The objective of this Thesis is to outline the role of social work and social worker when accompanying a man in dying. The Thesis focuses on defining the social work and, at the same time, it points to the enormous diversity of the social work. The Thesis thus deals with the unclear definition of the field of social work as a particular helping profession, with the competency of social workers and with the current discussion about the need for a law on social workers. The Thesis also treats the phenomena of death and dying and how these issues are viewed from the perspective of social work. In the Thesis, these questions are highlighted in the context of the impact of the postmodern society. A large part of the Thesis is dedicated to finding the role of social work and social worker in hospice environment. Interest in dying clients and their loved ones represents an integral part of the Thesis, which also points out their needs, wishes and troubles. The Thesis outlines the issue of advisory for bereaved persons as well. Furthermore, it analyzes the ethical dimension of death and dying, especially with regard to human dignity. Critique of professional literature is confronted with author's own practical experience and with the output from an interview with a social worker.