Orientadores: Rubens Augusto Camargo Lamparelli, Jansle Vieira Rocha / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T16:59:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bispo_RafaelCarlos_M.pdf: 6682271 bytes, checksum: 3672bc3cd1d328c4edf329eabbd31ffe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A produção de café esteve intimamente ligada ao desenvolvimento econômico do Brasil e ainda hoje o café é um importante produto da agricultura nacional. O Estado de Minas Gerais responde atualmente por 52% de toda a área de café do Brasil. Dessa forma, dada a importância da cafeicultura para a economia brasileira, é necessário desenvolver e melhorar as metodologias para seu monitoramento. Dados de sensoriamento remoto podem fornecer informações para o monitoramento e o mapeamento de café de maneira mais rápida e menos onerosa do que os métodos convencionais. Nesse contexto, os objetivos desta pesquisa foram identificar a bienalidade da cultura de café por meio de dados do sensor MODIS, juntamente com dados de estações meteorológicas, entre os anos de 2004 a 2012, e avaliar a eficácia das imagens-fração derivadas do sensor MODIS no mapeamento automático das áreas de café do município de Monte Santo de Minas/MG. Foi utilizada uma série temporal com 163 imagens da banda NIR do MODIS, produto MOD13Q1, para se extrair os valores de refletância dos pixels com pelo menos 80% de café. Dados diários de temperatura e precipitação foram agrupados de acordo com a resolução temporal das imagens (16 dias) para o cálculo do balanço hídrico. Para o mapeamento das áreas de café, foram utilizadas imagens do MODIS, bandas MIR, NIR e RED, dos períodos seco e chuvoso. Através do Modelo Linear de Mistura Espectral foram derivadas imagens-fração de solo, café e água/sombra. Estas imagens-fração serviram como dados de entrada para a classificação automática supervisionada com o método SVM - Support Vector Machine. Os resultados mostraram que para o monitoramento do café os dados de refletância dos períodos de colheita apresentaram maior correlação com a alternância da quantidade da produção. A partir da matriz de erro montada entre as classificações e as máscaras de referência, observou-se que os melhores resultados de Exatidão Global e Índice Kappa foram obtidos na classificação do período seco, sendo 67% e 0,41, respectivamente. Análises estatísticas de correlação e coeficiente de variação aplicadas sobre as imagens-fração de café permitiram melhor compreensão da complexidade do mapeamento do café / Abstract: Coffee production was closely linked to the economic development of Brazil and even today coffee is an important product of national agriculture. The State of Minas Gerais currently accounts for 52% of the whole area of coffee in Brazil. Thus, given the importance of the coffee crops to Brazilian economy, it is necessary to develop and improve methodologies for its monitoring. Then, remote sensing data can provide information for monitoring and mapping of coffee crops faster and cheaper than conventional methods. In this context, the objectives of this study were to identify the biennial yield of the coffee crop using data from MODIS and meteorological stations, over the period between 2004 and 2012, and assess the effectiveness of the fraction-images derived from MODIS in the automatic mapping of the areas of coffee in Monte Santo de Minas/MG. Were used a time series of 163 images of NIR band from MODIS, MOD13Q1 product, to extract the values of reflectance of pixels with at least 80% of coffee. Daily data of air temperature and precipitation were compiled to 16-day intervals to match the temporal resolution of MODIS imagery and to calculate the water balance. For coffee mapping, we used MODIS imagery, MIR, NIR and RED bands, of dry and rainy seasons. Through the Spectral Linear Mixing Model were derived fraction images of soil, coffee and water/shadow. These fraction images served as input data for supervised classification with SVM - Support Vector Machine approach. The results showed that for coffee monitoring the reflectance data of harvest period presented higher correlation with the alternation of coffee production. From the error matrix between the classifications and reference masks, it was observed that the best results of Overall Accuracy and Kappa Index were obtained in the classification of the dry season, with 67% and 0.41, respectively. Statistical analyses of correlation and coefficient of variation applied over images fraction of coffee allowed a better understanding about the complexity of mapping coffee / Mestrado / Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola

Orientadores: Luiz Henrique Antunes Rodrigues, Carlos Alberto Alves Meira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T06:51:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DiGirolamoNeto_Cesare_M.pdf: 2582592 bytes, checksum: a61acb99a6b78882f0aef0e7408b48b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A ferrugem (causada pelo fungo Hemileia vastatrix Berk. e Br.) é a principal doença do cafeeiro. As perdas da produção causadas por esta doença podem chegar a 50%, caso nenhuma medida de controle seja adotada. O controle da ferrugem pode ser feito com fungicidas, entretanto métodos tradicionais de controle podem levar a aplicações desnecessárias, as quais são responsáveis por gerar gastos excessivos por parte do produtor, na compra e mão de obra para sua aplicação, além de causar impactos ambientais. Ferramentas como modelos de predição, ou alerta, podem ser utilizadas para antecipar quando uma doença de planta pode ocorrer, sendo que uma predição correta evita aplicações desnecessárias de fungicidas. Neste sentido, modelos de alerta para a ferrugem do cafeeiro foram construídos por outros autores, entretanto, após o seu desenvolvimento, estes modelos não foram avaliados com dados externos ao conjunto de treinamento. Estes modelos passaram por um processo de validação neste trabalho e o resultado mostrou um desempenho abaixo do esperado, evidenciando a necessidade de se criarem novos modelos de alerta, com poder de predição maior do que os existentes. O processo de descoberta de conhecimento em bases de dados foi realizado com o objetivo de gerar estes novos modelos de alerta, utilizando técnicas de mineração de dados como: redes neurais artificiais, máquinas de vetores suporte, florestas aleatórias e árvores de decisão. Dados meteorológicos e de espaçamento da lavoura foram às variáveis independentes do conjunto de dados. Os modelos de alerta foram desenvolvidos considerando taxa de progresso da ferrugem como atributo dependente, ou atributo meta, a qual consiste no aumento da incidência entre dois meses subsequentes. Este atributo foi de origem binária, seguindo os limites de 5 e 10 pontos percentuais - p.p. (classe '1' para taxas maiores ou iguais ao limite; classe '0', caso contrário). Foram desenvolvidos modelos de alerta para a cidade de Varginha e para a região Sul de Minas (com adição das cidades de Boa Esperança e Carmo de Minas), para dados entre 1998 e 2011. Os modelos são específicos para lavouras com alta carga pendente ou para lavouras com baixa carga, dado ao café ser uma cultura bianual. Os modelos para a cidade de Varginha obtiveram, no geral, melhor desempenho do que aqueles contendo dados das 3 cidades juntas. Para alta carga pendente de frutos, a taxa de acerto por validação cruzada, foi superior a 85%, considerando o alerta a partir de 5 p.p. Considerando o alerta a partir de 10 p.p., a taxa de acerto se aproximou dos 90%. Já para lavouras com baixa carga pendente, os modelos considerando o alerta a partir de 5 p.p. também chegaram a taxas de acerto próximas a 90%. Houve ainda equilíbrio entre outras medidas de desempenho importantes, como sensitividade, especificidade e confiabilidade positiva ou negativa em todos os modelos. Os modelos mais bem avaliados mostraram ter desempenho superior aos modelos desenvolvidos por outros autores e têm potencial para servir como apoio na tomada de decisão referente à adoção de medidas de controle da ferrugem do cafeeiro / Abstract: Coffee rust (infection by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix Berk. e Br.) can cause up to 50% of yield losses, in the case no protective measures are taken. This disease can be controlled through fungicide applications, however, traditional control methods can lead to unnecessary use of these products, which cause, not only economic losses for the producer, on buying and applying the fungicides, but also major environmental impacts. Tools like warning models can be used to predict when a plant disease may occur and a correct prediction might avoid unnecessary fungicide applications. According to this, some authors developed warning models for coffee rust, nevertheless, after their development, these models were not evaluated by a test set, besides the one used to create it. A Validation procedure was performed over these models, showing that their performance was way low than expected, highlighting the need for new warning models, with better performance than those previously developed. The Knowledge Discovery in Database process was performed intending to develop new warning models by using four data mining techniques: Neural Networks, Support Vector Machines, Random Forests and Decision Trees. Meteorological and crop spacing data were designed as the independent variables. The dependent variable was labeled as the monthly progress rate of coffee rust, which consists on the increase of the incidence levels between two months in a row. It was mapped as a binary attribute, following the limits of five and ten percentage points (p.p.), considering the increase of the infection rate (class '1' for progress rate over or equal the limit, or class '0' otherwise). Models were developed considering 13 years (1998 - 2011) of incoming data for the city of Varginha - Minas Gerais - Brazil and for the South Minas Gerais region (by adding data from two more cities, Boa Esperança and Carmo de Minas). The models developed are specific for high or low fruit loads. Warning models for Varginha obtained, usually, better performance than those developed with data from the three cities. For high fruit load, the accuracy by cross validation was higher than 85%, considering the warning over 5 p.p. Considering the warning over 10 p.p., the accuracy was close to 90%. For low fruit load, the models considering warning over 5 p.p. also obtained accuracy close to 90%. Other important performance measures, such as sensitivity (recall) and specificity, also obtained good values for all of these models. The warning models developed on this study obtained better performance than others previously developed, and have a great potential to be used in decision-making systems, providing further information regarding the correct use of fungicides on controlling the coffee rust / Mestrado / Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola

Orientador: Tamas Szmrecsanyi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T17:17:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camillo_EmaElisabeteRodrigues_M.pdf: 2945275 bytes, checksum: b63d5d8208cc73d0de65f7b0a012914a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Mestrado

[pt] As firmas enfrentam hoje um cenário altamente volátil e competitivo e muito mais complexo que 10 ou 20 anos atrás. Para enfrentar este cenário, as firmas têm usado a terceirização de atividades da sua cadeia de valores para reduzir custos, melhorar o desempenho e manter o foco nas atividades que propiciam vantagens competitivas. As teorias da Economia dos Custos de Transação (TCE) e Visão Baseada em Recursos (RBV) têm sido usadas nos estudos sobre fazer ou comprar (terceirização). Na TCE, o foco da questão são as transações internas da firma e desta com o mercado, analisando as dimensões de risco, ativos idiossincráticos e freqüência de trocas. Na RBV, o centro da questão está associado aos recursos que compõem a firma, analisando os atributos desses em relação à vantagem competitiva e desempenho comparado com o mercado. O objetivo central desta tese é compreender o porquê das firmas terceirizarem atividades da sua cadeia de valores. Para este fim, uma extensa revisão das teorias TCE e RBV foi feita, com o foco de aprofundar a compreensão das questões relacionadas com a terceirização. A pesquisa examina o entendimento de seis firmas da indústria de café solúvel em relação aos fundamentos dos processos de terceirização. A pesquisa foi qualitativa, através de múltiplos estudos de casos, onde entrevistas com altos executivos das firmas foram realizadas para elucidar e avaliar os casos. A indústria de café solúvel foi escolhida pela disponibilidade de acesso aos seus dados e integrantes, bem como pelo uso da terceirização em todas as firmas. Nos casos, buscou-se observar as vantagens competitivas particulares, os motivadores e variáveis das terceirizações e quais atividades foram terceirizadas. Na análise dos casos foi encontrado que quanto maior o risco que envolve a transação, maior a tendência das firmas internalizarem atividades. Competências internas fracas aumentam a probabilidade de terceirização, enquanto que quanto maior a possibilidade de vazamento de conhecimento estratégico proprietário, menor a probabilidade de terceirização. Esta tese afirma que as teorias TCE e RBV devem ser usadas de forma conjunta para determinar as fronteiras de uma firma, fundamentando a análise se uma atividade deve ser terceirizada ou mantida internamente. Adicionalmente, este trabalho sustenta que os custos de oportunidade são relevantes para a definição da terceirização de atividades e devem ser comparados aos custos de transação. / [en] Today, firms are submitted to a highly volatile and competitive scenario, far more complex than that of ten or twenty years ago. In order to face this, firms have outsourced some of their value chain activities, in an attempt to reduce costs, enhance performance and focus on activities that result in competitive advantages. Both the Transaction Costs Economics (TCE) and Resource-Based View (RBV) theories have been applied in outsourcing studies. TCE focuses on the firm’s internal transactions and transactions with the market, by evaluating risk dimensions, idiosyncratic assets and frequency of exchanges. The core issue for RBV is related to the firm’s resources; the theory evaluates their attributes in terms of competitive advantage and performance as compared with the market. The fundamental objective here is to understand why firms outsource their value chain activities. A thorough review of the TCE and RBV theories has been performed, aimed at deepening the understanding of outsourcing related issues. The present research assesses how six instant coffee firms perceive the outsourcing process rationale. The survey was qualitative and based on multiple case studies, and high executives of these firms were interviewed for clarification and evaluation of each case. Instant coffee industry was selected due to the availability of information and access to their members, and because all firms are engaged in outsourcing. In these cases, we have attempted to observe the particular competitive advantages, motivating factors and variables of outsourcing, and which activities had been outsourced. Case study analysis has shown that the higher the risk involved in a transaction, the more firms will tend to internalize activities. Weak competences increase the probability of outsourcing, while high risk of leak of strategic proprietary knowledge reduces the probability of outsourcing. This thesis asserts that both TCE and RBV theories shall be used in conjunction in order to determine the frontiers of a firm, and underlie the evaluation of whether an activity should be outsourced or performed internally. Additionally, this paper affirms that opportunity costs are relevant in defining the outsourcing of activities, and ought to be considered and compared with transaction costs.

The thesis examines representations of the matriarch in three Chinese Canadian texts: SKY Lee's Disappearing Moon Cafe, Wayson Choy's The Jade Peony, and Denise Chong's The Concubine's Children. The matriarch is the female head of the Chinese household who is able to gain substantial power by manipulating the assets granted to her in a patriarchal system. Dislocated from her home in China, she serves in these texts as the focal point for the collision between the New World, Canada, and the Old World, China. Confronted by a new environment, the matriarch must decide whether she will choose conformity or identity experimentation. The thesis is concerned with the way Chinese Canadian writers negotiate multiple identities through narrators who must come to terms with the divided loyalties of the women of the past. The analysis of the matriarch's identity shifts is informed by the work of the feminist theorists, Elspeth Probyn and Moira Gatens, who explore the productive potentials of rebelling against binary codes. The thesis is divided into three chapters that discuss how the texts come close to embracing identity fluidity, but cannot overcome the need to reach a coherent representation of the matriarch. The first chapter is devoted to Disappearing Moon Cafe, and argues that Lee's narrator sacrifices her female characters, albeit reluctantly, in order to privilege feminism over her Chinese heritage. The second chapter turns to The Jade Peony and discusses how Choy's child narrators give in to binary thinking by relegating Poh-Poh, the Old One, to the realm of memories to make room for the New Ways. The final chapter on The Concubine's Children explores Chong's desire to redeem a grandmother who wreaked havoc on the family when she defied traditional gender roles. The thesis concludes by determining that Lee, Choy, and Chong are reaching for a multi-voiced reading of the past, but cannot yet articulate a way out. The uncertainty of their representations of the matriarch signals their efforts to move beyond binaries to a state of coexisting identity categories. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

The subject of master thesis is conversion of grounds of the former specialized school in in the centre of Rousínov town. It is placed senior housing, center for children and youth, starter flats for young people Into the existing building. New building of café continues to the exhibition area is placed on small square. The proposal deals in detail with surrounding area, which are part of the grounds and are directly linked to the buildings. Effort is to open currently closed grounds to the public, to create high quality of the public space with suitable fillings for its visitors and residents of the flats.

The subject of this thesis is the newly built Sport-relax center in Velké Meziříčí. The built will have two above ground. On the first floor will be a reception with a café and fitness center. Part of the fitness center will be a spinning hall and a small exercise room on the mats. On the second floor will be a sauna center, massages and a center for physiotherapists and nutrition counseling. Individual operations in a multifunctional house are selected with respect to the location. The town of Velké Meziříčí has launched a competition for the construction of this area by a sports-cultural house. For this reason, these sites are located in the house.

The diploma thesis deals with the creation of a business plan for the establishment of a cafe with handmade desserts in Slavkov u Brna. The theoretical part contains a description of the basic concepts and starting points for establishing a company in the area of the work‘s main thought, used analytical methods in planning, including the structure of the business plan itself. The analytical part contains identification of key factors from the field of external, field and internal environment including conducting own marketing research for potential customers and based on the summary and evaluation, then the appropriate strategy of the start-up company in this area is selected. The execution part elaborates the chosen strategy into a partial part of the business plan structure so that the project is feasible.

The thesis is focused on creating business plan to establish a new cafe, which will be located in the new shopping center on the Czech-Austrian border in Hatě. In the first part of the thesis are captured the theoretical bases needed for creating a business plan. The second part of the thesis is focused on individual analysis. In the last part of the thesis are created proposal of steps and measures for the implementation of the business plan including its evaluation.

The aim of the thesis is to create a real and practicable business plan for petting up a Bio – baby cafe. The theoretical section of the thesis contains a definition of a small business. It is predominantly focused on the analysis of particular issues relating to business plans including the legal and economical aspects. In the analytical section these theoretical findings are applied to the specific business goal - foundation of the Bio- baby cafe in Brno-Líšeň.