At one time, Providence, Utah, was well-known for its fruit production, especially on the north and south benches, but changes in population growth patterns, technology, and local economy have dramatically reduced reliance on agriculture and have completely eliminated fruit farming on the benches. In order to capture a slice of Providence history which is quickly disappearing from public memory, this thesis relies on a series of interviews I conducted with former workers on the fruit farms in the Providence bench area. Through their memories of their work and childhoods, I set out a folk history which focuses on family and worker relationships, gender roles, and work techniques. Throughout the entire body of work, I pull from a variety of genres and themes within the field of folklore to answer my research question of what fruit farming entailed and the importance it played in the lives of the farmers, their families, the workers, and the community. I begin with sections of historical ethnography in order to transport the reader into a time past and to convey the nature of these farmers’ and workers’ lives and occupations. The voices of my informants have a large role in shaping the history through their commentaries and personal narratives about this period. I continue with further textual analysis of the informants’ personal narratives about work and childhood, using theories of children’s folklore and oral narrative to discuss trickster tales and their role in my informants’ lives and their life histories. This analysis further focuses on power relationships and gender roles, while acting as a collection of occupational and children’s folklore as revealed through my informants’ interviews. I also draw on psychoanalytic interpretations of gender roles within work. I also discuss teenage relationships, flirting, and jokes about sexuality during this time period through this theoretical lens. My analysis concludes where it started: with the stories and their nostalgic themes, drawing the body of this thesis back to a discussion of life, land, and family and the nature of the stories told about these themes now. Throughout, this folk history relies on the present to understand the past, and by way of the nostalgic quality of all of the stories told by my informants, the past defines the present.

Students with internalizing behaviors are often overlooked in terms of receiving interventions that could change academic outcomes and prevent problems that could have serious implications, including social withdrawal, social isolation, and suicidal ideation. Recent research has found the use of social emotional learning (SEL), school-wide positive behavior support (SWPBS), and social skill instruction, to be effective in treating students with both internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. The use of peers has also shown promise in helping students with behavior problems. In this study, a multiple baseline across participants' design was used across two playgrounds to evaluate a buddy bench intervention, which utilized peers to help socially withdrawn students increase social engagement and peer interactions and decrease social isolation. All students (N = 448) in grades 1st through 6th were observed during the pre-lunch recess period. Results revealed that from baseline to intervention phases there was a decrease of between 19% (on the 4th to 6th grade playground) and 24% (on the 1st to 3rd grade playground) in the number of students engaged in solitary behavior on the playground. The majority of students reported positive attitudes towards the intervention. Teachers reported mixed feelings about the social validity of the Buddy Bench. Limitations and implications are discussed.

Daily undulating periodization is a growing trend in the exercise science literature. Flexible daily undulating periodization allows for athletes to have some autonomy within a periodized training cycle and is a relatively new and unstudied concept. The comparison of a flexible and traditional daily undulating periodization program using trained males has not been examined in the literature. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Flexible and Traditional Daily Undulating Periodization models on powerlifting performance in trained males. 25 resistance-trained males (23±6 years; 79±22 kg) completed a 9-week resistance-training program and were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Flexible Daily Undulating Periodization (FDUP; N=14) or Daily Undulating Periodization (DUP; N=11). All subjects possessed a minimum of 6 months of resistance training experience & were required to squat 125% their bodyweight, bench press their bodyweight, and deadlift 150% their bodyweight. Dependent variables (DV) included bench press 1RM, squat 1RM, deadlift 1RM, Powerlifting total, and Wilk's Coefficient. Each DV was assessed at baseline and after the 9-week training program. The DUP group performed a hypertrophy workout on Monday, a power workout on Wednesday, and a strength workout on Friday. The FDUP group completed the exact same workouts in a given week, but were allowed to choose the order of the workouts. Data for each DV were analyzed via a 2x2 between-within factorial repeated measures ANOVA. The alpha criterion for significance was set at 0.05. There were no significant differences in total volume or intensity between groups. There was a main effect for time (p < 0.001) for 1RM Squat (FDUP pre = 132 ± 34 kg, FDUP Post = 148 ± 33 kg; DUP pre = 147 ± 31 kg, DUP post = 165 ± 25 kg), 1RM Bench Press (FDUP pre = 96 ± 20 kg, FDUP post = 102 ± 19 kg; DUP pre = 147 ± 31 kg, DUP post = 165 ± 25 kg), 1RM Deadlift (FDUP pre = 166 ± 41 kg, FDUP post: 181 ± 37 kg; DUP pre = 174 ± 25 kg, DUP post = 188 ± 29 kg), Powerlifting Total (FDUP pre = 394 ± 90 kg, FDUP post = 431 ± 84; DUP pre = 439 ± 71 kg, DUP post = 480 ± 69 kg), and Wilk's Coefficient (FDUP pre = 147 ± 25 kg, FDUP post = 304 ± 51; DUP pre = 299 ± 41, DUP post = 325 ± 38). There were no interaction effects between the FDUP and DUP for any of the variables assessed. 9 weeks of Flexible DUP leads to comparable gains in powerlifting performance when compared to a Traditional DUP program in trained males. This may be attributed to the fact that both groups performed similar volumes of work throughout the study. Specifically, FDUP improved squat 1RM by 12%, bench press 1RM by 7%, deadlift 1RM by 9%, powerlifting total by 9%, & Wilk's coefficient by 9%. Similarly, DUP improved squat 1RM by 12%, bench press 1RM by 8%, deadlift 1RM by 8%, powerlifting total by 9%, & Wilk's coefficient by 9%.

<p>This thesis describes the VHDL behavioral model design of a DSP On Chip Emulation Unit. The prototype of this design is the OnCE port of the Motorola DSP56002. </p><p>Capabilities of this On Chip Emulation Unit are accessible through four pins, which allows the user to step through a program, to set the breakpoint that stop program execution at a specific address, and to examine the contents of registers, memory, and pipeline information. The detailed design that includes input/output signals and sub blocks is presented in this thesis. </p><p>The user will interact with the DSP through a GUI on the host computer via the RS232 port. An interface between the RS232 and On Chip Emulation Unit is therefore designed as well. </p><p>The functionality is designed to be same as described by Motorola and it is verified by a test bench. The writing of the test bench, test sequence and results is presented also.</p>

<p>A CMbB system is a system that with the help of sensors in the front of a car detects when a collision in unavoidable. When a situation like that is detected, the brakes are activated. The decision of whether to activate the brakes or not is taken by a piece of software called a decision maker. This software continuously checks for routes that would avoid an object in front of the car and as long as a path is found nothing is done. Volvo has been investigating several different CMbB-systems, and the research done by Volvo has previously focused on decision makers that only consider one object in front of the car. By instead taking all present objects in consideration, it should be possible to detect an imminent collision earlier. Volvo has developed some prototypes but needed help evaluating their performance. </p><p>As part of this thesis a testing method was developed. The idea was to test as many cases as possible but as the objects’ possible states increase, the number of test cases quickly becomes huge. Different ways of removing irrelevant test cases were developed and when these ideas were realized in a test bench, it showed that about 98 % of the test cases could be removed. </p><p>The test results showed that there is clearly an advantage to consider many objects if the cost of increased complexity in the decision maker is not too big. However, the risk of false alarms is high with the current decision makers and several possible improvements have therefore been suggested.</p>

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> A complex interaction between muscles, tendons, bones, joints and nerves are required for optimal function of the human hand. It is known that an individual’s grip strength is vital for performance of physical demanding tasks such as strength training with free weights. Strength training including a thicker grip around the bar may enhance the strength of the grip in the athlete without other special routines for grip strength development. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the difference in performance in multiple repetitions in two strength training exercises using two different sizes on the bar, to look for correlations between grip strength of the subjects hand and the amount of repetitions executed with two different size of the bar and finally the correlation of hand size and the amount of repetitions executed with two different size of the bar.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> 15 strength training men (23,9 ± 4,1 years), underwent measurements of hand size, maximum grip strength, 1 repetition maximum (1RM), a 80 % of 1RM weight strength test with two different  bar sizes.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The results from the present investigation indicates a 21,1 % reduction of 80 % of 1 RM weight performance in repetitions executed in the bench press with the thicker diameter of the bar and a 66,2 % reduction in repetitions executed with a 80 % of 1 RM weight in the lying bench row with the thicker diameter of the bar. The size of the hand or the maximum grip strength does not influences the performance in the 80 % of 1 RM strength test.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With support of the results from this present investigation the size of the bar diameter significant influences the performance in maximum repetitions executed in a set in strength training with free weights, in a rowing exercise the repetitions executed reduced with 66,2 % and in the bench press the reduction of executed repetitions were 21,1 % with the thicker diameter of the bar. The size of the hand do not influences the performance of maximal executed repetitions with the thicker bar diameter. Maximal grip strength has no influence of the performance according to the findings of this investigation.</p>

This thesis describes the VHDL behavioral model design of a DSP On Chip Emulation Unit. The prototype of this design is the OnCE port of the Motorola DSP56002. Capabilities of this On Chip Emulation Unit are accessible through four pins, which allows the user to step through a program, to set the breakpoint that stop program execution at a specific address, and to examine the contents of registers, memory, and pipeline information. The detailed design that includes input/output signals and sub blocks is presented in this thesis. The user will interact with the DSP through a GUI on the host computer via the RS232 port. An interface between the RS232 and On Chip Emulation Unit is therefore designed as well. The functionality is designed to be same as described by Motorola and it is verified by a test bench. The writing of the test bench, test sequence and results is presented also.

A CMbB system is a system that with the help of sensors in the front of a car detects when a collision in unavoidable. When a situation like that is detected, the brakes are activated. The decision of whether to activate the brakes or not is taken by a piece of software called a decision maker. This software continuously checks for routes that would avoid an object in front of the car and as long as a path is found nothing is done. Volvo has been investigating several different CMbB-systems, and the research done by Volvo has previously focused on decision makers that only consider one object in front of the car. By instead taking all present objects in consideration, it should be possible to detect an imminent collision earlier. Volvo has developed some prototypes but needed help evaluating their performance. As part of this thesis a testing method was developed. The idea was to test as many cases as possible but as the objects’ possible states increase, the number of test cases quickly becomes huge. Different ways of removing irrelevant test cases were developed and when these ideas were realized in a test bench, it showed that about 98 % of the test cases could be removed. The test results showed that there is clearly an advantage to consider many objects if the cost of increased complexity in the decision maker is not too big. However, the risk of false alarms is high with the current decision makers and several possible improvements have therefore been suggested.

The target of this work is to optically interconnect a semiconductor laser and a single mode fiber (SMF) through a simple Si bench technology using buried waveguide devices. This technology is suitable for applications such as optical transceivers and add-and-drop multiplexers. Three major components, namely, planarized laser diode, buried waveguide, and SMF are hybrid integrated on the Si bench. The ridge-type laser was planarized by BCB etch-back process, and was flip-chip mounted on the Si bench. On the other hand, the sol-gel buried waveguide was passively aligned to SMF using V-groove and U-groove techniques. Miss-alignment loss as low as 1 dB can be obtained.

The objective of this thesis is to integrate the optical waveguide and single mode fiber in a passive alignment way on a silicon bench. This technique can reduce the complexity of packaging the individual components and increase yield of the module in order to achieve the goal of the mass production. In this module, buried waveguide structure was used for light guidance. A 1.31&#x00B5;m semiconductor laser was used as the input light source. Light signal launched by semiconductor laser is transferred through the buried waveguide into the single mode fiber. This module structure is consisted of two major parts, namely, the buried waveguide and the silicon bench. Buried optical Waveguide uses SO2 as the bottom cladding. Conventional photolithography procedures and etching technique were used to form a trench on the SiO2 cladding. The waveguide core was fabricated by coating the organic-inorganic hybrid materials into the trench. Finally, an organic-inorganic hybrid materials with a refractive index smaller than that of the core is used as the top cladding. The silicon benches were obtained by etching V-groove and saw-cutting U-groove on the silicon substrates for fixing the fiber. The patterning of buried waveguide and silicon V-groove were fabricated by a single optical mask procedure. Therefore accurate alignment between the waveguide and the single mode fiber can be obtained.