Thesis (M.A.)--Liberty University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Cleveland State University, 2008. Thesis (M.S.)--Cleveland State University, 2008. / Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jan. 13, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 37). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center. Also available in print.

Univ., Magisterarbeit, 2008--Frankfurt (Main).

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to better understand the reasons as to why upper secondary school students use ChatGPT, how history teachers are dealing with this technology and how these developments will affect the history subject. This was done via a survey for students at a upper secondary school in Gothenburg, Sweden, and semi-structured interviews with two teachers at the same school. The main theoretical lens of this research was based on Jean Baudrillard’s theory on simulation, simulacra and hyperreality. This to gain an understanding on how this usage of ChatGPT can be understood and analyzed. What the results show is that a majority of students that partook in this survey have used ChatGPT in their schooling. Why they used it differs, but amongst them a plurality of them saw it as something akin to Google but more effective and targeted. The interviews showed that that history teachers sees difficulties in the future to properly assess students’ abilities on written assignments, and that the fundamentals of the history subjects are at risk. What is sought after is clearer guidelines, and a cross-societal response to these developments.

No description available.

This dissertation uses the case of Jean Baudrillard to argue that successful critics must consider rhetorical method as it relates to theory. Throughout this dissertation, I follow Edwin Black in using the term rhetorical method to describe the procedures a rhetor uses to guide composition. The project's two main goals are, first, to demonstrate how rhetorical method can serve as a foundation for worthwhile criticism, and, second, to outline a Baudrillardian rhetoric. In order to meet these goals, I perform close readings of Baudrillard's oeuvre alongside a wide range of sources, including critical writings, classical works, analogic photographs, contemporary texts, and recent obituaries. Chapter one introduces my project and the concept of rhetorical method through an anecdote, which compares the later paintings of Andy Warhol to the writings of Jean Baudrillard. Next, I define rhetorical method and distinguish it from the concepts of critical method and rhetorical object. Then, I reveal the importance of rhetorical method in criticism by reviewing three cross-disciplinary interpretations of Baudrillardian rhetoric. I analyze each interpretation according to its argumentative strength, its treatment of rhetorical method, and its engagement with Baudrillard's reputation as a cross-disciplinary, postmodern rhetor. I argue that rhetorical method asks critics to reconsider the foundations of their interpretive claims. To conclude, I analyze one of Baudrillard's own essays that treats Warhol, assessing the degree to which Baudrillard critically engages with Warhol's rhetorical method. Chapter two demonstrates that understanding rhetorical method opens up new understandings of rhetors and their rhetoric, by critically engaging Jean Baudrillard's dominant rhetorical method: exchange. Baudrillardian exchange radically revises the conventional rhetorical paradigm (to the exclusion of audience) and relies upon the perpetual movement between two agonistic theories of language: (1) the materialist theory—appearance, production, meaning-making; (2) the anti-materialist theory—disappearance, seduction, meaning-challenging. Baudrillard metaphorically describes exchange as a two-sided game and often embraces the anti-materialist theory of language in his writing and photography in order to challenge the materialist theory of language. After providing examples from his aphoristic writing and his analogic photography, I show how Baudrillard mobilizes disappearance as a move in service of his rhetorical method by analyzing one of his last works: Why Hasn't Everything Already Disappeared? I argue that, in this text, Baudrillard's rhetorical move of disappearance shifts in accordance with the posthumanist turn in thought, but his rhetorical method of exchange remains consistent with his earlier works. Chapter three deploys exchange as a critical method by generalizing and extending this rhetorical method as an interpretive framework that can be applied to texts other than Baudrillard's own. Specifically, I show how Isocrates's Antidosis is successful in its creation of an ambivalent rhetorical space—a space that upends convention, dissolves logics, and ruptures values—and how James Frey's A Million Little Pieces is unsuccessful. In sum, my analysis of these two texts, one classical and one controversial, considers the ability of each text and its surrounding paratexts to challenge the meaning-making system and break with convention. My analysis further positions Baudrillardian rhetoric as a sophistic rhetoric that offers recourse to rhetors, such as Isocrates or Frey, who momentarily occupy the weaker side of the argument. Yet beyond forwarding a strong counterargument, the attention that Baudrillardian exchange pays to value systems proves a framework that is particularly amenable to questions of the public good. Chapter four offers a metacritical commentary on the use of Baudrillardian rhetoric as a critical method as well as on the construction of Baudrillard as a rhetorical theorist. Focusing on the relationship between method and theory in rhetorical criticism, I argue that rhetorical criticism is a productive enterprise and that existing explanations of this enterprise are insufficient because they abandon method. To better explain the method and theory dynamic that produces rhetorical criticism, I turn to Baudrillard's work on the model and the series in The System of Objects. After demonstrating method's affinity with the model and theory's affinity with the series, I argue that the distinction between the model and the series is a rhetorical distinction. With that distinction in mind, I offer a metacritical commentary about the ways in which rhetorical scholars have treated Baudrillard's writing and constructed him as a rhetorical theorist. To conclude my discussion, I turn to Baudrillard's own critical commentary about his rhetoric as it relates to his notion of the simulacrum. Analyzing his discussion of "the rhetoric of simulation" in The Perfect Crime, I argue that Baudrillard was indeed a rhetorical theorist in the most robust sense, since he engages with both theory and method. Chapter five argues that critics should consider rhetorical method to be as important to rhetoric as ethos. To support this argument, I examine two instances of criticism which involved unflattering obituaries and their responses: Jonathan Kandell's 2004 obituary of Jacques Derrida and Carlin Romano's 2007 obituary of Jean Baudrillard. I, first, analyze these obituaries in accordance with a conventional understanding of rhetoric as representation and, second, in accordance with each theorist's rhetorical method. While conventional responses to these obituaries could repudiate them for their negative tones and nasty messages, I contend that both theorists actually sanction these admittedly distasteful texts. In other words, the unconventional approaches of both rhetorical theorists to writing—namely, the Derridian différance and the Baudrillardian fatal strategies—seem to endorse the respective obituaries. I argue that these obituaries further suggest two new models of obituary writing, both of which are grounded in revised understandings of poststructuralist epideictic rhetoric: (1) a Derridian model that exposes the inadequacy of the contextual component of epideictic rhetoric; and, (2) A Baudrillardian model that revises the relationship between epideictic rhetoric and the value contemporary society places upon vitality. In my conclusion, I propose a methodological definition of rhetoric: Rhetoric is the meeting of two methods. As I argue, this definition of rhetoric is not only grounded in the history of rhetorical studies but it also possesses much potential in contemporary times. As contemporary rhetorical studies emerges as an interdisciplinary endeavor, this methodological definition of rhetoric will allow rhetoricians to explain what rhetorical studies actually studies and how those studies are conducted. It will allow rhetorical critics to bracket the questions that forestall the study of rhetoric and explore a variety of methodological interstices. This definition can further imbue rhetorical studies with a research status tied to method that it has so desperately sought at certain historical junctures. / Ph. D.

This paper explores the relationality between Modernism and Postmodernism as well as between literature and theory by examining the works of two writers: master novelist William Faulkner, and high priest of Postmodernism, Jean Baudrillard. Specifically, this paper examines Faulkner's eleventh novel—the oft-neglected If I Forget Thee, Jerusalem—as a proto-postmodern text which, when examined by the light of Baudrillard's theory of simulacra and simulations, informs the transition from Modernism to Postmodernism. This paper treats each author's work as a lens through which to view the other. The result is both a re-vision of Faulkner's social philosophy and a re-examination of the epistemic break that separates Faulkner's philosophy from that of Baudrillard. / Master of Arts

Résumé en français : Ce projet s’intéresse à la fois aux œuvres et à la théorie de l’écrivain-artiste Tom McCarthy, précisément en analysant ses livres Remainder (2005), Men in Space (2007), C (2010), et Satin Island (2015), ainsi que ses œuvres théoriques, Tintin and the Secret of Literature (2006) et Typewriters, Bombs, Jellyfish : Essays (2017). Son rapport avec certains styles littéraires d’avant-garde et de modernisme a provoqué des analyses qui l’ont rendu explicit à travers les accueils critiques au sein de et en dehors du monde universitaire, et également a travers ses propres œuvres de théorie. Toutefois, cette analyse de McCarthy prend comme point de vue l’angle de Jean Baudrillard et son regard postmoderne et critique culturel. On a suggéré que les œuvres de McCarthy rejettent le sujet traditionnel du roman moderne et de ce fait éviter les résolutions de l’ordre idéologique ou structurelle, ce qui permet l’émergence de nouvelles façons subjectives. C’est l’affirmation de ce travail que l’éthique et l’esthétique du choix de McCarthy, le refus et l’absence du sujet, sont en fait des expressions d’une positivité et passivité relevant de leurs origines d’une idéologie qui est purement bourgeoise. La première partie s’engage à explorer les conditions du temps, de l’espace, et du destin individuel dans les romans, afin de les lier aux conditions postmodernes. Ces conditions-ci facilitent l’analyse, dans la deuxième partie de ce mémoire, d’une série des styles littéraires et « formalisms », ce qui simule la présence d’un sujet « absent » dans les romans. Avec un regard visé sur la notion de Symbolisme, de l’« a-signification » et de la mélancolie en tant que repère littéraire d’une subjectivité absente, cette deuxième partie élabore l’esthétique de l’absence (d’un perspectif linguistique et technologique), développant l’essentiel de la notion d’une présence simulée. La troisième partie réunit, a travers l’ironie et le personnage mythique du farceur, les conditions et l’esthétique de ce sujet absent sous la formed’une vision d’éthique cyclique, plutôt qu’infini ou discriminatoire, et c’est cette éthique qui produit à la fois la capacite d’un défi mortel et le plaisir de la conformité en même temps.Mots-clés en français : Tom McCarthy, roman, Baudrillard, éthique, esthétique, communication de masse, le postmoderne, absence / Résumé en anglais : This study engages with the novels and theory of the English author and artist Tom McCarthy, specifically the novels Remainder (2005), Men in Space (2007), C (2010) and Satin Island (2015), as well as his works of theory, Tintin and the Secret of Literature (2006) and Typewriters, Bombs, Jellyfish: Essays (2017). McCarthy’s literary connection to certain brands of avant-garde modernism has been analysed and made explicit both through their critical reception inside and outside of academia, and through McCarthy’s own works of theory. However, in this study McCarthy’s literary oeuvre is engaged with through the lens of Jean Baudrillard’s particular brand of postmodernity and cultural criticism. It has been suggested that McCarthy’s novels reject the traditional subject of the modern novel, and as such avoid turning to ideological or structural resolutions, leaving open the space for new modes of subjectivity to emerge. It is the contention of this study that the ethics and aesthetics of this refusal and absence are in fact expressions of a specifically bourgeois ideological positivity and passivity. The first section serves to approach the conditions of time, space and individual destiny in the novels, relating these to the conditions of postmodernity. These conditions serve to foster, in the second section of the study, a series of literary modes and formalisms that simulate the presence of the ‘absent subject’ in the novels. Looking specifically at Symbolism, a-signification and melancholy as literary markers of an absent subjectivity, this second section elaborates on the aesthetics of absence (linguistic and technological) that are essential to this mode of simulated presence. The third section brings together, through the figure of irony and the mythic trickster figure, the conditions and aesthetics of this absent subject in the form of a mode of ethics that is cyclical, as opposed to infinite or discriminatory, and which produces both the capacity for fatal challenge and the pleasure of conformity at once.Mots-clés en anglais: Tom McCarthy, the novel, Baudrillard, ethics, aesthetics, mass communication, postmodernity, absence.

Darbe analizuojama J. Baudrillardo filosofija, fundamentalios problemos, iškylančios medijoms radikaliai transformavus šiuolaikinę visuomenę. / In the study we analyse Baudrillard's philosophy, Problematics of the study lies on media analysis and transformation of the society.