The aim of this thesis is to evaluate two localities with different intensity of agricultural use in terms of ecosystem services provided by nature habitats. In connection with the evaluation of the sites is in the works documented incidence size seminatural habitats, natural calculated value of the studied area using Biotope Vaulation Method (Seják et al., 2003) Application MapoMat developed by the Agency for Nature Conservation and Landscape. The value of ecosystem services is determined through expert analysis by replacement cost. There were differences in the value of ecosystem services important habitats between conventional and organic farming at localities 1 and 4. Natural habitat value conventionally used the site has a 2.53 milKč compared to the organic farming locality where the value was estimated at 194.6 milKč, In this context that the value of ecosystem services locations 1 shows a value of 4438.96 milesCZKyear-1 compared to location 4, calling shows a value of 7905.01 milesCZKyear-1. On this basis, were statistically significant differences in both localities in terms of the frequency of diversity factors examined specimens of ground beetles are examined diversity index P <0001.

The subject of this diploma thesis was the research of vegetation at localities in the Protected Landscape Area Bohemian Paradise. There were choosen areas: Natural Monument Podloučky and Protected Area Fialník, where grows an orchid Gymnadenia conopsea subsp. montana. There were made 60 phytocenological samples, and described: biotop, altitude, slope, huminidy and exposure. There were found four orchid species in the localities. Phytocenological samples were compared with each other. It has been shown that differences between localities are greater than the differences between orchid and non-orchid samples. Significant differences were also found in comparing the coverage in the floor between locations and abundace of species in each floor.

The aim of the work was to describe the biodiversity of model groups of organisms (vascular plants, epigeic beetles and small mammals) in six transect crossing the two year old high way situated close to the town Písek (South Bohemia). The different methods were used for studied groups (phytocenological mapping, pitfall traps and mousetraps). The results documented the possibility of all studied organisms for the quick recolonization of new biotopes beside of the high way.

This thesis aimed on comparison of environmental requirements and morphological and biological traits of diploid and triploid cytotypes of wetland plant flowering rush (Butomus umbellatus), occurring in Eastern Slovak Lowland in unique mixed populations, and to develop primers for variable microsatellite loci suitable for further genetic studies. In total, 72 populations of Butomus umbellatus were found. The analysis of relative genome size by the flow cytometry (FCM) technique revealed 34 exclusively triploid cytotype populations, 8 exclusively diploid populations and 30 mixed populations of Butomus umbellatus. In mixed populations, the numbers of diploid and triploid individuals are quite equivalent and the plants create combined compact communities. Analyses of environmental characteristics of sites with specific cytotypes (PCA, RDA, ANOVA) revealed no difference in site requirements of diploid and triploid Butomus umbellatus plants. Morphometric analyses (PCA, CDA) of traits of 36 diploid and 54 triploid plants confirmed differing morphology of both cytotypes occurring in the nature. Subsequent replanting of these plants into pots and cultivation further increased these differences. The ratio of width and length of internal perianthium is the most reliable parameter to distinguish diploid and...

The forest area in which this biotope survey was executed is located east of Mjälahult, in the county of Hylte. East of the area lies the lake Stora Allgunnen, which is part of the main catchment area of Nissan and contains perch, bream, pike, whitefish and pike-perch. The examined forest is a deciduous forest consisting of beech and oak, with elements of birch, rowan, hazel, spruce, and pine. There are signs that the forest was formerly used as a pasture, with old stone walls surrounding the entire area and an old road crossing the middle of the forest. The area consists of a lot of moss-covered stones, stone cairns, dead wood, beard lichens and signs from great spotted woodpecker. The main purpose of this biotope survey is to evaluate biotopes that are of value for biodiversity, in order to protect valuable nature. This biotope survey has been executed according to the national Swedish standard for biodiversity surveys (SS 199000:2014), with an addition for value elements. During the inventory, four different biotopes were identified - mixed forest, beach forest, mixed swamp forest and noble deciduous forest. Two biotopes were identified as biotopes of considerable biotope value - mixed swamp forest and noble deciduous forest. The third biotope - beach forest was identified as a biotope of certain biotope value. Parts of the area - mixed forest, was identified as a biotope of no considerable biotope value. Even though only two of four biotopes have a considerable biotope value, the objects that have a significant value cover large areas of the forest, which raises interest in preserving and protecting the entire forest in the long term, considering that it will promote biodiversity in the future. / Ögärdet skog ligger öster om Mjälahult i Hylte kommun. Öster om skogen ligger sjön St. Allgunnen, vilken ingår i Nissans huvudavrinningsområde och där man bland annat kan hitta abborre, braxen, gädda, sik och gös. Den inventerade skogen är en ädellövskog som består av bok och ek, med inslag av björk, rönn, hassel, gran och tall. Det finns tecken på att området förr har använts som betesskog med gamla stenmurar som inhägnar området. Det finns även tydliga tecken på en gammal väg som korsar den nuvarande grusvägen och in i skogen. Området består av mycket mossbeklädda stenar, stenrösen, död ved, skägglavar och spår från större hackspett. Det huvudsakliga syftet med denna biotopinventering är att värdera biotoper som är utav värde för biologisk mångfald, samt för att utveckla ett skydd för dessa biotoper. Arbetet är utfört enligt SIS standard (SS 199000:2014), med tillägg värdeelement. Under inventeringen identifierades fyra olika biotoper – blandskog, strandskog, blandsumpskog och ädellövskog. Två biotoper identifierades med ett påtagligt biotopvärde, vilka var ädellövskog och blandsumpskog. Den tredje biotopen som identifierades var strandskog, vilken bedömdes ha ett visst biotopvärde. Delar av området identifierades även till biotopen blandskog, vilka bedömdes ha ett obetydligt biotopvärde. De värdeelement som påträffades täcker stora ytor av skogen och har ett högt naturvärde, vilket ger upphov till ett intresse att bevara och skydda skogen långsiktigt med förutsättning att den i framtiden kan gynna biologisk mångfald.

Die Kreuz- und die Wechselkröte sind typische Pionierarten, die ursprünglich in den Flussauen vorkamen. Die Broschüre macht auf die Gefährdungsursachen der beiden Amphibienarten aufmerksam. Sie enthält zahlreiche Hinweise, wie Eigentümer oder Nutzer von Grundstücken und insbesondere auch die Bergbau betreibenden Unternehmen zu einem wirksamen Schutz der Kreuz- und Wechselkröte beitragen können. Es ist eine große Herausforderung für die Zukunft, in den Flussauen wieder größere Bereiche mit einer weitgehend ungestörten Überflutungsdynamik zu schaffen und den Arten damit die Rückkehr in ihre natürlichen Lebensräume zu ermöglichen. Redaktionsschluss: 28.08.2020

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The diploma program summarized in this paper was to evaluate the habitats of Gentianella Praecox, subsp. Bohemica, in the Chvalšiny and Český Krumlov areas where the taxon can be encountered on eight sites. The narrative section, summarizing the biological and ecological aspects of the species, provides also information on why the taxon is endangered and how it can be protected. A special chapter is dedicated to the program of its recovery. The methodological section, characterizing the area of interest and its different sites, describes also the procedure applied to create and evaluate phytocoenological relevés. The chapter is complemented with information on the numbers of plants in bloom, a figure representing the communities of Gentianella praecox, subsp. bohemica, as found at the individual habitats. Statistical evaluations of the phytocoenological relevés revealed, inter alia, a certain change in the species composition and coverage, primarily on all sites at Svatý Kříž (Chvalšiny). The change observed in these habitats manifested itself also through the increase in coverage of the more mesic species of Plantago lanceolata, Achillea millefolium, and Lotus corniculatus. The numbers of individual plants of Gentianella praecox, subsp. bohemica, encountered in bloom showed substantial year-on-year fluctuation.

The purpose of this thesis is to develop a comprehensive educational program involving student activities related to the biotope of the garden pond. The theoretical part deals with general issues of inquiry-based education and the utilization of school gardens. The main contribution of the thesis is the creation of a concrete educational program, comprising seven activities which employ the environment of a garden pond. It is designated for biology and geography classes at middle/secondary schools. Each activity portfolio consists of a methodological sheet for teachers and a work sheet for students. Most activities can be carried in the environment of any water tank; some activities can be also done in the school building. The training program was pilot tested with elementary school teachers and subsequently with sixth and seventh grade students. Concurrently, an evaluation of the program's effectiveness was implemented in the form of written tests. The thesis discusses the findings from this evaluation as well as the practical verification of the suggested program that was carried out on teachers and on students.

The main goal of my work was to determine knowledge of the Třeboň Region as a unique nature area not only for the Czech Republic but also for all of Europe, knowledge and use of educational trails, the spa function of the town and knowledge of the Třeboň Region in general.