The study of Civil War prisons is relatively new within the broader study of the Civil War. What little study there is tends to focus on bigger prison camps. It has been established in the historiography that prisoners suffered across the divided nation, but it has not been ascertained how the decisions and policies of the government, as well as the role of the press in those decisions, effected the daily lives of Civil War prisoners. Belle Isle, a Confederate Prison, and Point Lookout, a Union prison, will be analyzed for key differences to provide a fuller picture of life inside a Civil War prison camp, as well as how the press and government affected that daily life. It was discovered that the role of the government and the press was heavily influential in the lives of Civil War prisoners, leading to much suffering.

La musique est nouée au corps humain par le vivant qu’elle y suscite ou res-suscite. Des musiciens des camps de concentration aux gamins des rues du Vénézuela, la musique, expérience individuelle d’être pour chacun, peut advenir, pour certains, comme transmission et faire lien social lorsqu’elle est émanation du féminin. Il y faut pour cela une écriture (musicale) spécifique, consistante et architecturée. / Music is tied to the human body by the life force it creates or re-creates. From concentration camp musicians to Venezuelan street urchins, music, our individual experience of being, may become for some a conveyance and encourage philanthropic empathy when it is an emanation of the feminine. This consequently necessitates specific, consistent and structuredmusical scoring.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Signaling the moon, packing balls of mud, carving a big sphere, cleaning with a giant unwieldy mop, playing with indigo, wrangling cardboard, setting sunflowers ablaze, playing a tune with a soda bottle, taking a walk with other people’s laundry, kindling smoke signals, weaving a bed, cracking seeds all night, listening to sleep, dressing a plant, these are some of the activities that have been incorporated into my work over the last two years. Most ideas begin in the studio and then are realized outside. Many of the tasks mentioned allow me to easily integrate into a crowd, where the project and I go unnoticed and remain indistinguishable from the buzz of day to day life. Other projects however, have been done with more consideration for its secrecy. The narratives that are incorporated in this thesis, both personal and culled from research, attempt to unpack some of the fleeting yet conceptually interwoven curiosities that have propelled me to search for these experiences.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

4 Abstract Phosphodiesterases (PDEs), enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides, are important components of signal transduction pathways in eukaryotic cells. Second messenger 3'-5'- cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is hydrolyzed by specific PDEs. By controlling concentration levels of cAMP in cell, PDEs preserve favorable environment for successful transmission of the cAMP signal. Moreover, PDEs are activated by protein kinase A (PKA) in response to elevated cAMP concentration, which is a feature crucial for signal termination. PDE8A1 is a high-affinity cAMP-specific IBMX insensitive phosphodiesterase, an enzyme important for cAMP signaling. However, mostly due to a lack of specific inhibitor, its role has not been assessed in detail. This thesis reports cloning of PDE8A1, identification of its posttranslational modifications and subcellular localization, as well as an alternative approach to address PDE biology by the use of cyclase toxin from Bordetella pertussis. Keywords: phosphodiesterase, cAMP, posttranslational modification, myristoylation, palmitoylation, adenylate cyclase toxin

Author's name: Veronika Salášková Instititution: Charles University, Prague Filosofical faculty Institute for Classical Archaeology Celetná 20, Prague 1 Discipline: Classical archaeology Title: Roman Limes in Noricum and Pannonia Supervisor: Doc. PhDr. Jiří Musil, PhD. Number of pages: Number of attachments: Year of vindication: 2012 Keywords: Limes Romanus, legio, auxilia, provinces, camp, castellum, castra This thesis proposes to describe origin and evolution of Roman limes in provinces Noricum and Pannonia. At first will summarize the sources, history and evolution of Roman limes generally including particular types of fortifications, their evolution and troops of Roman army from it's beginning until it's end. Then will describe sections of limes in Noricum and Pannonia. Part of the thesis is also catalogue of images.

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Thesis advisor: Seth Jacobs / U.S. President Jimmy Carter's handling of the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Middle East can only be properly understood in the context of his religious beliefs. Carter pursued what amounted to a faith-based foreign policy. Guided by the Christian concepts of justice, forgiveness, humility, and an emphasis on the importance of individuals, Carter attempted to make policy conform to the standards set by his faith. Viewing the Arab-Israeli conflict through this lens, he committed to advancing the Middle East peace process out of a Christian sense of duty. Religious belief caused Carter to champion the Palestinians' cause since he believed that the Palestinian people were suffering grave injustices under the Israeli occupation of the West Banka and Gaza. Ultimately, his faith-based approach proved unable to resolve the many diplomatic challenges facing his administration in the region. Fearing that any chance for peace might be lost, he invited Prime Minister Menachem Begin of Israel and President Anwar Sadat of Egypt to Camp David for substantive talks in September 1978. Only when Carter abandoned his religiously grounded policy orientation and embraced a coldly calculating approach did he succeed in getting the Israelis and Egyptians to agree to a deal. With the conclusion of the Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty in March 1979, Carter effectively removed himself from any further involvement in the process. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2012. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: History.

Natural disasters and conflicts in many different parts of the world force thousands of people to get displaced from their homes and live in refugee camps temporarily or permanently. For refugee families, lack of energy access has great impact on their lives. Tarpon Solar Company has developed a solar tent which is a combination of laminated cloth and flexible solar cells. In addition to producing renewable electricity, it can create a comfortable outdoor shelter from sun, rain and wind.   The aims of this study were to define and size the solar system of the tent in both AC and DC systems and optimize the tent to work in different locations around the world. Besides designing a monitoring system for the solar tent to evaluate the performance. In addition, defining the social aspect and the consumer behavior for a better solar tent future design. As a case study, Tarpon AC solar tent in Glava, Sweden has been installed to cover the basic needs of the tent users. To understand the solar tent performance in different weather zones, 4 different locations were suggested. A monitor system was designed to monitor the tent solar system performance. The simulation software PVsyst was used to size the PV system in the different locations with different solar data.   The PVsyst simulation results showed that the current Tarpon solar tent with 32 photovoltaic modules is extremely oversized to cover the basic needs loads (Lighting, mobile charging and ventilation) in the emergency cases.   The current Tarpon solar tent has a standard number of photovoltaic modules integrated in the tent fabric while the photovoltaic modules number should vary from one location to another according to the weather data and solar irradiation. In this case the current Tarpon solar system used in Glava, Sweden can be optimized by decreasing the number of photovoltaic modules to only 6 photovoltaic modules instead of 32 modules.   The study also shows that the features of the off-grid system components (battery and charge controller) are different from one location to another according to the criteria of selection.   This study concludes that for the temporary short-term emergency use of the tent where only basic needs loads are needed, DC system is better than AC system in terms of energy efficiency, system size and cost in the different proposed locations. While AC system is better when using the tent for prolonged time in terms of user flexibility and ability to extend the system. Understanding the consumer behavior and the goal of the tent whether to be used for an emergency short term shelter or a permanent shelter for a prolonged time are important factors for a better solar tent design.