The aim of this thesis is design and realization of automatic test bench for parameters analysis of airborn radio-communication system R-863. Firstly we have taken up principles of the analysis properties of the radio system R-863. Then we proposed test bench for parameters analysis. In the next step we realize and integrate the digital control panel into the test bench. In harmony with the previous steps we have made program and software for the automatic test bench. Finally we make the user manual, which is easy to use.

This thesis describes the design of solution for remote management and control of Honeywell Primus EPIC avionics test bench. The thesis also describes avionics, test bench, specifications and data transfer via RS-422 bus and ARINC 429.

Emission limits and economic situation pressure automobile manufacturer, over the prospective buyer, to production more economy car. One of the elements which may indirectly reduce for example fuel consumption is automobile radiator. Construction of these accessories isn’t simple and simulation its characteristics need inspection in real measurements. Test bench for automobile radiator can help to easily choice and the project cooling system of the vehicles.

The future of aviation technology is transitioning to cleaner, more efficient and higher endurance aircraft solutions. As fully electric propulsion systems still fall short of the operational requirements of modern day aircraft, there is increasing pressure and demand for the aviation industry to explore alternatives to fossil fuel driven propulsion systems. The primary focus of this research is to experimentally evaluate hybrid electric propulsion systems (HEPS) for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) which combine multiple power sources to improve performance. HEPS offer several potential benefits over more conventional propulsion systems such as a smaller environmental impact, lower fuel consumption, higher endurance and novel configurations through distributed propulsion. Advanced operating modes are also possible with HEPS, increasing the vehicle’s versatility and redundancy in case of power source failure. The primary objective of the research is to combine all of the components of a small-scale HEPS together in a modular test bench for evaluation. The test bench uses components sized for a small-scale UAV including a 2.34kW two-stroke 35cc engine and a 1.65kW brushless DC motor together with an ESC capable of regenerative braking. Individual components were first tested to characterize performance, and then all components were assembled together in a parallel configuration to observe system-level performance. The parallel HEPS is capable of functioning in the four required operating modes: EM Only, ICE Only, Dash Mode (combined EM and ICE power) as well as Regenerative Mode where the onboard batteries get recharged. Further, the test bench was implemented with a supervisory controller to optimize system performance and run each component in the most efficient region to achieve torque requirements programmed into mission profiles. The logic based controller operates with the ideal operating line (IOL) concept and is implemented with a custom LabView GUI. The system is able to run on electric power or ICE power interchangeably without making any modifications to the transmission as the one-way bearing assembly engages for whichever power source is rotating at the highest speed. The most impressive of these sets of tests is the Dash mode testing where the output torque of the propeller is supplied from both the EM and ICE. Working in tandem, it was proved that the EM was drawing 19.9A of current which corresponds to an estimated 0.57Nm additional torque to the propeller for a degree of hybridization of 49.91%. Finally, the regenerative braking mode was proven to be operational, capable of recharging the battery systems at 13A. All of these operating modes attest to the flexibility and convenience of having a hybrid-electric propulsion system. The results collected from the test bench were validated against the models created in the aircraft simulation framework. This framework was created in MATLAB to simulate the performance of a small UAV and compare the performance by swapping in various propulsion systems. The purpose of the framework is to make direct comparisons of HEPS performance for parallel and series architectures against conventional electric and gasoline configuration UAVs, and explore the trade-offs. Each aircraft variable in the framework was modelled parametrically so that parameter sweeps could be run to observe the impact on the aircraft’s performance. Finally, rather than comparing propulsion systems in steady-state, complex mission profiles were created that simulate real life applications for UAVs. With these experiments, it was possible to observe which propulsion configurations were best suited for each mission type, and provide engineers with information about the trade-offs or advantages of integrating hybrid-electric propulsion into UAV design. In the Pipeline Inspection mission, the exact payload capacities of each aircraft configuration could be observed in the fuel burn versus CL,cruise parameter sweep exercise. It was observed that the parallel HEPS configuration has an average of 3.52kg lower payload capacity for the 35kg aircraft (17.6%), but has a fuel consumption reduction of up to 26.1% compared to the gasoline aircraft configuration. In the LIDAR Data collection mission, the electric configuration could be suitable for collection ranges below 100km but suffers low LIDAR collection times. However, at 100km LIDAR collection range, the series HEPS has an endurance of 16hr and the parallel configuration has an endurance of 19hr. In the Interceptor mission, at 32kg TOW, the parallel HEPS configuration has an endurance/TOW of 1.3[hr/kg] compared to 1.15[hr/kg] for the gasoline aircraft. This result yields a 13% increase in endurance from 36.8hr for gasoline to 41.6hr for the parallel HEPS. Finally, in the Communications Relay mission, the gasoline configuration is recommended for all TOW above 28kg as it has the highest loiter endurance. / Graduate

The paper presents design solution and physical implementation of a system for examination of electro hydraulic steering based on OSPE 200 components. The implementation is based on synthesis of required hydraulic and structure parameters, presented in a previous paper. Now we present the interconnection of the digital control system and the closed-loop flow diagram. A formal description of embedded software is presented too, which supports operation of PI control algorithm in real-time. Identification is performed based on experimentally reported the transitional process by developing mathematical models. Presents the structure and capabilities of the models for identification, as well as procedures for their validation.

Title: The effect of breathing technique on intra-thoracic pressure, kinematics of barbell, and muscle activity during bench press exercise. Objectives: The main aim of this study is to determine relationship between breathing technique and bench press exercise. Furthermore, determine which breathing modification leads to overcoming highest resistance and how each individual breathing techniques (Valsalva maneuver (VM), Hold breath (HB), Lung packing (PAC), "reversed breathing" (REVB)) affects kinematics of barbell, and muscle activity, during different intensity (1 RM, 4RM, 8RM, 12RM). Methods: Experiment of cross-sectional character, with usage of our-calibrated sensor, for intrathoracic pressure measurements, 3D kinematics with passive markers and surface electromyography. For measuring anthropometric measurements was further used goniometer, digital scale, and measuring tape. Comparisons of the breathing techniques was done by analysis of covariance ANOVA, while particular parameters were compared by Pearson correlation. Results: Except of REVB technique, which indicated significantly lower load, there was no significant difference between techniques in lifted resistance. Similar effect was observed at results of intrathoracic pressure, where REVB technique showed significantly lower pressure,...

Abstract Investigation into Characteristics of Bench Press using PUSH™ Band Peters, Avery1 and Sato, Kimitake1 Department of Sport, Exercise, Recreation, and Kinesiology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN1 Introduction: Sport scientist and strength coaches use resistance training to increase athletic performance and muscle hypertrophy. Improving muscular strength is the most essential task for these scientists, however, how best to identify weakness has yet to be established. The popularity of velocity-based resistance training has recently increased as a method to prescribe resistance training intensity, therefore, the purpose of the study was to identify the characteristics of bench press concentric velocity. It is hypothesized that the velocity output will decrease during the change from the 75% relative load of the 1RM to the 85% relative load of 1RM. It is believed that there will be a greater output of velocity during the 75% set than the 85% set. Methods: Nine female collegiate athletes (18-21 yrs), participated in this study. PUSH™ bands were used to measure barbell velocity during the bench press exercise. Each female was expected to preform 3 sets of 5 repetitions (3x5) at an intensity of 75% and 85% of their 1 repetition maximum (1RM). Only data from repetition 2-4 were used for analysis. Results: The results drawn from data collected supported our hypothesis showing a decrease in velocity among the 85% 1RM test when compared to the 75% 1RM test group. Comparisons were drawn using a t-Test table comprised of PUSH™ Band data. Conclusion: The results supported the hypothesis that this type of technology can identify the load specific velocity to help strength coaches to identify the optimal resistance for certain training program and goals by using collected data with the PUSH™ Band to identify weakness in strength and/or endurance.

Paralympic athletes (PA) appear to be more prone to chronic overuse injuries from daily wheelchair or crutch use. Over half of these injuries are shoulder related which can deleteriously impact quality of life. Adaptive powerlifters (AP) are a subdivision of Paralympic athletes and are at a higher risk for catastrophic injuries as compared to their counterparts, due to the compound of fatigue and lifting of maximal weights. For this reason, it is vital to have well-designed training plans for these athletes in order to preserve quality of life and maximize performance in competition. Unfortunately, there is a lack of literature on training adaptive athletes for performance. The purpose of this dissertation is to collect and analyze monitoring data of a para-powerlifter preparing for competition over the course of a six-month macrocycle. Specifically, the intention is to 1) explore options in adaptive monitoring measures for the adaptive athlete community via para-powerlifting 2) analyze trends in the training process with such monitoring methods in fatigue and performance and 3) examine efficient and safe training methods and practices for para-powerlifting. The major findings of this dissertation are 1.) Hand grip dynamometry may be a valid monitoring tool used to gain clarity on neuromuscular fatigue within para-powerlifters. 2.) Barbell velocities may reveal trends in fatigue and recovery over the course of a training cycle for para-powerlifters. 3.) Para-powerlifters and para-athletes training for upper-body power development should likely perform bench press using a strap to secure them to the bench for enhanced stability. The significant and consistently increased force outputs the added stability enables the athlete to utilize may bring more pronounced training adaptations towards their goals. This dissertation is exploratory in nature and much more research needs to be done to give the adaptive athlete population adequate information and tools for their long-term success and safety.

Several studies involving excised animal larynges have been performed to simulate the structural and physiological properties of the human larynx. The most common way to preserve the laryngeal tissue being studied is by immersing it in a 0.9% isotonic saline solution and then flash freezing it. Isotonic saline is used empirically to replenish the potential ion loss that occurs postmortem. Each larynx is flash frozen so it can be used at a more convenient time while still maintaining the integrity of the tissue. However, the preservation methods found in previous studies tend to vary and no consensus had been reached about which method of preservation is ideal. This study sought to investigate the effects of solution and storage on phonation threshold pressure (PTP). Phonation threshold pressure is commonly used to investigate mucosal wave of the vocal folds, prephonatory glottal width, and vocal fold cover. This study involved a prospective, mixed experimental design with three groups, including a control group and two experimental groups. Each group consisted of 10 bench-mounted porcine larynges. The control group was immersed in 0.9% isotonic saline, flash frozen with liquid nitrogen within 24 hours postmortem, and thawed overnight before the experiment. The second group was immersed in 0.9% isotonic saline and the third group was submersed in Ringer's solution. Each of these groups was kept in their solution in a refrigerator for approximately 15 hours and was used for the experiment within 24 hours postmortem. Each larynx was mounted on a bench on a tabletop with three micropositioners to adduct and elongate the vocal folds. A pseudolung connected to the trachea directed humidified air to the vocal folds subglottally until phonation was achieved. The larynges in all three groups underwent these phonatory trials with 5-minute desiccation trials between each until phonation could no longer be achieved. Phonation threshold pressure was then observed and compared within groups and between groups. The signals were obtained using MATLAB. The results indicated that PTP was lowest for the frozen versus fresh groups. PTP values increased slightly for the frozen group, but the frozen group demonstrated less variability across specimens as compared to the fresh groups. Collectively, these results indicate that there are substantial differences between fresh and frozen specimens. These differences should be considered when designing tissue studies for purposes of generalization to human phonation.

The purpose of this study was to compare differences in maximal strength, perceived recovery and stress state, and body composition alterations in powerlifters undergoing a 2-day or 4-day period of training cessation following a step taper. Ten participants completed a 6-week powerlifting specific training protocol. Body composition, perceived recovery and stress state, and maximal strength in the back squat (BS), bench press (BP), and deadlift (DL) were assessed prior to the overreach week (week 5) and either 2-days or 4-days after the taper. Alpha criterion was set at p≤0.05. There were statistically significant increases in BP (pp=0.03) following the 2-day protocol. Following the 4-day protocol, there were statistically significant increases in DL (p=0.03) and statistically significant decreases in BP (p=0.04). The results of this study support the use of shorter periods of training cessation (i.e., two days) following a step taper to improve maximal strength performance.