Summary The language of television represents a burning problem which is somewhat underemphasized, in particular with respect to the language of children programs. Television inevitably influences children and contributes to the formation of their language skills. Therefore, the language of TV programs intended for children must be as clear, accurate and comprehensive as possible and the word carried in the ether shall be vivid, expressive and conform to the rules of standard language. The subject matter of this study is the borrowed vocabulary used in TV programs for children. Based on the material collected from programs „Gustavo enciklopedija“ and „Tele bim bam“ (the study material covers eight shows of „Gustavo enciklopedija“ program and eight shows of „Tele bim bam“ program broadcast over Lithuanian TV channel in the period from September 20, 2003 to February 1, 2004), the study has attempted at defining and describing the specifics of loanwords in oral language of children programs as well as at analyzing and comparing the structure of borrowed vocabulary and its use tendencies observed with respect to TV programs „Gustavo enciklopedija“ and „Tele bim bam“. The above shall be considered as constituting the study objective. It should be noted that the language of children programs is not homogeneous. Apart from the native words, the language of children programs uses quite a number of loanwords, including the international words, new borrowings, barbarisms and... [to full text]

This thesis uses the angle of linguistic to analyze Japanese loanwords in Taiwanese. From the angle of linguistic this thesis further expounds the type of Japanese loanwords in Taiwanese on three points: 1) Japanese loanwords in Taiwanese have two types: first is type of pronunciation, ¡§transliterlated word¡¨; second is type of writing, ¡§borrowed word¡¨. ¡§Transliterlated word¡¨ have two types: first is ¡§pure transliterlated word¡¨; second is ¡§half transliterlated and paraphrased word¡¨. ¡§Borrowed word¡¨ have four types: first is ¡§self-producted word¡¨; second is ¡§turn borrowed word¡¨; third is ¡§return borrowed word¡¨; last is ¡§turn and return borrowed word¡¨; 2) The most type of Japanese loanwords in Taiwanese is ¡§borrowed word¡¨. It is easier to hear ¡§borrowed word¡¨ than ¡§transliterlated word¡¨, so it is easy for ¡§transliterlated word¡¨ to attract attension, it is difficult for ¡§borrowed word¡¨ to attract attension. 3) The change of Japanese loanwords in Taiwanese performs in pronunciation and meaning. The change of pronunciation performs in consonant, vowel and tones. About the change of meaning, when Japanese vocabularies which have many meaning generally come in Taiwanese, only one or some meanings come in Taiwanese, all meanings do not come in Taiwanese, so when Japanese loanwords come in Taiwanese, the necessary meanings come in Taiwanese, or another meanings are added to original meanings, loanwords do not completely borrow original meanings. These phenomenons perform in amplify, diminish, devolution and accelate. From these points, this thesis researches the form of Japanese loanwords in Taiwanese.

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Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has long been associated with the vertebrate gut and is an important neuromodulator of crustacean foregut. This dissertation presents evidence that 5-HT initiated peristalsis in crayfish hindgut and enhanced the power of contractions in caudal regions of the hindgut. 5-HT receptor immunoreactivity studies showed that the two identified crustacean 5-HT receptors, 5-HT1α and 5-HT2β are present on the hindgut in different and distinctive patterns. 5-HT immunoreactivity (5-HT-ir) studies revealed that the fibers from central neurons found on the hindgut showed a broad range of 5-HT-ir intensity, which led to the hypothesis that they borrowed 5-HT. This hypothesis was tested by first determining that the HGNs can take up 5-HT through a serotonin transporter and that uptake can be blocked by a serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Second, synthesis was tested by superfusing tryptophan and using 5-HT-ir to determine the presence of 5-HT. No constitutive 5-HT synthesis occurred under these conditions. Superfusion of the intermediate product of 5-HT synthesis, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), did lead to 5-HT-ir. The HGNs can take up 5-HT but have only one of the synthetic enzymes. The lack of nearby sources for 5-HT led to the hypothesis that hormonally supplied 5-HT may be the source for 5-HT in the HGNs. High performance liquid chromatography measurements of 5-HT and 5-HTP levels in tissue following injection of 5-HT into the hemolymph revealed that levels of 5-HT significantly increased in the terminal ganglion and hindgut, where the HGNs cell bodies and projections are respectively located. All other areas of the central nervous system, with the exception of the brain, also showed a significant increase in 5-HT levels. Injection of tryptophan produced a significant increase in 5-HTP levels in the brain. Quantitative 5-HT-ir indicated that feeding increased the intensity of 5-HT-ir in the HGNs. Feeding was determined to be a relevant stimulus to examine facultative synthesis of 5-HT. The enzyme that converts 5-HT to 5-HTP was blocked and 48 hrs after feeding 5-HTP-ir was used to indicate that facultative synthesis did not occur. At the same time, 5-HT-ir was used to indicate that uptake of 5-HT by the HGNs more likely occurred.

This qualitative study sought to understand the ways classism, as it intersects with racism and sexism, affects how low wage-earning women negotiate their work world in the academy and the way the academy functions to create, maintain, and reproduce the context within which oppression is able to emerge. Field research took place at State University, a pseudonym for a Land Grant, Research Extensive institution located in the Southwest. Through the lenses of critical theory and critical feminist theory the stories of six women employed as custodial workers, nine administrators employed at State University, and two State University employees involved in the community's Living Wage initiative, were analyzed. The lives of women employed as custodial workers are largely unremarked and undocumented, and the ways in which their work serves to make the academy possible have been unacknowledged. This study found that the job of cleaning in the traditional higher education environment is laced with challenges. The nature of the academy, the ethos and operation of State University, and the interlocking systems of classism, racism and sexism fuse together arrangements of power that simultaneously obliterate and render these women agonizingly visible through systems of oppression. In an environment where honor is conferred upon "the educated," the custodial participants, whose opportunities were limited due to their social locations, exist on the border of the academy. Their marginality is reinforced daily, as they are in constant contact with higher-status individuals who perform raced, classed, and gendered behaviors that are woven into the fabric of our society. The study also found that the custodial participants and the university administrators are locked in a relationship of mutual distrust. State University administrators do not trust the custodians and the custodians do not trust State University administrators. Furthermore, existing at both the literal and metaphorical "bottom" of the organization, custodians are among the first to feel the impact of major institutional shifts, such as increases in student and faculty bodies, and large-scale economic recovery initiatives. Additionally, I reconceptualize the notion of "borrowed power" to name the impermanence of the authority which Black custodial supervisors, and people of color in general, hold in our racialized society. Finally, the data decidedly point to White male students as primary actors and architects of the overtly hostile work environment within which the women work. The custodial participants negotiate these challenges with facility. They find creative ways to resist and to negotiate the obstacles they face. Unfortunately, they also occasionally internalize negative messages and are complicit in their marginality. Administrators who participated in the study were aware of these conditions, but remained silent on the issue of resolution. Through various intentional (if unconscious) State University policies, practices, rules, norms, behaviors, and structures that sometimes act in insidious, hidden ways, the dominant groups? interests continue to be pursued while the interests, needs, and even the very presence of marginal members is ignored. Thus, systems of domination and subordination are produced, reproduced, validated, and institutionalized in the academy. This process is presented in a Conceptual Map of How Systems of Oppression Flourish and are Re/produced in the Academy. The findings of this study contribute to existing bodies of knowledge that discuss racial, gender, and economic inequality. Yet it opens new lines of inquiry into the overlapping conditions of gender, racial, and economic marginality as they impact the lives of women custodial workers in the academy. The findings issue a clarion call for institutions of higher education, one of our nation?s longstanding and respected foci of social change, to tap into its available expertise to end oppression, beginning in its own "backyard."

Funding requirements is one of the first criteria to consider when restructuring a business. Companies and taxpayers would choose the best option when acquiring shares to minimise tax liabilities. The purpose of this study is to formulate an interest deductibility test which provides guidance to taxpayers regarding the main criteria to investigate when restructuring a business transaction to ensure that interest will be deductible on the acquisition of shares with borrowed funds. The findings reveal the similarities and differences of the interest deductibility as seen by South Africa, Australia and Canada. This study will present the legislation as well as court cases in South Africa, Australia and Canada to demonstrate the interest deductibility principles when funds are borrowed to acquire shares when restructuring a business. The focus will be on these principles to provide guidelines from which taxpayers can determine the interest deductibility with respect to share purchasing transactions. The study will indicate recommendations to South African legislation based on the findings of alternative treatments applied by Canada and Australia. / Thesis (MCom (South African and International Taxation))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Funding requirements is one of the first criteria to consider when restructuring a business. Companies and taxpayers would choose the best option when acquiring shares to minimise tax liabilities. The purpose of this study is to formulate an interest deductibility test which provides guidance to taxpayers regarding the main criteria to investigate when restructuring a business transaction to ensure that interest will be deductible on the acquisition of shares with borrowed funds. The findings reveal the similarities and differences of the interest deductibility as seen by South Africa, Australia and Canada. This study will present the legislation as well as court cases in South Africa, Australia and Canada to demonstrate the interest deductibility principles when funds are borrowed to acquire shares when restructuring a business. The focus will be on these principles to provide guidelines from which taxpayers can determine the interest deductibility with respect to share purchasing transactions. The study will indicate recommendations to South African legislation based on the findings of alternative treatments applied by Canada and Australia. / Thesis (MCom (South African and International Taxation))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Keyphrases describe a document in a coherent and simple way, giving the prospective reader a way to quickly determine whether the document satisfies their information needs. The pervasion of huge amount of information on Web, with only a small amount of documents have keyphrases extracted, there is a definite need to discover automatic keyphrase extraction systems. Typically, a document written by human develops around one or more general concepts or sub-concepts. These concepts or sub-concepts should be structured and semantically related with each other, so that they can form the meaningful representation of a document. Considering the fact, the phrases or concepts in a document are related to each other, a new approach for keyphrase extraction is introduced that exploits the semantic relations in the document. For measuring the semantic relations between concepts or sub-concepts in the document, I present a comprehensive study aimed at using collaboratively constructed semantic resources like Wikipedia and its link structure. In particular, I introduce a graph-based keyphrase extraction system that exploits the semantic relations in the document and features such as term frequency. I evaluated the proposed system using novel measures and the results obtained compare favorably with previously published results on established benchmarks.

Woven Light Interference looks into the light and colour phenomenon interference in a textile design context. This is done by introducing dichroic filters to design structures and patterns when weaving. The experimental design research methodology was used to explore dichroic filters’ design possibility and potential, using a textile weaving technique for a spatial context. The final result is visually presented in a collection consisting of six woven textiles that have multiple expressions with internal and external effects. Together, they propose new methods of working with light and colour in the textile design, without incorporating electronics or being connected to wires, but rather change depending on the existing ambient light of a space.

Работа посвящена одной из актуальных проблем современной лингвистики – усвоению иноязычных элементов русским языком. В работе осуществлен комплексный анализ слов с иноязычными суффиксами -абельн-, -ибельн- в диахронии и синхронии: рассмотрена история появления слов с данными суффиксами в русском языке, выявлены пути пополнения словарного состава языка лексемами с суффиксами -абельн-, -ибельн-, исследован процесс фонетической, грамматической и семантической адаптации слов с данными формантами в русском языке, охарактеризованы модификации словообразовательного значения, описана продуктивность данных суффиксов. Для того, чтобы определить степень освоенности суффиксов -абельн-, -ибельн- рядовыми носителями языка, были исследованы проявления функционирования метаязыкового сознания носителей языка в отношении слов с этими суффиксами. В приложении представлен словарь с суффиксами -абельн-, -ибельн-. / This master’s degree paper studies the assimilation of borrowed morphemes by the Russian language. The work presents a diachronic and synchronic comprehensive analysis of words with the suffixes -абельн-, -ибельн-. The author considers the history of words with these suffixes in the Russian language, the ways of replenishing the vocabulary with lexemes containing these suffixes, the process of phonetic, grammatical and semantic adaptation of words with these morphemes. The meaning modifications of the formants -абельн-, -ибельн- are characterized in the Russian language, which makes it possible to describe the productivity of these suffixes. In order to determine the degree of native speakers’ being familiar with the suffixes studied, there are investigated the manifestations of the metalanguage consciousness functioning in relation to corresponding lexemes. The appendix contains a dictionary of Russian words with the suffixes -абельн-, -ибельн-.