Dieser Beitrag setzt sich mit der Figur des R. Hanania ben Dosa auseinander. / This article deals with the figure of the wife of R. Hanania ben Dosa.

Texte remanié d'une partie de: MA Diss.--Hebrew literature--Jerusalem--Hebrew university, 1998. / Introd. en anglais ; textes et commentaires en hébreu. Index.

Thèse de doctorat : Littérature française : Rennes 2 : 2009. Thèse de doctorat : Littérature française : Roumanie, Université de Craiova : 2009. / Thèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran titre. Bibliogr. p. 294-311. Index des noms. Annexes.

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This dissertation is a contribution to the fields of the history of the Hebrew book and early modern Jewish cultural history. It is a study of Sefer Ḥasidim, a text that originated in the medieval Rhineland, in its first two printed editions (of 1538 and 1581, respectively). By analyzing these editions closely, and by comparing them to their manuscript antecedents, it is possible to determine how the work of printing changed Sefer Ḥasidim and how printing shaped readers’ understanding of the text. These investigations advance the argument that the printing of Hebrew books was a creative act, not merely a process of reproduction and dissemination. Like all creative productions, moreover, these editions can be read as witnesses to the particular social and cultural contexts from which they emerged—in this case, a period of upheaval in Jewish life and European society. Moreover, the varied cast of characters who produced these editions—printers, editors, proofreaders, press workers, among others—were influenced by commercial, intellectual and religious interests unique to the sixteenth century and to Italy. These interests left their mark on the texts of Sefer Ḥasidim that emerged from their presses (in the form of censorship and emendations), as well as their associated paratexts (e.g. prefaces, tables of contents and introductions). Part one of this dissertation focuses on the first printed edition of Sefer Ḥasidim, produced by a group of Jewish silk entrepreneurs who called themselves “the partners” in the city of Bologna. It contains two chapters. Chapter one examines who the partners were and their social position within Bolognese Jewry, as well as the legal and institutional framework that regulated the production of Hebrew books in Bologna. Chapter two is a close reading of their edition of Sefer Ḥasidim and a comparison to the extant Sefer Ḥasidim manuscripts. This chapter highlights three areas where the partners innovated: They ascribed the authorship of Sefer Ḥasidim to the medieval pietist R. Judah he-Ḥasid; they prefaced the text with a lengthy table of contents; and they censored the text to eliminate a number of references to Christianity and Christians. Part two focuses on the second edition of Sefer Ḥasidim. It contains three chapters. Chapter three examines the people who created this edition: the Christian printer Ambrosius Froben of Basel and his Jewish and Christian associates. Chapter four focuses on the many paratexts that accompanied Froben’s edition. These documents present Sefer Ḥasidim as a canonical work of scripture and aggadah (rabbinic lore) intended for young students. Chapter five focuses on the text of Sefer Ḥasidim in Froben’s edition and the emendations Froben and his editors introduced. The chapter highlights three kinds of emendations: censorship of anti-Christian passages; the removal of phrases in languages other than Hebrew; and the introduction of punctuation and glosses. Taken together, these emendations create the impression that Sefer Ḥasidim was a “classic” of far greater import than it may have had at the time of its composition. This dissertation closes with a conclusion that describes how the data contained in the previous chapters might be useful for students of the history of the book and Jewish modernity.

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<p><strong>Bakgrunden </strong>visade att<strong> </strong>omvårdnaden av svårläkta ben- och fotsår omfattade en stor del av sjuksköterskornas arbetsuppgifter inom kommunal hemsjukvård. Allt fler vårdtagare med omfattande hälsoproblem och kroniska åkommor finns idag där patientundervisningen blir central i omvårdnaden . <strong>Syftet </strong>med studien<strong> </strong>var att belysa sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter av omvårdnad och undervisning av vårdtagare med svårläkta ben- och fotsår.<strong> Metoden </strong>var en hermeneutisk kvalitativ undersökning med halvstrukturerade intervjuer med tematiska frågor och innehållsanalys. <strong>Urvalet</strong> var strategiskt och omfattade femton sjuksköterskor i sju olika kommuner inom kommunal hemsjukvård i Region Skåne. <strong>I resultatet </strong>identifierades sju teman och underliggande subteman av sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter. De sju temana var Kunskapsområden för omvårdnad/undervisning, Relationella förutsättningar för omvårdnad/undervisning, Genomförande av omvårdnad/undervisning, Utbildning av närstående, Utbildning av personal, Organisatoriska villkor för omvårdnad/undervisning samt Förbättringsförslag. <strong>Slutsats:</strong> Sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter av omvårdnad och undervisning av vårdtagare med svårläkta ben- och fotsår var att den grundas i tillit, omsorg, respekt, delaktighet och samarbete som kräver både tid, rum och goda organisatoriska villkor. Sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter av patientundervisning kan tolkas som uttryck för deliberativ pedagogik och leder till att vårdtagarna kan uppleva en känsla av sammanhang (KASAM) i sin situation.</p> / <p><strong>The background</strong>: Caring about hard to heal leg- and foot ulcers comprise a considerable part of the trained nurse work in the homecare. Today we have a growing part of patients with complex in health problems and chronic diseases which makes patient education an essential part of the caring process. <strong>The aim </strong>of this study was to elucidate the trained nurse’s experiences of caring and education of patients with slow-healing leg- and foot ulcers. <strong>The method</strong> was hermeneutic qualitative with half structured interviews with thematic questions and content analysis. The sample was strategical and includes fifteen trained nurses in homecare, from seven districts in South Sweden. <strong>The result </strong>showed seven themes and underlying subthemes. The seven themes was knowledge about caring/education, relational presumption for caring/education, accomplishment of caring/education, education of closely, education of personal, organizational condition for caring/education and improvements. <strong>The conclusion </strong>of the study<strong> </strong>is that the trained nurses experiences of caring and education of patients with slow-healing leg- and foot ulcers is a foundation in reliance, care, respect, participation and collaboration, that needs time, space and organizational conditions. The trained nurse’s experiences of patient education can bee seen as deliberative pedagogic and a possible feeling of the sense of coherence (SOC) for the patients in their situation.</p>

Today we find ourselves in limbo between the need to reduce usage of the world’s dwindling supply of natural resources and a stubborn resistance to change our consumption habits. The continuing scarcity of resources, coupled with an increase in demand for them from a growing population, is the largest challenge facing earth and its people. While many individual citizens, politicians, press sources and businesses are ignoring the current situation, some have recognized the need for a green revolution. Leaders have attempted to enact a cultural change, organizing events and initiatives to garner the attention of those in position to make a change, and people have taken responsibility for their own actions in choosing more sustainable options in their everyday lives. Very small starts have been made in the colossal struggle against the changing climate, mounting environmental problems and expansive social issues, but these will not be sufficient for sustaining out future. Some entity with power must stand up to lead change, and that entity should be business. While business is largely responsible for much of the world’s environmental problems today, the ability of the free market system to create positive change through sustainable business practices is far more powerful than public polic

Le sujet du présent mémoire porte sur la figure de l'androgyne dans le diptyque de Tahar Ben Jelloun, L'enfant de sable et La nuit sacrée. La singularité de l'androgyne en question émane de sa configuration synchronique alliant les deux pôles sexuels, soit le masculin et le féminin, dans un même corps. L'énoncé narratif est construit autour de ce schème bisexuel qui alterne les deux paradigmes antithétiques de l'androgynie: le premier, profane, est articulé sur une conception négative marquée par la confusion entre les deux pôles sexuels. Ce cas de figure est représenté par Ahmed-Zahra. Le second présente une vision subliminale articulée sur la fusion harmonieuse entre l'élément féminin et l'élément masculin, inspirée par la mystique soufie qui prône une sorte d'eschatologie de l'amour. La relation Zahra-Le Consul est représentative de cette configuration. Au travers de cette double construction se profile une esthétique romanesque impulsée par l'intertexte mystique. De surcroît, la figure de l'androgyne, en tant que lieu du conflit entre les sexes qui l'habitent, offre à l'auteur l'occasion d'investir le champ de l'antagonisme social intersexuel marqué par la domination masculine. L'androgyne s'avère ainsi un corps spéculaire. Afin de rendre compte des enjeux esthétiques et idéologiques de la dite figure dans le diptyque de Ben Jelloun, le présent travail se divise en trois chapitres. Dans le premier chapitre, il sera question de l'androgynie comme représentation mythique. On exposera la dimension sacrée du mythe de l'androgyne dans les cultures dites archaïques puis dans l'antiquité. On étudiera également la dimension universelle et archétypique du mythe. Enfin, on exposera le double rapport antithétique que les anciens établissent entre androgyne sacré et androgyne profane. Dans le second chapitre, on analysera le passage du mythe en question dans la philosophie, inauguré par Le Banquet de Platon. On s'arrêtera également au passage de l'androgyne du mythe platonicien à l'herméneutique mystique et de cette dernière à la littérature occidentale et ce, à la moitié du XIXe siècle. A partir de la combinaison entre l'androgyne platonicien et l'Adam biblique, Michel Tournier, dont on analysera brièvement le roman, Le Roi des Aulnes, forge la figure syncrétique de l'Adam phorique, figure androgynique par excellence que tente de réactualiser le personnage principal, Abel Tiffauges. Dans le troisième chapitre, on analysera toutes les données théoriques autour de l'androgynie et leur application au diptyque de Ben Jelloun. On verra que le roman embrasse les deux aspects de l'expérience androgynique, soit l'androgyne sacré et l'androgyne profane. De plus on approchera le diptyque à la lumière du référent mystique qui impulse une esthétique scripturaire articulée sur le thème de la quête. Enfin, au travers de la figure de l'androgyne se dessine un discours de la stigmatisation qui met en procès le despotisme masculin. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Androgyne, Archétype, Mythe, Soufisme, Corps, Ben Jelloun, L'enfant de sable, La nuit sacrée, Littérature marocaine.