Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-10-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:39:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 bezerra_mr_me_ilha.pdf: 707588 bytes, checksum: 77bc5aa53cdca426281d914534fb3fa2 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Embora a quase totalidade da produção nacional de caqui (Diospyros kaki L.) seja destinada ao mercado interno, o Brasil vem se consolidando nos últimos anos como país exportador dessa fruta para países dos continentes americano e europeu. Por essa razão, o cultivo dessa fruteira vem se constituindo numa importante atividade agrícola para pequenos produtores no Brasil. A obtenção de mudas de boa qualidade para a implantação de pomares constitui-se em sério problema para os fruticultores que pretendem cultivar o caquizeiro, métodos alternativos para a produção de mudas, amenizariam essa dificuldade. Em função disso o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a porcentagem de pegamento da enxertia de mesa em estacas lenhosas oriundas das brotações do porta-enxerto, a capacidade de enraizamento de estacas lenhosas e herbáceas de caquizeiro oriundas de brotações da copa e do porta-enxerto, ambos da cultivar Rama-Forte, determinar a concentração mais adequada de indolbutírico (AIB) e ainda avaliar a fenologia de dez variedades de caquizeiro (Pomelo, Rubi, Fuyuhana, Rama Forte, Taubaté, Giombo, Suruga, Toote, Fuyu, e Jiro), selecionar aquelas que apresentem melhores características agronômicas e que sejam adaptadas às regiões de clima tropical. O trabalho foi conduzido no período de 16 de março de 2006 a 29 de maio de 2007 na área experimental da Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Universidade Estadual Paulista - Campus de Ilha Solteira, localizada no município de Selvíria - MS. Para a enxertia de mesa foram utilizadas 120 estacas lenhosas oriundas do porta-enxerto onde foi realizada a enxertia por garfagem tipo fenda cheia e divididos em quatro tratamentos com três repetições de 10 estacas, sendo três concentrações de AIB (1500, 2500 e 3500 mgL-1) e a testemunha (sem aplicação de AIB), imergindo-se 5cm da base por cinco minutos na solução... / Although almost the totality of the national production of Kaki (Diospyros kaki L.) either destined to the domestic market, Brazil comes if consolidating in the last years as exporting country of this fruit for countries of the American and European continent. Therefore, the culture of this fruit comes if constituting in an important agricultural activity for small producers in Brazil. The attainment of props of good quality for the implantation of orchards consists in serious problem for the producers of fruits that they intend to cultivate the Japanese Persimmon Tree. The present work objectified to evaluate the percentage of the bench graft in deriving rootstocks props, the shoots of the rootstocks, the capacity of grafting of deriving rootstocks and herbaceous props of Japanese Persimmon Tree of shoots of the pantry and the rootstocks, both of cultivating Rama Forte, to determinate the indolbutiric concentration most adequate (IBA) and still the phenology of ten varieties of Japanese Persimmon Tree (Pomelo, Ruby, Fuyuhana, Rama Forte, Taubaté, Giombo, Suruga, Toote, Fuyu, and Jiro), to select those that present good characteristics and that the regions of tropical climate are adapted. The work was lead of day 16 of March of 2006 until day 29 of May of 2007 in the experimental area of the Farm of Education, Research and Extension of the São Paulo State University - Campus of Ilha Solteira, located in the city of Selvíria-MS. In the bench graft 120 deriving rootstocks props of the rootstocks had been used where type full crack and divided in four treatments with three repetitions of 10 props was carried through by full crack, being three concentrations of IBA (1500, 2500 and 3500 mgL-1) and the witness (without IBA application), immerging 5cm of the base per five minutes into the solution...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Paulo Roberto Gardel Kurka / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T04:00:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mello_ClaudioCoelhode_M.pdf: 11766357 bytes, checksum: 5f2659f4a4238bfbfaa4dd0e10c50790 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: This study evaluates the existing technology of converting the various residues in oil refineries and compares with the new technology of that the Grupo Combustíveis Alternativos (GCA), in conjunction with Petrobras and CENPES would apply to the conversion of the residue of the Vacuum distillation. Also studied is one of the components of the reactor Fast Pyrolysis developed in the GCA during phase two of Presat. This component is the injector and its study helps improve the reactor built for stage three from Presat. For the study were assembled two spout equipment, the first directed to study the behavior of the flow of droplets inside the reactor and the second for the purpose of measuring the distribution of droplets generated by the size of the nozzle / Abstract: This study evaluates the existing technology of converting the various residues in oil refineries and compares with the new technology of that the Grupo Combustíveis Alternativos (GCA), in conjunction with Petrobras and CENPES would apply to the conversion of the residue of the Vacuum distillation. Also studied is one of the components of the reactor Fast Pyrolysis developed in the GCA during phase two of Presat. This component is the injector and its study helps improve the reactor built for stage three from Presat. For the study were assembled two spout equipment, the first directed to study the behavior of the flow of droplets inside the reactor and the second for the purpose of measuring the distribution of droplets generated by the size of the nozzle / Mestrado / Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-05T19:28:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ghunter Paulo Viajante - 2009.pdf: 4054510 bytes, checksum: 7a7664ef1ea06fe7cc1052791f2fb337 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2017-07-07T19:26:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ghunter Paulo Viajante - 2009.pdf: 4054510 bytes, checksum: 7a7664ef1ea06fe7cc1052791f2fb337 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-07T19:26:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ghunter Paulo Viajante - 2009.pdf: 4054510 bytes, checksum: 7a7664ef1ea06fe7cc1052791f2fb337 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-02 / This work presents the project, construction and automation of a test bench for single-phase induction motor, up to 1 CV, based on a Brazilian Standard, ABNT 5383- 2/2007. In order to reach this purpose, theoretical studies on data acquisition systems, virtual instrumentation, industrial communication protocols and normalized testing methodologies are performed. After test bench construction, tests based on the Brazilian Standard are performed, in order to test a single-phase induction motor with starting capacitor .The tests results are presented. / Este trabalho apresenta o projeto, implementação e automação de uma bancada para ensaios de motores de indução monofásicos de potência até 1 CV baseados na norma brasileira ABNT 5383-2/2007. Para tanto, foram realizados estudos teóricos acerca de sistemas de aquisição de dados, instrumentação virtual, protocolos de comunicação industrial e as metodologias de ensaios apresentadas na norma. Após a construção da bancada foram realizados os principais testes contemplados na norma brasileira em um motor de indução monofásico com capacitor de partida e apresentados os resultados.

Abstract Background: The ability to produce a high power output can be the deciding factor in determining which athlete wins or loses in a sporting event. Power output can be measured in an exercise like the squat or bench press. The use of a force plate, or a force plate paired with a linear position transducer is considered the gold standard when measuring power output in an exercise like the squat or bench press. Linear position transducers or linear encoders have also been considered valid methods. Power output can also be measured by accelerometers. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the concurrent validity of the accelerometer Beast Sensor by measuring average power in explosive squatting and bench pressing at 40 % and 80 % of one repetition maximum (1RM). The linear encoder MuscleLab was used as criterion. Methods: 17 test subjects, five women and 12 men (average age 28 years) were recruited. Fifteen of the subjects completed two test sessions. The first session determined their 1RM. The second session took place 7-14 days later and measured average power output during two sets of three repetitions at 40 % and 80 % of the subjects 1RM in explosive squats and bench presses. The average power output of the repetitions was measured simultaneously by Beast Sensor and MuscleLab. For the Beast Sensor to be considered valid, a correlation coefficient of 0.9 or higher needed to be reached. Results: Beast Sensor demonstrated high or very high correlations with MuscleLab for average power output of explosive squats at 40 % of 1RM (rs = 0.91), and for explosive bench presses at 40 % (rs = 0.86) and 80 % of 1RM (rs = 0.74). However, for explosive squats at 80 % of 1RM, the correlation was low (rs = 0.42). All correlations were statistically significant with p-values of < 0.01. Beast Sensor was considered valid for squats at 40 % of 1RM, but neither at 80 % of 1RM in squats, nor at 40 % or 80 % of 1RM in bench presses. Conclusion: Beast Sensor showed high or very high correlations with the criterion MuscleLab in three of the four assessed data variables. Only the correlation for average power output of the explosive squats at 40 % of the subject’s 1RM reached the required correlation coefficient of 0.9 or higher for the Beast Sensor to be considered valid. Except for at 40 % of 1RM in squats, Beast Sensor missed a substantial amount of repetitions. Further studies examining the reliability of the Beast Sensor are therefore needed. / Abstrakt Bakgrund: Förmågan att producera hög effektutveckling (power) kan avgöra vilken idrottare som vinner eller förlorar en tävling. Effektutveckling kan mätas i övningar som knäböj och bänkpress. Detta kan göras med hjälp av en kraftplatta, eller en kraftplatta parad med en linear position transducer. Dessa metoder anses vara ”gold standard”, men linear position transducers eller linear encoders har också ansetts vara valida metoder. Effektutveckling kan även mätas med hjälp av en accelerometer. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att mäta samtidig validitet hos accelerometern Beast Sensor genom att mäta genomsnittlig effektutveckling i explosiva knäböj och bänkpressar vid 40 % och 80 % av en repetition max (1RM). MuscleLab, en linear encoder, användes som referensvärde.  Metod: 17 försökspersoner, fem kvinnor och tolv män (medelålder 28 år) rekryterades. Femton av försökspersonerna fullföljde deltagande. Vid det första testtillfället mättes 1RM. Det andra tillfället ägde rum 7-14 dagar senare och mätte genomsnittlig effektutveckling i explosiva knäböj och bänkpressar vid 40 % och 80 % av försökspersonernas uppmätta 1RM. Två set av tre repetitioner mättes vid 40 % och 80 % av 1RM i både knäböj och bänkpress. Repetitionerna mättes samtidigt av MuscleLab och Beast Sensor. För att Beast Sensor skulle anses vara valid behövde en korrelationskoefficient på 0.9 eller högre uppnås. Resultat: Beast Sensor uppvisade höga eller väldigt höga korrelationer med MuscleLab för genomsnittlig effektutveckling i explosiva knäböj vid 40 % av 1RM (rs = 0.91) och explosiva bänkpressar vid 40 % (rs = 0.86) och 80 % av 1RM (rs = 0.74). Dock uppmättes en låg korrelation för de explosiva knäböjen vid 80 % av 1RM (rs = 0.42). Alla korrelationer var statistiskt signifikanta med p-värden på < 0.01. Beast Sensor ansågs vara valid för att mäta effektutveckling vid 40 % av 1RM i knäböj, men varken vid 80 % av 1RM i knäböj, eller vid 40 % eller 80 % av 1RM i bänkpressar. Slutsats: Beast Sensor visade höga eller väldigt höga korrelationer med referensvärdet från MuscleLab för tre av de fyra uppmätta variablerna. Endast korrelationen för genomsnittlig effektutveckling i explosiva knäböj vid 40 % av 1RM uppnådde den korrelationskoefficient på 0.9 eller högre som krävdes för att Beast Sensor skulle anses vara valid. Förutom vid 40 % av 1RM i knäböj, missade Beast Sensor en väsentlig andel repetitioner. Därför finns det ett behov av fler studier som undersöker reliabiliteten hos Beast Sensor.

Le broyage de bois de qualité secondaire est un processus en pleine expansion avec l'augmentation de l'utilisation de la biomasse pour la production d'énergie. La transformation du bois en plaquettes facilite l'automatisation des chaudières. Peu de recherches ont traité le mécanisme de la formation des plaquettes et des efforts de coupe durant cette opération. Lors de ce travail de thèse, nous nous sommes focalisés sur le système de déchiquetage à disque. Un banc d'essais de taille réelle a été construit afin de permettre la variation de plusieurs paramètres, tels que la vitesse de coupe, la vitesse d?amenage, les angles de coupe, la direction d'amenage, la hauteur du contre-couteau, le mode de coupe, le nombre des couteaux et leur saillie.Les expérimentations ont montré que la taille des plaquettes augmente avec l'augmentation de l'avance par dent, l'angle de coupe réel et l'angle de taillant, et diminue avec l'augmentation de la vitesse de coupe. Le processus de la formation des plaquettes est composé de deux mécanismes, qui sont le cisaillement et la propagation de fissures. La mesure des efforts de coupe et de la puissance électrique consommée pour une bande passante pouvant atteindre 3 kHz complète ces données granulométriques. Grâce au banc d'essais de déchiquetage, nous avons pu montrer la corrélation ou l'indépendance de facteurs influents intervenant dans l'optimisation des conditions de coupe / Chipping wood of second quality is a rapidly growing process because of the increasing use of the biomass in energy production field. The utilization of wood chips as a combustible, make it easier to automate the wood boilers function. Few studies were carried out in order to understand the mechanism of the chip formation and the evolution of cutting force during the chipping operation. In this thesis, we focused our analysis on the disc chipper. A test bench of real dimensions was built up in order to be able to vary many parameters such as cutting and feeding speed, cutting angles, feeding direction, anvil height, cutting directions, knives number and their height.Experimental study showed that chip size grows when the feeding tooth, the cutting angle and the sharpness angle increase, whereas it decreases when the cutting speed increases. The process of the chip formation is composed of two mechanisms that are shear and cracks propagation. Measurement of cutting force and electric power consumption for a bandwidth up to 3 kHz bring important results to the chip size study. The chipping test bench allowed us to reveal the correlation or the independency between the parameters needed to optimize the chipping operation

Ce manuscrit traite de la fiabilité de micro-composants électro-mécaniques que l'on appelle des MEMS (Acronyme anglais signifiant Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems). Les MEMS sont utilisés dans un grand nombre de domaines et le domaine qui nous concerne est celui des télécommunications. Plus précisément, notre domaine de travail se situe autour des radio-fréquences où les MEMS vont principalement réaliser des fonctions de commutation. On appellera ainsi nos composants des MEMS-RF, RF signifiant Radio-Fréquence. Dans ce domaine, les MEMS sont des candidats à fort potentiel grâce à une faible consommation de puissance, leur performance dans le domaine RF, leur encombrement et leur poids. De plus, en utilisant un procédé de fabrication dérivé de celui des semi-conducteurs, leur coût de production reste relativement faible. Dans ce manuscrit, on s'intéresse à la fiabilité de ces composants car c'est le dernier verrou avant une éventuelle industrialisation. Les principaux mécanismes de défaillance sont abordés dans une première partie, puis ce manuscrit se concentre sur l'étude du fluage mécanique et des facteurs d'accélération de modes de défaillance. On verra notamment l'influence de la température et des conditions de fonctionnement sur la durée de vie des commutateurs. / The thesis deals with reliability of tiny electro-mechanical components called MEMS. MEMS stands for Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems. These components, designed for switching applications, are suitable candidates for telecommunications due to their low power consumption, Radio-Frequencies (RF) performances, compactness and lightness. A MEMS is fabricated using processes of integrated circuit manufacturing that makes its cost relatively low. Few of these components are commercially available and more are expected to be in the market as soon as reliability issues will be solved. Reliability issues studied in the thesis regard mechanical creep and acceleration factors. The mechanical creep occurs in our suspended structures whilst enduring a constant force, it results in deformation of structures and shift of parameters. Two innovative test benches are developed to assess mechanical creep in RF-MEMS switches. The acceleration factors are keys to conduct accelerated testings and predict lifetime of RF-MEMS switches. Parameters such as bias voltage, input-to-output voltage, temperature are varied to assess lifetime of switches and extract these acceleration factors.

L'ensemble des travaux présentés ont été effectués dans le cadre d'une thèse CIFRE entre le laboratoire Quartz EA 7393 et l'entreprise SDI. Ce travail a pour but d'apporter des solutions aux problématiques rencontrées par les ingénieurs de SDI dans le métier des essais. Le cercle de l'étude relève du domaine de la mécatronique. Ainsi, nous nous sommes attachés dans un premier temps à l'étude de l'asservissement des vérins pneumatiques. En effet, lorsqu'il s'agit de commander ce type de vérins sous des perturbations inconnues les algorithmes de commande de SDI ne permettent pas dans ces cas là de satisfaire le cahier des charges. Pour améliorer leurs performances, une commande non linéaire robuste basée sur la théorie de l'homogénéité a été développée au laboratoire Quartz et tester en temps réel à l'aide de Matlab/Simulink et d'une carte dSPACE $1103$. Par la suite, cette commande a été intégrée avec succès sur le logiciel propriétaire X'SPARe. Cette solution a donné toute satisfaction par rapport aux performances et à la fiabilité de la production industrielle.Dans un deuxième temps, un système ABS de type Bosch $5.0$ a été testé en temps réel sur un banc d'essai HIL (Hardware-in-the-loop). Pour cette raison, un modèle du véhicule a été développé sous Matlab/Simulink avec un algorithme de sélection de profils de routes qui a été intégré avec succès dans le logiciel X'SPARe. Les essais effectués en temps réel ont permis de tester l'ABS sous différents profils de routes et de valider le modèle du véhicule sur la base des distances d'arrêt obtenues en se référant aux normes du standard international SAE. / The work presented in this thesis was conducted in the context of a CIFRE contract between Quartz (EA 7393) laboratory and SDI company. This work aimed to provide best solutions to the problems encountered by SDI engineers in craft testing in the field of mechatronics. We focused first on the feedback control synthesis for a pneumatic cylinder. In fact, the control algorithms already implemented within SDI pneumatic systems do not meet the desired specifications. Therefore, a robust non-linear control based on the homogeneity theory was developed at Quartz laboratory and tested in real time using Matlab/Simulink and the dSPACE 1103 card. This control algorithm was successfully integrated within the SDI software X'SPARe. This solution gave entire satisfaction regarding performance and reliability in an industrial context.Concerning the second contribution, a Bosch $5.0$ ABS type system is to be tested in real time on a HIL test bench. For this reason, a vehicle model involving an impulsive observer was developed in Matlab/Simulink including the possibility to specify/estimate the road profiles. This model was also successfully integrated under the software X'SPARe. The tests conducted in real time allowed to characterize the ABS system under various road profiles and to validate the vehicle model as well as the observer based on the stopping distances obtained by referring to the SAE organization standards.

Este estudo compara quatro diferentes intensidades com o volume total similar no exercício supino. Avaliou-se a dor muscular de início tardio (DMIT), atividade de creatina quinase (CK), as concentrações sangüíneas de interleucina (IL)-1<font face=\"symbol\">b, IL-6, fator de necrose tumoral-<font face=\"symbol\">a (TNF-<font face=\"symbol\">a), prostaglandina E2 (PGE2) e o perfil hormonal. A amostra foi composta de soldados do exército brasileiro, divididos em cinco grupos: 50%-1RM, 75%-1RM, 90%-1RM, 110%-1RM e o controle. A DMIT e a atividade plasmática de CK aumentaram significativamente (P<0,05) após a sessão de exercício. A concentração de PGE2 também teve aumento significativo (P<0,05) após a sessão (P<0,05). A concentração plasmática de cortisol após 1h do término do exercício aumentou apenas no grupo 75%-1RM (p < 0,05). Esses resultados sugerem que a intensidade no exercício supino não afeta a magnitude da DMIT, marcadores de lesão muscular, inflamação e na resposta hormonal geral, desde que haja a equalização do volume total, com exceção da concentração plasmática do cortisol, grupo 75%-1RM. / This study compared four different intensities with similar total volume of a bench press exercise for muscle soreness, creatine kinase (CK) activity, interleukin (IL)-1<font face=\"symbol\">b, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-<font face=\"symbol\">a (TNF-<font face=\"symbol\">a), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and hormonal concentrations in the blood. Brazilian Army male soldiers were placed into five groups: 50%-1RM, 75%-1RM, 90%-1RM, and 110%-1RM, and control that did not perform the exercise. Muscle soreness and plasma CK activity increased significantly (p<0.05) after exercise. Serum PGE2 concentration also increased significantly (p<0.05) after exercise. After one hour post exercise cortisol increased in 75%-1RM group, with this response also exceeding the other intensities (p<0.05). These results suggest that the intensity of bench press exercise does not affect the magnitude of muscle soreness and blood markers of muscle damage, inflammation and largely similar hormonal responses, which may be attributed to the equalization of total volume, exception made for the 75%-1RM group for serum cortisol concentration.

Previous studies have found vocal fold hydration to be crucial for healthy function of the vocal mechanism. Surface tissue hydration facilitates efficient vocal fold oscillation. The composition of vocal fold surface fluid includes protective water and mucus layers, similar to the fluid that covers the mucosa and epithelia of the upper airway. Laryngeal dehydration has been linked to several factors such as mouth breathing, obstructive sleep apnea, dry air exposure, upper airway hypersensitivity, and certain diseases or behavioral voice use factors. Laryngeal dehydration affects phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and phonation threshold flow (PTF), defined as the pressure and flow observed at the onset of phonation, respectively. The application of topical nebulized isotonic saline (0.9% Na+Cl-) has been shown in previous work to decrease PTP. However, there are no studies examining the effects of aerosolized saline, administered supraglottally, on dehydrated excised porcine larynges. Examining the effects of aerosolized saline in an excised model is essential to determine any independent effects of this treatment in the absence of other physiologic mechanisms such as mucus secretion. This study sought to investigate the effects of aerosolized saline on dehydrated animal vocal folds to determine if the administration of supraglottic aerosolized saline, via a nebulizer, could reverse the adverse effects of laryngeal dehydration. The study included a prospective, mixed experimental design with two groups, one desiccation/aerosolization (A/B) group and a control (A) group, each comprised of five bench-mounted porcine larynges. Larynges in both groups received desiccated air (<1% relative humidity) supraglottally via custom tubing for 1-min doses until the vocal folds ceased audible phonation. Following the desiccation challenge, the A/B group received 2-min doses of aerosolized isotonic saline until phonation began again. The PTP and PTF were measured during phonation trials following each dose of the desiccation or aerosolization treatment. Significant changes in PTP and PTF were observed following both the dehydration and aerosolization treatment. The PTP increased significantly following the dehydration challenge and returned near baseline following the aerosolization treatment. The results of this investigation supported the hypothesis that the administration of aerosolized saline may reverse the adverse effects of vocal fold dehydration. Moreover, in a more physiologically realistic excised model, applying the mechanics of respiration, this study advanced the development of innovative theories related to the reversal of the adverse effects of dehydration, which may prevent the development of voice disorders.

In my thesis I'll focus on one of three disciplines in powerlifting. Specifically bench press. Aim of this thesis is confirmation of Smolov jr. training plan. Which is different from other training plans thanks to it's short term. Lasting only three weeks. Despite that I was able to find multiple articles, in which the author describes his own experience, introduces reader with the training plan and reports progress up to 10 Kg in the discipline. The research will be conducted by direct testing of the plan on a group of probands, including me. The resoult of which will be comparing of input and output values - like bodyweight, chest and arms circumference and of course maximal bench press performance per one repetition. The thesis will also include important information about bench-press as a sport, informations about diet, food supplements, regeneration and anatomy. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)