of Greek history that has inspired numerous subsequent receptions. Many of these later ‘receptions’ of the battle have been studied in varying degrees of detail by scholars over the years, however certain periods, or modes of reception have been ignored or neglected in this scholarship. In this dissertation I examine some of these neglected areas of research. These areas include: the uses and abuses of the Battle of Thermopylae in contemporary popular culture. In this section I focus primarily on Frank Miller’s graphic novel 300 (1998/9), as well as Zack Snyder’s 2006 film of the same name. Secondly I focus on a ‘national’ response to the ‘Thermopylae theme’, in which I consider its use in South Africa. I narrow my focus to examine its use as a motif in the poetry of the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879. Finally I explore how the Battle of Thermopylae was employed by writers of children’s literature in the Victorian period, where I delimit my discussion to Caroline Dale Snedeker’s The Coward of Thermopylae (1911), as well as Andrew Lang’s short story: ‘The Spartan Three Hundred’ in The True Story Book (1893). These categories cover films, graphic novels, poetry as well as fiction and non-fiction for children. Yet despite being disparate categories, each of these periods, places or genres maintains the ‘kernel’ of the story of Thermopylae: a few, brave Greeks who fought for freedom against the countless Persians invading their land. At the same time different elements of the story are exploited to highlight various issues important in the different contexts and periods. It is my hope that this thesis will not only play a role in researching these lesser known appropriations and adaptations of the Battle of Thermopylae, but that it will also ‘break boundaries’ in the field of reception studies within the discipline of Classics. / Theses (M.A)-University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, 2009.

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Föräldrakoordination är en barnfokuserad alternativ konfliktlösningsmetod som praktiserats i Sverige sedan 2009. Denna intervjustudie har undersökt separerade föräldrars upplevelse av att få stöd i sitt föräldrasamarbete av en föräldrakoordinator. Intervjuer har genomförts med sju föräldrar som haft insatsen föräldrakoordinator under minst sex månader. Samtliga deltagande föräldrar har flera års erfarenhet av svårlösta konflikter med den andra föräldern och har tidigare provat andra former av konfliktlösningsinsatser. Resultaten visar att föräldrarna upplevt metoden som hjälpsam när det gäller att öka samarbetsförmågan, sänka konfliktnivån och förbättra barnens mående. Flertalet av de intervjuade föräldrarna beskriver att de upplevt att det framförallt varit hjälpsamt att få stöd med att strukturera kommunikationen dem emellan. Att ha tillgång till mer information om de gemensamma barnen har förbättrat såväl föräldraskapet som relationen till barnet. Att slippa sitta i gemensamma samtal, att få göra skriftliga överenskommelser och att föräldrakoordinatorn haft ett tydligt barnfokus i samtalen tas också upp som hjälpsamt. Föräldrarna beskriver att det för att nå dessa resultat är viktigt att föräldrakoordinatorn kan förhålla sig neutral i konflikten. / Parenting Coordination is a child-focused alternative dispute resolution approach practiced in Sweden since 2009. In this interview study separated parents experience of being supported in their parental cooperation by a parenting coordinator have been examined. Interviews have been conducted with seven parents who have had a Parenting Coordinator for at least six months. All participating parents have had several years of experience in an intractable conflict with the other parent, and has previously tried other forms of dispute solving measures. The results show that most parents have experienced that the method has been helpful when it comes to improving co-parenting skills, reducing conflict and improving the well-being of their children. The interviewed parents state that it has been most helpful to get support in structuring the communication with the other parent. Some say that having access to more information regarding common children improves parenting as well as the parent-child relationship. Not having to sit together in shared dialogue, getting help to make written agreements and the Parenting Coordinator having a clear child-focus in meetings are also addressed as helpful. Parents describe that in order to achieve said results it is important that the parenting-coordinator can remain neutral in the conflict.

“Hostages in Old English Literature” examines the various roles that hostages have played in Anglo-Saxon texts, specifically focusing on the characterization of Æscferth in The Battle of Maldon. Historical context is considered in order to contextualize behavioral expectations that a 10th century Anglo-Saxon audience might have held. Since the poem was composed during the reign of Æthelred the Unready, an examination of hostages and incidents recorded in The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle during his rule helps ground a socio-cultural approach. Furthermore, since Æscferth is among only a handful of named hostages in Old English literature, these other hostages have been analyzed and compared with him in order to further contextualize the hostage character. These hostages have been identified based on a broadened concept of the term “hostage” to include the social expectations of a medieval stranger. Through a consideration of these other hostages, a continuum for changing hostage loyalty emerges and reflects the evolving warrior ethics at the end of the 10th century. Based on the presented evidence, this thesis concludes that Æscferth, as a hostage, best symbolizes The Battle of Maldon’s call for English unity at the end of the 10th century.

This thesis examined the movements of Rufus King's Federal division during a portion of the Second Manassas Campaign. With an emphasis on the role of John Gibbon's brigade, this study concentrated on the battle fought on the evening of August 28, 1862 near Groveton, Virginia between King's division and two Confederate divisions under Stonewall Jackson. Events leading up to file battle, poor cooperation between the Union generals and the faulty deployment by Jackson were stressed, as was the severity of the fighting.The withdrawal of King's division following the battle was portrayed as an important strategic error which allowed the two wings of the Confederate army to unite the following day. Although the Union troops fought Jackson's larger force to a draw, poor leadership by the Union generals resulted in tide loss of the advantages gained by the fighting. The Battle at Brawner Farm was an important event in the campaign, although it has generally been overlooked by historians.

This thesis has examined the military career of a nineteenth century English peer, the seventh Earl of Cardigan, from his early years as a cavalry officer, moments of personal and national controversy surrounding his methods of command, and his military activities during the Crimean War of 1854-1856. A detailed study has been made of Lord Cardigan’s military service as a cavalry commander and the controversy concerning his command, especially in regard to the Crimean War, his leadership as commander of the Light Brigade, and the events that took place during the Battle of Balaclava October 25, 1854.

This thesis examines Protestant unionist commemorations of the Battle of the Somme in Northern Ireland during a phase in which they exhibited marked popularity and politicization. Filling a gap in the scholarship and building upon it, this thesis pays closer attention to the historical context and development of these commemorations and takes into account a broader swath of forms and locations of commemoration. It argues that, in the face of the perceived threat of Irish unification posed by the Anglo-Irish Agreement in 1985, unionists employed the memory of the Somme as a political tool on two different but overlapping fronts. On one front, they used it against their collective opponents, who supported or supposedly supported Irish unification. On a second front, conflicting groups within the unionist community, namely unionist politicians, Orangemen, Protestant youths, and loyalist paramilitaries, interpreted the Somme differently to satisfy their partisan agendas. Analyzing Somme commemoration at the Belfast cenotaph, in parades, and in murals, this thesis provides explanations for why the Somme was remembered differently in various mediums and locales of commemoration, with particular attention to the differing degrees and manners in which Protestant commemorators recognized the Catholic contribution in the Somme campaign. / Department of History

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2010. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iii, 55 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 52-55).

Thesis (Honors)--College of William and Mary, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-101). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.M.A.S.) -- U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 1985. / "85-3245." Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-155). Available electronically via the Combined Arms Research Digital Library.