Abstract Taiwan is surrounded by seas. The extensive seas cover tropical and sub-tropical zones. In this environment of diverse marine ecology, seas surrounding Taiwan are rich fisheries. In recent years, in addition to fishing boats of Taiwan fishing in these zones, there are also China fishing boats always trying to trespass. They fish by such operating methods as poisoning, dynamiting, and sea bed roller nets. Long-term excessive catching abuses have severely damaged the fishing resources and marine ecology in the seas surrounding Taiwan, leading to declining fishing yields and jeopardizing the livelihood of fishermen of Taiwan and operating safety in the seas. Sea patrol authorities have long caught and expelled these trespassing ships, but they have been at the same time unable to prevent China fishing boats from trespassing and fishing illegally, especially in winter months when the weather is bad. In this season, due to the unfavorable weather, the patrol ships cannot endure the maximum wave endurance and cannot go out to expel China ships. This has caused that China fishing boats continue trespassing, making the problem of excessive catching in our seas persist. China fishing boats trespass our seas to make inappropriate excessive catch. At the same time, some Taiwan fishermen make transactions with China fishing boats in the high sea. All these have influenced the fishing resources and economy of Taiwan and obscured the reality that the two sides on the Taiwan Strait are under separate administrative jurisdiction. China fishing boats trespassing the territorial sea of Taiwan and Taiwan¡¦s sea patrol units towing back the caught fishing boats for ensuing handling have made it possible for China fishermen to understand the harbor environment and shipping routes. This has been a worry for our sea defense. It is very important to devise and formulate counter strategies to respond to the problems derived from China fishing boats trespassing Taiwan¡¦s territorial seas so that Taiwan¡¦s limited patrol and law enforcement capacities can yield the maximum enforcement efficiency. In view of this, this research conducted in-depth investigations into the current conditions of Taiwan¡¦s sea patrol authorities in expelling and forfeiting China fishing boats and the difficult parts with relation to laws and practical execution aspect, and brought up concrete solution ideas that will be referred to by decision-makers and executors. It is hoped to construct an excellent marine environment and facilitate the perennial development and exploitation of marine resources. Keywords: China fishing boat, trespassed fishing, marine ecology

The lack of a necessary rational framework for assessing ship stability was the main concern of this research. The aim was to develop a rational philosophy and a logical procedure of assessing intact stability in order to ensure a consistent and unified approach to design for operation and for survival. The method uniquely brings together a linearised analysis for assessing a potentially dangerous roll motion with a probabilistic assessment of ship performance in rough seas on a standard test-track. This represents a significant advance on previous research. A novel feature of the analysis was that prediction of the extreme capsize roll motion was not attempted per se. Instead a reduced level of roll response termed "potentially dangerous" roll motion was selected (based on discussions with seagoing personnel) beyond which there was evidence that loss of the vessel is likely. Validation of the linear spectral analysis used in the simulations was performed using full scale trial results of a fisheries protection vessel. Provided that measured values of roll damping coefficient were used, the predicted values of extreme roll closely matched the maximum values experienced on sea trials up to the chosen value of critical roll angle of 30 degrees. Particular attention was paid to the realistic modelling of total system behaviour in rough seas. Families of wave spectra were used to represent the complete range of wave conditions encountered in nature. Avoidance and pacifying seamanship were incorporated based on the results of available trials data and discussions with serving masters. Independent (Bernoulli) trials procedures were used to calculate the cumulative probability of a critical roll motion being exceeded at least once during the vessel's passage through the test-track. The value of critical motion exceedance obtained was 5x10ˉ² for the fisheries protection vessel which has a large metacentic height and is reported to have good seakeeping characteristics.

The central focus of my thesis is the symbolism of money and the power it holds in the Riau archipelago and Batam of Indonesia to affect the nature of social relationships. These social relationships in turn affect the different forms of exchange that take place in the archipelago. In particular, I am exploring the meaning and moral implications of monetary and commercial exchanges in contrast to exchanges of other kinds that take place between the Orang Suku Laut and other Malay and non-Malay communities. The Orang Suku Laut are regarded as the Orang asli Melayu (indigenous Malays) of Riau. Yet in the interaction between the Malays and Orang Suku Laut, there exists much fear between them with constant accusations of being poisoned and harmed by one and the other through practices of magic and witchcraft. This stems from the Malays' perception of the Orang Suku Laut as a "dangerous, dirty and unprogressive people. " The Orang Suku Laut are regarded as preferring a life of nomadism, and one without a religious orientation towards Islam, as opposed to a life of sedentism guided by the Islamic religion. This thesis explores how this self and other perceptions which have shaped the image of the Orang Suku Laut, have become enmeshed in the exchange economy of the Orang Suku Laut and the Malays.

Stora Vika ligger nordväst om Nynäshamn och är ett litet före detta brukssamhälle vid Fållnäsviken. Tidigare präglades området av Cementas fabrik och kalkbrott med ett tätt sammanvävt lokalsamhälle. Eftersom det inte finns någon aktiv arbetsgivare i Stora Vika längre har mycket av det kommunala serviceutbudet försvunnit såsom skolor, tät lokaltrafik och affärer. Detta medför att ingen längre jobbar i Stora Vika och de måste pendla till andra orter för arbete. Efter Cementa lade ner sin verksamhet i orten sjönk invånarantalet kraftigt men har på senare tid börjat öka igen - än väldigt långsamt. Däremot har föreningslivet  fortsatt varit aktivt och båtklubben är en viktig knutpunkt för invånarna. I dag huserar båtklubben i en liten byggnad intill båtupplaget men som inte har kapacitet att fungera som en samlingslokal. Samtidigt råder det en kraftig brist på båtvarv och båtsnickare i Stockholmsregionen, detta då de har fått ge vika åt bostadsexploateringar - eftersom de ligger i attraktiva och sjönära områden. Detta öppnar upp en möjlighet att kapitalisera på Stora Vikas nuvarande sociala värden och tillföra mervärden i form av arbete, lärande samt utöka båtklubbens resurser och yta. Projektet ämnas att skapa ett stort båtsnickeri med tillräckligt med plats för att kunna husera kompetensutvecklande kurser samt yrkesutbildningar för båtsnickeri. Övre plan skall användas som klubbhus åt Stora Vika Båtklubb med extra program för att stärka Stora Vikas attraktionskraft. / Stora Vika is located northwest of Nynäshamn and is a small former industrial community. In the past, the area was characterized by Cementa's factory and limestone quarry with a closely interwoven local community. Since there is no longer an active employer in Stora Vika, many of the municipal services have disappeared, such as schools, frequent local traffic and shops. This means that Stora Vika now are forced commute to other towns for work. After Cementa closed down their operation the population decreased but has recently started to increase again - albeit very slowly. However, the community has remained active and the boat club is an important meeting point for the residents. Today, the boat club is housed in a small building next to the boat yard, but it does not have the capacity to function as a meeting place. At the same time, there is a significant shortage of boatyards and boat builders in the Stockholm region. This provides an opportunity to capitalize on Stora Vikas' current social assets and add value in terms of employment, learning and expanding the resources and space for the boat club. The project aims to create a large boat workshop with enough space to accommodate skill development courses and carpentry education. The upper floor will be used as a clubhouse for the Stora Vika Boat Club with additional programs to strengthen Stora Vika's attractiveness.

The Maritime museum is currently investigating possibilities for an exhibition building housing the ceremony boat the “Royal Barge of Sweden” and 18th century King Gustav III’s leisure boats. I hope to influence this debate with this degree project. The architectural theme of the project has been learning about natural light and its relation to exhibition spaces. The initial research phase consisted of museum visits, research into projects by Gunnar Mattson and a historic comparison of the Maritime museum’s exhibition rooms. The proposed building is in Haga park, connecting to an existing jetty below Vasaslätten’s café. A concrete dry dock with an adjacent exhibition space is the main room of the building, making it possible to use the largest barge on the Brunnsviken waters. The rest of the building parts are smaller wooden pavilions on land, exhibiting the boats that are not in use. A variety of spaces and light conditions are offered. The dry dock is approached from a dark narrow entrance and opens to a bright tall space as one walk down a red carpet. The leisure boat pavilions are lit from underneath, giving the impression of the boats floating in another element.

At the beginning of American involvement in the Second World War the United States Navy developed a new class of vessel that had a tremendous impact during World War II. This vessel was the Patrol Torpedo boat. Originally designed to conduct torpedo attacks on enemy surface vessels, the PT boat successfully adapted multiple roles in addition to being a torpedo attack craft. The versatility of the Patrol Torpedo boat during World War II serving in these various roles and as an element of the US Navy has not been recognized by recent scholarship. Using primary sources from the National Archives in College Park, Maryland, and secondary sources this paper demonstrates that the Patrol Torpedo boat was a weapon that exemplified economy of force. A small inexpensive naval vessel was able to replace larger ships and work with different elements of the fleet to deny the use of coastal waters to the enemy.

Flight and drop tests of the Martin 270 (M270) seaplane were conducted in 1955. Theoretical and empirical pressures were determined by use of Wagner’s theory and also by the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). The pressure results from the experimental tests on the hull were compared with pressures calculated from Wagner’s theory to determine how well the theory correlated with the measured pressures. The experimental pressure data was also compared with the CFR results to determine how the current industry standard of estimating impact loads compares with actual pressures a seaplane is subjected to. Using the structural design and geometry of the M270 the seaplane hull was modeled in Maestro with a coarse mesh finite element model. The pressures from Wagner’s theory and the CFR were applied to the model of the M270 hull. The structural reactions of the drop test section were compared with the reactions determined from Maestro.

The following paper is the final thesis of two years long experimental work conducted on two different collections of soil samples coming from two different Norwegian archaeological sites. In particular, the first collection of soil samples comes from an identified boat grave from the Viking Age (eg Sykehus area Kristiansand County, Vest-Agder). The second one comes also from a boat grave from Vestfold region in Hejmdaljordet archaeological site. Both the collections of samples have been analysed with geochemical methods (phosphate extraction and determination, magnetic susceptibility and loss on ignition), NIR (Near-InfraRed) spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence. Although the contexts are different, a comparison between them has been attempted. In particular, the first boat grave presented a very altered and spoiled conditions because of different disturbance actions coming from atmospheric factors but also human actions such as looting or burning, that have not permitted the discovery of significant archaeological findings. Conversely, the second boat grave presented more favourable conditions and also a discrete preservation. In fact, it was possible to recover the belongs of the dead, such as fragments of the belt, a sword and the rivets surrounding the boat. Thanks to the wide series of analysis conducted on soil samples and to an accurate comparison between the two boat graves, it has been possible to detect the presence of high concentration of organic matter (eventual presence of the human body), a high level of magnetic susceptibility (eventual presence of metallic components detected in the soil), detection of specific chemical elements in the soil that could attest the eventual presence of items within the graves and finally, a general report of the possible anthropological impact by the light spectra measurements, through the use of spectroscopy. All the results collected have been interpreted using a forensic work strategy which concerns the detailed analysis of anomalies found in the soil texture and chemical composition. Further, a significant number of tests that could prove the presence of human body in the grave and the eventual reasons of the bad preservation and lack of archaeological (most in the eg Sykehus case) information detected in the context (disturb actions represented by looting and burning). Finally, a series of maps have been created to show with clearness the results of the study.

This paper deals with rights of women and their social role during the Viking Age. The method is to compare things and written material. In the written material, three cases of rape have been identified. How each of these cases where looked upon differs; legally the punishment for rape was exile. Violence against wives implied their right to divorce, whereby they were entitled to take with them a great part of the family´s capital, namely their dowry and morning gift. A husband and wife did not inherit each other but a widow could inherit from her children if they died without offspring. Women buried in boat graves indicate that they had a function or were closely involved in the cult. From two graves, the Aska Grave and the Oseberg Grave, the findings can be interpreted as indicating a change in the social behaviour. I propose this was a way of breaking with the past and sabotaging the right to remember earlier cultural habits.

Στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας ήταν ο σχεδιασμός και η κατασκευή του ηλεκτροκινητηρίου συστήματος ενός ηλεκτροκίνητου σκάφους. Πραγματοποιήθηκαν μία σειρά από τεχνικές επεμβάσεις, ώστε να μετατραπεί ένα απλό σκάφος σε ηλεκτροκίνητο. Στην εποχή μας τα ηλεκτροκίνητα σκάφη και η ηλεκτρική πρόωση αποτελούν κομμάτι των ηλεκτροκίνητων μέσων μεταφοράς. Τα ηλεκτροκίνητα μέσα μεταφοράς αποτελούν πιθανή λύση στην συνεχώς αυξανόμενη ζήτηση στον τομέα των μεταφορών καθώς και στα ενεργειακά και περιβαλλοντικά προβλήματα που αυτή προκαλεί. Ο υψηλός βαθμός απόδοσης των ηλεκτρικών κινητήρων και των ηλεκτρονικών μετατροπέων ισχύος, το υψηλό επίπεδο ελέγχου μέσω των ηλεκτρονικών μετατροπέων ισχύος που προσφέρει ευκινησία σε ένα σκάφος, η έλλειψη θορύβου-διαταραχών και η απουσία ρύπανσης μας οδηγούν στη χρήση των ηλεκτροκίνητων σκαφών και της ηλεκτρικής πρόωσης όλο και περισσότερο στις μέρες μας. Στη συγκεκριμένη εφαρμογή για πρακτικούς λόγους αλλά και για λόγους ασφάλειας οδηγηθήκαμε στην επιλογή κινητήρα συνεχούς ρεύματος (Σ.Ρ.) μονίμου μαγνήτη χαμηλής τάσης 24V. Αυτό έχει ως αποτέλεσμα υψηλή τιμή ρεύματος για την επίτευξη της απαιτούμενης ισχύος 1,5 kW . Για αυτό το λόγο επιλέχθηκε ο ηλεκτρονικός μετατροπέας υποβιβασμού συνεχούς τάσης σε συνεχή με διαδοχική αγωγή τεσσάρων κλάδων, ο οποίος έχει τη δυνατότητα διαχείρισης υψηλών τιμών ρεύματος. Ο συγκεκριμένος μετατροπέας αποτελείται από 4 παράλληλους κλάδους, λειτουργεί στην συνεχή αγωγή και υποβιβάζει την τάση των 36V σε 0-24V για τον έλεγχο των στροφών του κινητήρα, ο οποίος έχει ονομαστικό ρεύμα 78A. Ο μετατροπέας εξετάστηκε αρχικά μέσω της εξομοίωσης χρησιμοποιώντας το λογισμικό (PSpice) και στη συνέχεια πειραματικά πραγματοποιώντας μία σειρά από δοκιμές και μετρήσεις. Ο συγκεκριμένος μετατροπέας είναι ιδανικός για φορτία που απαιτούν μεγάλες τιμές ρεύματος. Από τις δοκιμές παρατηρούμε, ότι ο βαθμός απόδοσης του μετατροπέα διαδοχικής αγωγής που κατασκευάστηκε, κυμαίνεται γύρω στο 95%, άρα είναι μια καλή λύση στην οδήγηση κινητήρων συνεχούς ρεύματος (Σ.Ρ.) χαμηλής τάσης (υψηλού ρεύματος). Τέτοιοι κινητήρες χρησιμοποιούνται σε πληθώρα εφαρμογών ηλεκτροκίνητων μέσων μεταφοράς. / -