The issue of integration of children of asylum seekers and immigrants living in the Czech Republic is the theme of the thesis. I have chosen the topic because I find it very interesting and an up-to-day subject which is in the way of all citizens of the Czech Republic. I have focused the theoretical part on clarifying some concepts, such as: asylum seeker, immigrant, foreigner, refugee, unaccompanied minors, integration and other ones. The aim of the thesis is to find out obstacles for the integration of children of asylum seekers and immigrants living in the Czech Republic. For the implementation of the research part of the thesis, I have chosen the qualitative type of research - the method of interview - the technique of interview. A sociometric test has been chosen as a complementary method. The research was conducted in Permon, a facility for foreign children, from January 2011 to March 2011. The Research Group No 1 consisted of ten immigrant children from 7 to18 years old (in case of students their age could be 21 years at the utmost). The research of asylum seeking children was not enabled. The facility is obliged to protect the children and does not provide any information about them. I have processed the results through the form of case studies. For the purpose of the research implementation, I have divided the integration into five areas (language, culture, housing, social relations and needs). A questionnaire designed by PhDr. Kovařík and Prof. Dunovský was another independent part of my research. In the area of language, it came in sight that most immigrant children communicate in Czech language which they learned from their parents or, and it is very rare, in detention facilities for foreigners. The most frequent problem in this area is writing (spelling). In the area of culture, it came in sight that despite the possibility to observe customs of their original countries, very few respondents cherish them here in the Czech Republic. Customs and traditions differ from country to country, but it does not hinder the integration of children of immigrants. As for the area of housing, all respondents are living in the facility for children ? immigrants. They travel home, if there is the home, only at weekends or according to capability of their parents. All but two respondents are happy at home. In the area of social relations, it came in sight that if respondents need any help, they mostly approach teachers and educators but also friends and parents. In the last area, the area of needs, it came in sight that the most frequent need is to be with their families and then the need for greater freedom. The additional questionnaire for children revealed that what respondents are the most worried about is that they will not see their families any more. On the other hand, weekends spent with their families and leaving the facility are the two things that they are looking forward to the most. It is possible to say that respondents feel that the facility is a barrier which prevents them from integration into mainstream society and deprives them from their freedom. The sociometric test was performed in one secondary school and in one primary school in the town of Písek in February and March 2011. The Research Group No 2 consisted of students of different grades and age (7-17 years old) including foreigners. The test was performed in five classes. The test results showed that foreign children have no problem with their integration. Based on the results of the sociometric test, it is possible to take the assumption that the origin of children is not an obstacle in communication with other children. This assumption can be a basis for more extensive research. It is possible to use the thesis as a basis for any quantitative research. What is more, the thesis can serve the general public to increase their awareness of this issue.

Když jsem se začínal zajímat o umění, ihned jsem byl fascinován emocemi a zkušenostmi, které vám Umění může přinést. Vliv umění mne inspiroval odjakživa. Prozkoumával jsem mnohé zkušenosti a koncepty světa ve snaze změnit naše vize a stav mysli. Zkušenosti s formou a prostorem v umění vytvářejí nový svět v naší mysli, což je ideální způsob k procítění emoce Uměleckého Díla. V dnešní době je zapotřebí probudit představivost v myslích lidí, kteří jsou často sobečtí a frustrovaní. Od začátku století je koncepce světa v umění falešná, postrádající citlivost, a proto musíme dokázat, že svět může být zachráněn. V dnešní době je zapotřebí býti frustrovaný, unavený, ustrašený, nemocný, šťastný a v lásce. V tomto novém věku moderních strojů a vyspělých technologií chceme zažívat nové zkušenosti. Jsme závislí na sledování představ v realitě. Což je i pro mne způsob, jak cítit emoce.

The thesis is focus on the issue of homelessness in the context of the usage of addictive substances. The aim of this thesis was to analyse links between addiction's behaviour and homelessness. And, to recommend suitable and effective tools for re-socialization of homeless people in accordance with the study results. The research was developed at the turn of the years 2017/2018 in the form of extensive questionnaire survey within the group of homeless people in the Prague city. The research included 300 participants. The methods of the data collection were the structured questionnaire. The research used common statistical techniques. The survey population was selected according to the methods of non-probability purposing sampling. The survey showed alarming information - 65 % of all participants within the homeless people are problematic users of alcohol and drugs. According to the research, homelessness determined the usage of addictive substances, as well as it is the consequence of that. One of the common characteristics of the homeless problematic users of addictive substances is the childhood, or at least the half of the childhood spent in the children's home, or in another diagnostic or detention centre. Half of the participants were imprisoned. The research showed that imprisonment and...

Cattle breeding causes one of the biggest gas pollutions. As measuring of gas concentration still remains very difficult, it's not easy to set up improving technologies. This thesis is therefore aimed on measuring of ammonia, microclimate and ammonia emissions of cattle excluding market cattle sucklers while both pasture and winter stabling. As a suitable place for measuring, a farm of Radomir Sedlacek was chosen. To verify proposed method in practice, measuring took place also in other pasturing areas. Total average of ammonia concentration in pasture measuring was 0,5123 mg.m-3. Total average of specific producing emissions from the pasture was 25,45825,458 kg.ks-1.rok-1. Total average concentration in the stable of all six probes was 0,7035403 NH3 mg.m-3. Total average of producing emission in the stable of all six probes was 113,2744816 kg.stáj-1.rok-1. Specific producing emission for one animal while stabling was 1,742684332 kg.ks-1.rok-1. Suggested action to decrease ammonia emissions on the pasture is use of Amalgerol classic. In the stables this preparation is suggested to go together with PRP FIX fermentation. When combined, up to 70% decrease of ammonia emissions can be achieved.

My thesis deals with the topic of prostitution. As a research strategy for my master thesis I have chosen qualitative research. For developing my paper I was using various research methods such as participant observation, unstructured interviews, case study and qualitative comparative analysis. My paper is based on empirical studies which I have obtained during my internship in the organization Albertine Prosjektet in Stavanger likewise on cooperation with the Czech NGO Rozkoš bez rizika in České Budějovice. My results appeared from unstructured interviews with social workers of both organizations as well as with women in prostitution, and subsequent interconnection with theoretical knowledge. My aim was to elaborate a comparative study of prostitution in the Czech Republic and Norway with predominant focus on the České Budějovice area and Stavanger area in order to present the current situation in prostitution markets. Feminist points of view play also an important role because prostitution can be explained as a gender-based phenomenon. This perspective is one of the key points of my paper.

This thesis contains two sections: a theoretical section, as well as a section featuring qualitative research with interviews with parents and analysis of children's speeches. The author's aim in the theoretical part, based on previously published academic papers, is to describe what bilingualism is, as well as to describe all its accompanying phenomena. The author briefly describes different types of bilingualism, the acquisition of a mother tongue, and different strategies for both raising children bilingually and bilingual education. In the second chapter the author presents the project Czech School without Borders and introduces the institution Czech School Manchester chaired by Pavla Matásková which follows the idea of the former. The third chapter contains case studies introducing individual preschool pupils' language biographies and their communicative competencies in Czech. The last chapter then sums up and evaluates what methods and materials are used in Czech School Manchester. Key words: Bilingualism, upbringing bilingual children, bilingual education, Czech School Manchester

Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Candidate: Barbora Gorová Supervisor: Assoc Prof. Přemysl Mladěnka, Pharm.D., Ph.D. Title of thesis: Iron-chelating properties of fruit extracts of various elderberries Inorganic iron is the major food source of iron in humans. It plays role in many biochemical reactions. Thus, iron metabolism disorders can lead to different diseases associated with lack of iron or iron overload. One of the possible treatment modalities of the latter represents the administration of iron chelators. Elderberry, Sambucus nigra L. (Adoxaceae), has been used in traditional medicine. The fruits of elderberry are a rich source of cyanidin-based anthocyanins as the main component. There are important differences, both in chemical and physical properties between several cultivars of elderberry. Anthocyanins might interact with metals in the gastrointestinal tract by formation of chelates. However, data on metal interactions with anthocyanins are sparse. The main aim of this study was to perform the analysis of interaction of iron with elderberry fruit extracts as a rich and cheap source of anthocyanins with cyanidin as the aglycon. In this in vitro study ten elderberry fruit exctracts were tested for iron chelating activities...

BK virus (BKV) is a ubiquitous polyomavirus known to asymptomatically reside in the renal tissues of up to 90% of the human population. BK virions reactivate during periods of intense immunosuppression and can cause disease in renal transplant recipients, such as BKV-associated nephropathy (BKVAN). BKVAN can lead to loss of the transplanted renal grafts. For this reason, the study of BKV biology is of importance to the transplant community. Previous studies have shown that BKV upregulates the pro-growth mTOR pathway in host cells, thereby increasing BKV replicative efficiency. Downstream effectors of the mTOR pathway, particularly p70S6 kinase, control the basal rate of protein translation, in part through regulation of ribosomal biogenesis. It was hypothesized that viral upregulation of the mTOR pathway is beneficial for viral replication due to an increase in the number of ribosomes available to translate viral proteins. Therefore, inhibition of the mTOR pathway could reduce viral replication. This study investigated whether host cell mTOR inhibition could reduce BK viral replication in an in vitro model. We utilized the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP BEZ-235 (Novartis Pharmaceuticals), which potently downregulates expression of both upstream (PI3K) and central (mTOR) effectors of the mTOR pathway. Immortalized renal epithelial cells were exposed to varying concentrations of BEZ-235 for a period of 48 hours, infected with BK virus for three hours, and allowed to grow for a further 48 hours. Cell populations were then assayed via quantitative PCR (qPCR), Western blotting and fluorescent immunohistochemical staining to determine the effect of BEZ-235 on BK viral replication. Western blot experiments confirmed the effectiveness of BEZ-235's inhibition of the mTOR pathway in a renal epithelial cell culture model, as well as downregulation of the mTOR pathway during BK viral infection. Western blotting for the key BK replicative protein Large T antigen showed a dose-dependent decrease in expression, with increasing concentrations of BEZ-235. Fluorescent immunohistochemical staining showed a dose-dependent decrease in expression of Large T antigen staining in host cell nuclei. qPCR results were inconclusive, in that no clear pattern in the number of BKV genomes per cell population could be observed across the range of BEZ-235 concentrations tested. While results from our study indicate that BEZ-235 can reduce BKV replication in vitro, further in vitro experimentation, including repetition of approaches already carried out as well as novel approaches, will be needed to definitively confirm inhibition of the mTOR pathway as a viable antiviral strategy.

A crime of rape (selected issues) Abstract The thesis deals with the concept of the crime of rape. The ambition of the graduate was not to give an all-embiscite interpretation of this crime from the point of view of criminal law and criminology, but to deal with the basic characteristics of rape and to respond to a possible change in the current law definition of rape. The introduction to the thesis first presents the basic historical development of this crime. Historical developments are demonstrated on three fictional stories so that the reader of the thesis can better imagine the main changes that have taken place in the area of basic constituent elements of the crime. Another part of the thesis consists of an analysis of the basic constituent elements of the of rape in § 185 of the Criminal Code. The interpretation of the basic constituent elements of this offence, complements the interpretation by legal theory and the interpretation of the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic. The following chapter in the thesis deals with the construction of the legal definition of rape as sexual intercourse without expressing voluntary consent. This chapter presents a list of states that legislate the crime of rape as sexual intercourse without consent. The following is an analysis of the...

This thesis focuses on the preparation of selected alcohol extracts of elderberry and their use in cosmetology. In the theoretical part are described the botanical properties of the elderberry (Sambucus nigra). There are introduced and characterized bioactive compounds and toxic compounds contained in all vegetative parts of the plant. Attention is mostly focused on compounds with antioxidant properties. The theoretical part also contains a description of basic analytical methods, which are used in the practical part to characterize compounds contained in elder flowers. The practical part focuses on the optimization of the preparation of alcohol extracts with the aim to prepare the extract with the greatest possible content of polyphenols with respect to economy and production costs. Factors such as selection of the appropriate solvent, solvent to plant material ratio, solvent temperature, and extraction time are examined. Based on the total polyphenol concentration measured spectrophotometrically by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, the most suitable solvent is 60% ethanol, the ratio of plant material to solvent is 1:8, the laboratory temperature of solvent and the extraction time of 24 hours.Under these conditions, an ethanol extract is prepared, analyzed and determined selected properties, such as refractive index and density. Rutin, chlorogenic, caffeic and ferulic acids are identified by HPLC with a DAD detector. The pH value of alcohol extract is 5.743 ± 0.006, the refractive index is 1.365 ± 0.02 at 22.7 ° C and the density is 0.9288 gcm-3. By liquid chromatography the concentration of chlorogenic acids is quantified as 0.104 gl-1, caffeic acid as 0.086 gl-1 and ferulic acid as 0.060 gl-1. The extract is incorporated into cosmetic products, that are used in balneology. Prepared products are toilet soap and bath salt.