Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / This phenomenological study has elicited the remembered mourning reactions of twenty-four men and women who were bereaved of one or both parents between the ages of seven and seventeen. Qualitative methods and a retrospective design were used to explore how subjects grieved, avoided the mourning process, and in ways more or less adaptive, endeavored to master their loss. The major objectives have been to identify some of the shared reactions of this group to premature parent death, and to illuminate their experience of being in the world subsequent to this loss. The study has further explored how parent loss was experienced when bereavement occurred at certain developmental stages (latency or adolescence) , or as a result of particular circumstances (suicide, sudden or anticipated death). The loss experience was remembered as a constellation of changes which both preceded and followed from the parent's actual death. In retrospect, the death was described as a nucleus or formative event around which later developments had been organized. The loss had usually been interpreted by subjects, and the meaning that was made emerged as a deeply personal, idiosyncratic formulation. Parent loss resulted for all in some alteration of their sense of self, in a loss of innocence, and an end of childhood. Particular circumstances had seemingly imposed some special strain or trauma; when the parent's death occurred at a younger age, as a result of prolonged illness, sudden accident or suicide, these deaths appeared to have been more difficult for subjects to resolve than those which resulted at a later age, or from natural causes. Gender differences were also noted: father-bereaved subjects (male and female) were more likely to feel overburdened or engulfed by their widowed parent than were their mother-bereaved counterparts. The phenomenon of early parent loss was described as a complex and multi-faceted event, the understanding and treatment of which may be enhanced by using a variety of theoretical perspectives. Treatment objectives should include helping the bereaved to resume and advance their mourning process and to further those developmental tasks which were not accomplished before the parent's death. / 2031-01-01

Barn får idag inte alltid möjlighet att bearbeta sin sorg. I tron om att de skyddar sina barn utesluter föräldrar barnen från viktiga delar i sorgeprocessen. Hur en person upplever sorghantering i barndomen har inverkan på vilka möjligheter denne får till en hälsosam sorghantering i vuxen ålder. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur föräldrar kan tala med sina barn om sorg, vilken roll föräldrar kan uppleva att de har i sina barns sorghantering samt hur föräldrar kan uppleva att deras barndomsrelaterade erfarenheter av sorghantering har inflytande på hur de talar med sina barn om sorg. Intervjuer gjordes med sju föräldrar. Föräldrarna berättade att de är öppna, lyhörda, involverande och visar närhet samt upplever sin roll i barnens sorg som primär. Tydligt blev att föräldrarnas barndomsrelaterade erfarenheter haft inflytande i hur de talar med sina barn om sorg då majoriteten av föräldrarna medvetet hanterar sorg tvärtemot hur deras föräldrar gjort.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第25009号 / 人健博第117号 / 新制||人健||8(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 若村 智子, 教授 千葉 理恵, 教授 村井 俊哉 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

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In recent years, the opioid epidemic in the United States has garnered attention on a federal and local level due to the increasing number of fatal overdoses. This study aimed to explore the experiences of parents who have an adult child who has passed away from an opioid overdose. This study used the Double ABC-X model of family stress theory. Bonadaptation versus maladaptation of each parent was discussed across a multitude dimensions. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with six parents living in the state of Maryland who each had an adult child, age 18+, die from an opioid overdose 2 or more years prior to the study. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Themes that emerged were as follows: the grieving process, support vs. stigma, experiences with state and local services, parental guilt, shame, and unanswered questions, coping mechanisms, and post-mortem life changes. While overall adaptation levels varied among participants, all participants reported positive and negative outcomes related to their experience of grief and loss. Implications for clinical practice and intervention are discussed. Researchers also make recommendations for future research. / Master of Science / This study aimed to explore the experiences of parents who have had an adult child pass away from an opioid overdose. The study utilized Family Stress theory, a theory which focuses on how families respond and adapt after a crisis occurs, for this research. The following themes emerged from interviews with parents: the grieving process itself, support vs. stigma, experiences with state and local services, parental guilt, shame, and unanswered questions, coping mechanisms, and post-mortem life changes. While adaptation varied among participants, participants reported both positive and negative outcomes related to their experiences of grief and loss.

No / This study considered the nature of continuing bonds with deceased relatives in a sample of Pakistani Muslims living in the United Kingdom. Ten participants were interviewed following a cultural psychology approach and transcripts were analyzed using grounded theory methodology. Dreaming, talking with others about the deceased, following the deceased's example, keeping memories and mementos, and doing actions thought to help the deceased were forms of continued relationship found. These were intertwined with the process of grieving and were influenced by the family, culture, and religion. Religion was a strong influence on the prominence given by participants to finishing well and on the notion of doing actions thought to help the deceased. Cultural mores, such as the community, and collectivist ethos and the expectation that emotion would be expressed around the time of death, were found to be supportive for some but sources of tension for other participants. Expressing a continuing bond through following the deceased's example so as to make them proud or happy seemed to be reinforced by cultural roots in respect for elders. Participants gave instances of tensions in areas such as expression of emotion and communality versus individualism that arose as a result of their position between two cultural frameworks, some illustrating how assimilation into the host culture set up conflict with the expected norms of their family/ancestral culture. The study highlights how understanding different cultural and religious influences may enrich the concept of continuing bonds.

Yes / Aims: To determine who provides bereavement support in the community, what sources are perceived to be the most or least helpful and for what reason, and to identify the empirical elements for optimal support in developing any future compassionate communities approach in palliative care. Design: A population-based cross-sectional investigation of bereavement experiences. Sources of support (informal, community and professional) were categorised according to the Public Health Model of Bereavement Support; most helpful reasons were categorised using the Social Provisions Scale, and least helpful were analysed using inductive content analysis. Setting and participants: Bereaved people were recruited from databases of funeral providers in Australia via an anonymous postal survey (2013–2014). Results: In total, 678 bereaved people responded to the survey. The most frequently used sources of support were in the informal category such as family, friends and funeral providers. While the professional category sources were the least used, they had the highest proportions of perceived unhelpfulness whereas the lowest proportions of unhelpfulness were in the informal category. The functional types of helpful support were Attachment, Reliable Alliance, Social Integration and Guidance. The five themes for least helpful support were: Insensitivity, Absence of Anticipated Support, Poor Advice, Lack of Empathy and Systemic Hindrance. Conclusion: A public health approach, as exemplified by compassionate communities policies and practices, should be adopted to support the majority of bereaved people as much of this support is already provided in informal and other community settings by a range of people already involved in the everyday lives of those recently bereaved. This study has provided further support for the need to strengthen the compassionate communities approach, not only for end of life care for dying patients but also along the continuum of bereavement support. / Health Department of Western Australia.

Yes / Modern, advanced healthcare detects and monitors long-term and life-limiting illness more comprehensively than ever before. However, death is now often considered medical failure, and is a virtually taboo topic of conversation in daily life. At a time when the societal relevance of archaeology is under scrutiny more than ever before, the AHRC-funded Continuing Bonds Project – a collaboration between archaeology and palliative care – explores the potential of the past to promote discussion. Not only does archaeology illuminate the diversity of practice surrounding death, the past provides a safe, distanced platform for considering death, dying and bereavement today. Through archaeological and ethnographic case studies, health and social care professionals and students consider topics such as place, choice and identity, in both personal and professional life. This article examines participant responses to a variety of archaeological material and presents post-workshop reflections which demonstrate the success of archaeology in opening up conversations and increasing confidence in discussing this most enduring and problematic of life events. / Arts and Humanities Research Council