Thesis (M.A.)--Florida State University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-114). Also available online: http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04102006-155557

O presente trabalho visa a analisar a preparação de alunos chineses para o exame Celpe-Bras, com o intuito de investigar se há efeito retroativo do exame nesse processo. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa da qual participaram três alunas chinesas e dois professores de um curso preparatório para o Celpe-Bras, no qual elas participaram. O estudo focaliza as atividades desenvolvidas no curso e as atividades extraclasse realizadas pelas alunas para preparar-se para o exame. Os dados para a pesquisa foram gerados pela observação de oito aulas do curso preparatório e pelo acompanhamento das alunas em atividades extraclasse. Além disso, foram feitas oito entrevistas com as alunas e duas com os professores, e os textos produzidos nas aulas foram analisados em relação ao feedback dos professores e à compreensão das alunas quanto às orientação recebidas. A análise dos resultados permite afirmar que as orientações do curso preparatório são coerentes com os pressupostos teóricos que subjazem ao exame e que focalizam principalmente o critério de correção adequação contextual, que operacionaliza a noção de proficiência do exame: uso da linguagem para agir no mundo. Essa orientação contribuiu especialmente para aprimorar a compreensão oral e a organização das produções escritas das alunas. A pesquisa também sugere que a percepção das alunas sobre a maneira de aprender uma língua modificou-se durante a preparação para o exame: sua compreensão da perspectiva de proficiência como uso da linguagem e sua busca por lidar com textos autênticos também na vida cotidiana, como preparação para o exame, sugerem um efeito retroativo positivo do Celpe-Bras na trajetória de aprendizagem de língua portuguesa dessas alunas. Os resultados desta pesquisa contribuem para o debate sobre o efeito retroativo de exames de desempenho, para a elaboração de cursos preparatórios para o exame Celpe-Bras e para a organização de currículos de ensino que tenham como objetivo o uso da linguagem. / The aim of this study is to analyze the preparation of Chinese students for the Celpe-Bras proficiency exam and discuss the washback effects of the exam on this process. A qualitative research was carried out with three Chinese students and two teachers of a cram course taken by these students. The study focuses on the activities developed by the prep course and the extra class activities carried out by the students to prepare for the exam. The data include the observation of eight classes of the cram course and of the students’ extra class activities, eight interviews with the students and two with the teachers, and the texts produced by the students, which were analyzed with respect to the teachers’ feedback and to the students’ understanding of the guidance they received during the prep course. The results suggest that the guidelines of the prep course are consistent with the construct of the exam and focus mainly on the correction criterion ‘adequacy to context’, which operationalizes the underlying concept of language proficiency of the exam: the adequate use of the language to perform actions in the world. The course guidelines contributed especially to improve the students’ listening and writing skills. In addition, the students’ perceptions of their language learning process changed during the preparation for the exam: their understanding of the language proficiency concept ‘use of language’ and their search for reading and listening to authentic texts, also in their daily lives, to prepare for the exam suggest a positive washback effect of the Celpe-Bras on these students’ Portuguese learning process. The results of this research contribute to the debate on the washback effects of performance tests, to the elaboration of cram courses for the Celpe-Bras exam, and to the organization of educational curricula that aim at developing the use of language.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:15:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BCIELO.pdf: 577481 bytes, checksum: c5ec5f020646586cc72320de556f2230 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-19 / The main objective of this study was to analyze the social representations of the Portuguese language circulating among foreigners who were taking the CELPE-Bras test, an exam introduced by the Brazilian government to evaluate proficiency in Portuguese. Based on Serge Moscovicis psychosocial construct of social representations and complemented by Ivana Markovás dialogic perspective of this theory, we sought to analyze foreigners representations of the Portuguese language utilizing a questionnaire containing open, closed, and free association questions. The questionnaire was distributed to 95 candidates during the second edition of the 2012 CELPE-Bras exam and sought to answer the following guiding questions: 1) What are the social representations that foreigners taking the CELPE-Bras exam have of the Portuguese language? 2) Do their motivations for coming to Brazil and taking the CELPE-Bras have any impact on the social representations of the language? 3) Are the social representations influenced by the cultural matrix of the examinee? The findings indicate that the Portuguese language is seen as being beautiful, musical and difficult, and that there is a tendency to repeat the stereotyped contents held for culture to language, both among foreigners from Latin American and among those belonging to other cultural sources, regardless of their motivations.   / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as representações sociais da língua portuguesa que circulam entre os estrangeiros que prestam a prova de proficiência CELPE-Bras, exame instituído pelo governo brasileiro para avaliar a proficiência nessa língua. Apoiado na perspectiva psicossocial das representações sociais, conforme entendida por Serge Moscovici e colaboradores e complementada pela visão dialógica de Ivana Marková, buscou-se analisar as representações de estrangeiros relativas à língua portuguesa por meio de questionário, contendo questões abertas, fechadas e de associação livre, aplicados a 95 candidatos ao exame CELPE-Bras na sua edição de 2012, de modo a responder às seguintes questões orientadoras: 1) Quais as representações sociais que o estrangeiro candidato ao exame CELPE-Bras tem da língua portuguesa? 2) As motivações para a vinda ao Brasil e para realizar o exame CELPE-Bras impactam as representações sociais da língua? 3) Essas representações sociais são influenciadas de acordo com a matriz cultural de origem do examinando? As análises indicam que a língua portuguesa é vista como bonita, musical e difícil, e que há uma tendência a repetirem-se, para a língua, os conteúdos estereotipados da cultura brasileira, tanto entre estrangeiros latino-americanos como entre os pertencentes a outras matrizes culturais, independentemente de suas motivações de aprendizado.

O presente trabalho visa a analisar a preparação de alunos chineses para o exame Celpe-Bras, com o intuito de investigar se há efeito retroativo do exame nesse processo. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa da qual participaram três alunas chinesas e dois professores de um curso preparatório para o Celpe-Bras, no qual elas participaram. O estudo focaliza as atividades desenvolvidas no curso e as atividades extraclasse realizadas pelas alunas para preparar-se para o exame. Os dados para a pesquisa foram gerados pela observação de oito aulas do curso preparatório e pelo acompanhamento das alunas em atividades extraclasse. Além disso, foram feitas oito entrevistas com as alunas e duas com os professores, e os textos produzidos nas aulas foram analisados em relação ao feedback dos professores e à compreensão das alunas quanto às orientação recebidas. A análise dos resultados permite afirmar que as orientações do curso preparatório são coerentes com os pressupostos teóricos que subjazem ao exame e que focalizam principalmente o critério de correção adequação contextual, que operacionaliza a noção de proficiência do exame: uso da linguagem para agir no mundo. Essa orientação contribuiu especialmente para aprimorar a compreensão oral e a organização das produções escritas das alunas. A pesquisa também sugere que a percepção das alunas sobre a maneira de aprender uma língua modificou-se durante a preparação para o exame: sua compreensão da perspectiva de proficiência como uso da linguagem e sua busca por lidar com textos autênticos também na vida cotidiana, como preparação para o exame, sugerem um efeito retroativo positivo do Celpe-Bras na trajetória de aprendizagem de língua portuguesa dessas alunas. Os resultados desta pesquisa contribuem para o debate sobre o efeito retroativo de exames de desempenho, para a elaboração de cursos preparatórios para o exame Celpe-Bras e para a organização de currículos de ensino que tenham como objetivo o uso da linguagem. / The aim of this study is to analyze the preparation of Chinese students for the Celpe-Bras proficiency exam and discuss the washback effects of the exam on this process. A qualitative research was carried out with three Chinese students and two teachers of a cram course taken by these students. The study focuses on the activities developed by the prep course and the extra class activities carried out by the students to prepare for the exam. The data include the observation of eight classes of the cram course and of the students’ extra class activities, eight interviews with the students and two with the teachers, and the texts produced by the students, which were analyzed with respect to the teachers’ feedback and to the students’ understanding of the guidance they received during the prep course. The results suggest that the guidelines of the prep course are consistent with the construct of the exam and focus mainly on the correction criterion ‘adequacy to context’, which operationalizes the underlying concept of language proficiency of the exam: the adequate use of the language to perform actions in the world. The course guidelines contributed especially to improve the students’ listening and writing skills. In addition, the students’ perceptions of their language learning process changed during the preparation for the exam: their understanding of the language proficiency concept ‘use of language’ and their search for reading and listening to authentic texts, also in their daily lives, to prepare for the exam suggest a positive washback effect of the Celpe-Bras on these students’ Portuguese learning process. The results of this research contribute to the debate on the washback effects of performance tests, to the elaboration of cram courses for the Celpe-Bras exam, and to the organization of educational curricula that aim at developing the use of language.

Ce travail explore des solutions afin d'améliorer la reconnaissance des gestes de la main à l'aide de signaux électromyographiques. Grâce aux prothèses myoélectriques, cette technologie a le potentiel de transformer la vie des amputés des membres supérieurs. Malheureusement, les prothèses myoélectriques disponibles sur le marché peinent à reproduire fidèlement les gestes de la main, car il est complexe de déduire l'intention de l'utilisateur à partir de l'activité musculaire mesurée, particulièrement entre différentes utilisations de la prothèse. Pour adresser ce problème, ce travail présente une solution logicielle permettant, à l'aide d'un nouveau capteur flexible d'électromyographie haute densité (HD-EMG) à 64 électrodes, de renforcer la robustesse de la détection contre différentes sources de variations. Cette innovation repose sur l'introduction d'une approche d'augmentation des données par décalage circulaire (ABSDA) couplée à un réseau de neurones à convolution (CNN) et une version anticrénelée (AA-CNN) permettant d'améliorer la robustesse de la classification au mouvement des électrodes et à la variabilité entre les séances. La méthode ABSDA-CNN proposée améliore significativement la précision de la reconnaissance des gestes. Ce travail examine également le potentiel de l'apprentissage machine sur graphes, un domaine émergent qui applique la théorie des graphes à l'intelligence artificielle. En utilisant cette approche pour représenter les capteurs HD-EMG sous forme de graphes, il est possible de capitaliser sur leur structure géométrique naturelle afin de construire des réseaux de neurones sur graphes (GNN) novateurs qui surpassent les réseaux à convolution traditionnels. L'introduction de ces nouvelles architectures permet d'explorer la notion d'invariance en translation des réseaux de neurones en démontrant l'importance d'apprendre la position des électrodes pour améliorer la précision de la reconnaissance des gestes Finalement, une plateforme embarquée sans fil est introduite pour réaliser de la reconnaissance de gestes en temps réel, grâce à un accélérateur Coral Tensor Processing Unit (TPU). Cette solution permet d'intégrer l'intelligence artificielle directement dans les prothèses, supprimant la dépendance à des équipements externes coûteux. Pour une meilleure flexibilité, le système propose la calibration des modèles d'inférence localement ou à distance par le biais d'un serveur. L'exploration des techniques de quantification des données à 8 bits démontre que la compatibilité matérielle peut être obtenue sans sacrifier les performances. / This work explores solutions to improve hand gesture recognition using electromyographic signals. Thanks to myoelectric prostheses, this technology has the potential to radically transformthe lives of upper limb amputees. Unfortunately, the myoelectric prostheses currently availableon the market struggle to faithfully reproduce hand gestures because it is complex to correctlyinfer the user's intention from the measured muscle activity, especially between different usesof the prosthesis. To address this problem, this work presents a software solution that, with the help of anew flexible high-density electromyography (HD-EMG) sensor with 64 electrodes, enhancesthe robustness of detection against various sources of variations. This innovation is basedon the introduction of an array barrel-shifting data augmentation (ABSDA) coupled witha convolutional neural network (CNN) and an anti-aliased version (AA-CNN) to improverobustness to electrode movement, forearm orientation, and inter-session variability. Theproposed ABSDA-CNN method significantly improves the accuracy of gesture recognition. This work also examines the potential of graph machine learning, an emerging field that applies graph theory to artificial intelligence. By using this approach to represent HD-EMGsensors as graphs, it is possible to capitalize on their natural geometric structure to constructinnovative graph neural networks (GNNs) that surpass traditional convolutional networks. The introduction of these new architectures allows for the exploration of the notion of invariance to translation of neural networks by demonstrating the importance of learning electrodepositions to improve gesture recognition accuracy. Finally, a wireless embedded platform is introduced for real-time gesture recognition, thanksto a Coral Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) accelerator. This solution enables the integration ofartificial intelligence directly into prostheses, eliminating the dependency on expensive externalhardware. For enhanced flexibility, the system offers model calibration locally or remotely viaa server. Exploring 8-bit data quantization techniques shows that hardware compatibility canbe achieved without sacrificing performance.

Depuis quelques années dans le domaine du cyclisme de route, le confort des vélos est devenu un élément au moins aussi recherché que la performance. Le confort est une préoccupation majeure pour 90 % des cyclistes. Les cyclistes sur route passionnés enfourchent leurs vélos pendant plusieurs centaines d’heures chaque année. Ils souhaitent donc utiliser un vélo qui aura la capacité de réduire les vibrations générées par la route. Un sondage réalisé auprès de 320 cyclistes a montré que les vibrations transmises au niveau de la main sont considérées comme la plus grande source d’inconfort. Ce travail a permis de développer une approche permettant d’estimer le niveau de vibrations transmis au niveau de la main du cycliste par sous-structuration. Les méthodes de sous-structuration permettent de prédire le comportement dynamique d’un assemblage de structures par caractérisation de chacune des structures prise séparément. Bien que ces méthodes existent depuis des dizaines d’années, aucune étude n’avait investigué l’assemblage de deux structures par sous-structuration lorsqu’une d’entre elles est l’Humain. L’approche proposée consiste à mesurer la réponse biodynamique du système main-bras en posture cycliste et à prédire la puissance vibratoire au niveau de la main du cycliste à l’aide d’une méthode de sous-structuration. Cette thèse présente les éléments importants issus de ces travaux. Deux méthodes de couplage ont été identifiées et testées pour prédire l’influence du système main-bras sur le comportement dynamique de structures mécaniques simples. La variabilité de réponse du système main-bras de plusieurs sujets a été analysée. Des caractéristiques communes à plusieurs sujets ont été identifiées dans la réponse biodynamique de leurs systèmes main-bras. Finalement, l’importance relative du cycliste par rapport au vélo sur le comportement dynamique de l’assemblage vélo – cycliste au niveau de la main a conduit au développement d’une méthode de caractérisation de la réponse vibratoire des vélos seuls.

L’apparition de robots de service de plus en plus complexes ouvre de nouvelles perspectives quant aux tâches de manipulation d’objets. Malgré les progrès récents des techniques de planification de mouvement, peu d'entre elles s'intéressent directement à des systèmes multi-bras comme les torses humanoïdes. Notre contribution à travers cette thèse porte sur trois aspects. Nous proposons une technique de planification de mouvement performante basée sur la coordination des mouvements du système multi-bras. Elle exploite au mieux la structure du système en la divisant en parties élémentaires dont les mouvements sont planifiés indépendamment du reste du système. La fusion des différents réseaux élémentaires générés est ensuite réalisée dans le but d’obtenir un graphe prenant en compte le robot tout entier. Une seconde contribution porte sur l'extension des méthodes de planification pour des robots présentant des chaînes cinématiques fermées. Ces boucles cinématiques apparaissent dans le système lorsque, par exemple, le torse humanoïde saisit un objet avec plusieurs bras. Cette méthode traite explicitement les configurations singulières des manipulateurs, offrant ainsi une meilleure maniabilité de l’objet. Finalement, nous proposons deux approches pour la planification de tâches de manipulation d'objets par un torse humanoïde. La première concerne la résolution d’une tâche de prise et pose d'objets par un torse humanoïde à deux bras dans le cas où les contraintes imposées par la tâche nécessitent le passage par une double prise afin de transférer l'objet d'une main à l'autre. La seconde porte sur la résolution du même type de tâche par un manipulateur mobile. La thèse, effectuée dans le cadre du projet européen Phriends, présente les résultats d'expérimentations réalisées sur le robot Justin, démonstrateur du projet. / The emergence of new more and more complex service robots opens new research fields on objet manipulation. Despite the recent progresses in motion planning techniques, few of them deal directly with multi-arm systems like humanoid torsos. Our contribution through this thesis focuses on three aspects. We present an efficient motion planning technique based on the multi-arm system motion coordination. It takes advantage of the system's structure by dividing it into elementary parts of which movements are planned independently of the rest of the system. Generated elementary networks are then fused to obtain a roadmap that takes into account the whole robot. The second contribution consists of the extension of motion planning methods for a robot under loop closure constraints. These kinematic loops appear in the system when, for example, the humanoid torso grasps an objet with two arms. This method treats explicitly the singular configurations of the manipulators, providing better handling of the object. Finally, we present two approaches for planning object manipulation tasks by humanoid torsos. The first concerns solving pick and place task by humanoid torso where the imposed task constraints require a passage through a double grasp to transfer the object from one hand to the other. The second approach concerns the resolution of the same type of task by a mobile manipulator. The presented methods have been integrated on a real platform, Justin, and validated with experiments in the frame of E.U. FP-6 PHRIENDS project.

La théorie standard de la consolidation mnésique postule que le stockage à long terme des souvenirs, initialement dépendant de la formation hippocampique, s’effectuerait par l’intermédiaire d’un dialogue hippocampo-cortical au cours duquel l’hippocampe (HPC) se désengagerait progressivement jusqu’à ce que le néocortex devienne à lui seul capable de sous-tendre le rappel des souvenirs. Plusieurs études réalisées chez l’animal, notamment dans le paradigme du labyrinthe à 5 bras validé par l’équipe, confortent cette théorie. Cependant, une exception à ce mode de consolidation est observée dans la tâche de navigation spatiale du labyrinthe aquatique de Morris pour laquelle l’HPC est impliqué de façon permanente dans le rappel quel que soit l’âge des souvenirs. Cette observation a conduit à relancer le débat sur la validité du modèle standard de la consolidation au profit de la théorie des traces multiples (TTM) qui plaide en faveur d’une implication permanente de l’hippocampe lors du rappel d’informations complexes, de nature spatiale ou épisodique. La résolution de la tâche de navigation pourrait en effet nécessiter une intégration spatiale plus complexe que dans le labyrinthe à 5 bras susceptible d’expliquer l’implication durable de la région hippocampique. Ces observations nous ont amenés à réévaluer la composante spatiale du labyrinthe à 5 bras et à développer un nouvel appareil, le labyrinthe à 7 bras, présentant un certain nombre d’innovations. Dans cet appareil, les animaux doivent apprendre à localiser l’unique bras appâté (mémoire de référence) grâce à l’utilisation d’indices spatiaux. Deux versions du protocole ont été mises au point afin de moduler la demande spatiale de la tâche : une version à point de départ fixe (VPF) et une version à points de départ multiples (VPM) (...) Ces travaux nous conduisent à proposer un modèle de fonctionnement de l’interface hippocampocorticale qui intègre la nature et la complexité des représentations mnésiques comme des éléments modulateurs déterminants de la dynamique du dialogue hippocampo-cortical au cours du processus de consolidation mnésique. / Abstract

La thématique de la thèse est très vaste. Sont présentées les grandeurs cinématiques locales ou régionales qui agissent sur le corps humain. La deuxième partie de la thèse décrit les méthodes optiques, par lesquelles on peut mesurer les vibrations produites par les machines-outils sur le système humain main-bras au cours de l'activité au travail. Dans la troisième partie sont donnés les effets négatifs des vibrations qui se produisent sur le système humain main-bras pendant l'exposition aux vibrations. La quatrième partie de cette thèse contient la base théorique des techniques optiques utilisées pour mesurer les vibrations. Le chapitre cinq présente la méthodologie d'expérimentation pour mesurer les vibrations. Les résultats des mesures sont indiqués dans le sixième chapitre de la thèse. Dans le chapitre sept on présente la modélisation mécanique et mathématique du système humain main-bras avec trois degrés de liberté et le dernier chapitre contient les conclusions finales. / In the first part of the doctoral thesis are presented the local and global kinematics sizes which are acting on the human body. This is followsed with the optical methods by which we can measure the vibrations produced by the machine-tools and them action on the human hand-arm system during the work activity. In the third part are given the effects of vibrations that occur on the hand-arm system during the exposure of vibrations. The fourth part of this thesis contains the theorical basis of optical techniques used for vibrations measurement. Chapter five presents the experimental methodology of vibrations measurement in comparition betsween the two methods: classical and optical. The results of measurement are given in chapter six of the thesis. In chapter seven is given the mechanical and mathematical modeling of human hand-arm system with three degrees of freedom and the eighth chapter contains the final conclusions, the personal contributions and the future research directions.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-01-19T15:31:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielaMenezesdeSouzaTese2017.pdf: 1470084 bytes, checksum: 4eb1b2a5304d3f3ae89a8ee7cf9dfc29 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-01-19T15:31:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielaMenezesdeSouzaTese2017.pdf: 1470084 bytes, checksum: 4eb1b2a5304d3f3ae89a8ee7cf9dfc29 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-19T15:31:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielaMenezesdeSouzaTese2017.pdf: 1470084 bytes, checksum: 4eb1b2a5304d3f3ae89a8ee7cf9dfc29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-16 / This research has as general objective to identify the model of educational management employed in the CMB from the official documents that govern the teaching in the institution and from the perception of the participants of the research. This is a case study about the Military College of Bras??lia (CMB), a public institution of the federal sphere, whose main sponsor is the Brazilian Army. Participating in the research were a manager of the Directorate of Preparatory Education and Assistance (DEPA), the Teaching Director, the pedagogical advisor to the Head of the Teaching Division (DE), the Head of School Supervision and six former CMB students, as well as teachers and educational supervisors. Also analyzed were documents that deal with all activities related to the development and operation of military colleges belonging to the Military College System of Brazil (SCMB). In these normative documents, it was noticed the concern with the diverse dimensions of the school. They are texts that act as support for the activities of the manager, since they guide all the work to be developed in the college. As theoretical reference, theoretical ideas were used that deal with concepts of management of educational institutions, educational management models, educational planning concepts and models of such planning as Ribeiro (1978), L??ck (2000), Zainko (2000) ), Sander (2007), Kuenzer et all (2015), among others. After analyzing the data, it is considered that the management model adopted by the CMB follows a hierarchical structure that can be noticed in the way the analyzed documents are organized. The results show that the management model assumed by the CMB contemplates traces of a strategic planning and allows, in a limited way, the participation of the school community. We therefore consider that the management model applied by CMB is close to the multidimensional paradigm of Sander (2007), since it contemplates the different dimensions in which a school should be managed, except for the dimension of the participation of the school community. / Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo geral identificar o modelo de gest??o educacional empregado no CMB a partir dos documentos oficiais que regem o ensino na institui????o e a partir da percep????o dos participantes da pesquisa. Trata-se de um estudo de caso sobre o Col??gio Militar de Bras??lia (CMB), uma institui????o de ensino p??blico da esfera federal, cuja mantenedora ?? o Ex??rcito brasileiro. Participaram da pesquisa uma gestora da Diretoria de Educa????o Preparat??ria e Assistencial (DEPA), o Diretor de Ensino, o assessor pedag??gico do Chefe da Divis??o de Ensino (DE), o Chefe da Supervis??o Escolar e seis ex-alunos do CMB, al??m de professores e supervisoras educacionais. Tamb??m foram analisados os documentos que tratam de todas as atividades relacionadas ao desenvolvimento e funcionamento dos col??gios militares pertencentes ao Sistema Col??gio Militar do Brasil (SCMB). Nesses documentos normativos, percebeu-se a preocupa????o com as diversas dimens??es da escola. S??o textos que atuam como suporte para as atividades do gestor, visto que orientam todo o trabalho a ser desenvolvido no col??gio. Como referencial te??rico, utilizou-se as ideias de te??ricos que versam sobre conceitos de gest??o de institui????es de ensino, modelos de gest??o educacional, conceitos de planejamento educacional e modelos desses planejamentos tais como Ribeiro (1978), L??ck (2000), Zainko (2000), Sander (2007), Kuenzer et all (2015), dentre outros. Ap??s a an??lise dos dados, considera-se que o modelo de gest??o adotado pelo CMB obedece a uma estrutura hierarquizada que pode ser notada na maneira como s??o organizados os documentos analisados. Os resultados obtidos revelam que o modelo de gest??o assumido pelo CMB contempla tra??os de um planejamento estrat??gico e permite, de forma limitada, a participa????o da comunidade escolar. Consideramos, portanto, que o modelo de gest??o aplicado pelo CMB aproxima-se do paradigma multidimensional de Sander (2007), pois contempla as diversas dimens??es em que uma escola deve ser gerida exceto no que tange ?? dimens??o da participa????o da comunidade escolar.