The diploma thesis deals with a design of a tester device, a selection and verification of a suitable method for comparing the piezoelectric properties of tested PVDF samples. In the introduction, a basic overview of the theory is important to understand the issue and the various branches of use of PVDF in the field of energy harvesting. The tester device includes a unimorph piezoelectric cantilever beam with tip mass, whose properties are described by three models: a model with N degrees of freedom reduced to one degree of freedom (NDOF), a single degree of freedom model (SDOF), both created in Matlab and a model for verifying results in FEM ANSYS Workbench program. The voltage time response and the voltage frequency response of the models is compared with each other. For two different PVDF samples, the voltage response to harmonic excitation is measured using a tester device, and the piezoelectric properties of one of them are determined using the NDOF and SDOF models.

This thesis discusses the types of bridge expansion joints certified for use in the Czech Republic and their disorders. The first part was a theoretical evaluation of expansion joint failures. The second part focused on clarifying the failure of anchor bolts at the cantilever expansion joint. On the basis of determining the cause was then designed a method for determining the durability of expansion joints. Prognosis life cycles corresponds records according to administrator- repair works.

My thesis is focused on a design and comparism of the highway bridge across Dolansky creek. The bridge is built by balanced cantilever method. The common span length is 110metres. The bridge is post-tensioned concrete structure.The static model is made of beams.The static analysis during lifespan of bridge is made by Time discretization analysis . The design of reinforcement is made for longitudinal section and cross section.

This Master’s thesis concerns a design of the highway bridge over Nitra River in Nitra, Slovakia. Three variants were designed from which one was selected and analyzed in detail. It is a three box cell girder made of post-tensioned concrete and constructed as a free cantilever bridge. The bridge is assessed according to Eurocodes. The limit states for persistent and transient design situations were taken into account at carrying out the design. There are drawings attached to this thesis as illustrative drawings of the bridge and its construction stages, drawings of the prestress tendons and reinforcement.

This thesis is intended to identify the mode I and mode II fracture toughness to characterize the thin laminate interface by using the Double Cantilever Beam test (DCB) and End Notched Flexure test (ENF). This study’s thin laminate was Polyethylene Terephthalate and Low-Density Polyethylene (PET-LDPE), which is mostly used by packaging industries in the manufacturing of packages to store liquid food. As PET-LDPE film is very flexible and difficult to handle, DCB and ENF tests cannot be performed directly so, sheet metal (Aluminium) was used as carrier material. PET-LDPE film is placed between two aluminum plates to reduce the flexibility and perform the tests. Therefore, the Aluminium plate was also studied to find the constitutive parameters (young’s modulus (E) and mixed hardening parameters (Plastic properties)) under the tensile test and three-point bending test. From the test response, energy release rate calculation has been done for different Pre-crack lengths to validate the DCB and ENF experimental setup, study the different Pre-crack lengths, and characterize the laminate interface. Finite Element simulation (FE simulation) for those tests were carried out in AbaqusTM2020. When needed, the force versus displacement response from FE simulation was optimized against experimental response to find the required constitutive parameters (Young’s modulus, Hardening parameters, and PET-LDPE material properties). Implementing of optimization algorithm and automated simulation has been done with the help of MATLAB code. In contrast, MATLAB works as a server, and Abaqus works as a client and connected two interfaces to run the optimization. The results obtained from experiments and FE simulations were compared to the results found in the literature.

The objective of this study was to evaluate and gain a better understanding of the short-term impact performance and the long-term durability of electrically conductive adhesives for electronic interconnection applications. Three model conductive adhesives, designated as ECA1, ECA2 and ECA3, supplied by Emerson & Cuming, were investigated, in conjunction with printed circuit board (PCB) substrates with metallizations of Au/Ni/Cu and Cu, manufactured by Triad Circuit Inc. Effects of environmental aging on the durability of conductive adhesives and their joints were evaluated. All the samples for both mechanical tests and thermal tests were aged at 85%, 100%RH for periods of up to 50 days. Studies of bulk conductive adhesives suggested that both plasticization, which is reversible and further crosslinking and thermal degradation, which are irreversible, might have occurred upon exposure of ECAs to the hot/wet environment. The durability of electrically conductive adhesive joints was then investigated utilizing the double cantilever beam (DCB) test. It was observed that the conductive adhesive joint was significantly weakened following hydrothermal aging, and there was a transition from cohesive failure to interfacial failure as aging continued. A comparative study of the durability of different conductive adhesive and substrate metallization combinations suggested that the resistance of the adhesive joints to moisture attack is related to the adhesive properties, as well as the substrate metallizations. It was noted that the gold/adhesive interface had better resistance to moisture attack than the copper/adhesive interface. A reasonable explanation of this phenomenon was given based upon the concept of surface free energy and interfacial free energy. XPS analysis was performed on the fractured surfaces of DCB samples. For adhesive joints with copper metallization, copper oxide was detected on the failed surfaces upon exposure of the conductive adhesive joints following aging. XPS analysis on the fractured surfaces of adhesive joints with Au metallization suggested that diffusion of Cu to the Au surface might have happened on the Au/Ni/Cu plated PCB substrates during aging. The impact performance of conductive adhesives was quantitatively determined using a falling wedge test. This unique impact resistance testing method could serve as a useful tool to screen conductive adhesives at the materials level for bonding purpose. Moreover, this test could also provide some useful information for conductive adhesive development. This study revealed that the viscoelastic energy, which is a result of the internal friction created by chain motions within the adhesive material, played an important role in the impact fracture behavior of the conductive adhesives. This study also demonstrated that the loss factor, evaluated at the impact environment conditions, is a good indicator of a conductive adhesive's ability to withstand impact loading. / Ph. D.

La récupération d'énergie ambiante permet d’alimenter de manière autonome des systèmes de petite taille tels que des neouds de capteurs ou des objets connectés à internet (IoT) en remplacement des batteries. Les sources d’énergie ambiante sont par exemple, l’énergie solaire, le gradient thermique, les forces mécaniques, le rayonnement électromagnétique et la pile microbienne. Les matériaux piézoélectriques permettent de valoriser électriquement l’énergie mécanique de vibration en la convertissant directement en énergie électrique. Les niveaux de puissance assez faible (de quelques μW au mW) ont amené à développer des interfaces électriques de récupération afin d’extraire le maximum d'énergie en améliorant le couplage électromécanique. Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons à l’amélioration de dispositif de récupération d’énergie. Deux aspects sont abordés : dans un premier temps l’étude d’un commutateur hybride synchrone électrique-mécanique est faite pour remplacer le transistor MOSFET couramment utilisé, afin de réduire sa consommation d’énergie ; dans un deuxième temps, un travail est mené sur une nouvelle structure mécanique à base de poutres reliées entre elle par des forces de répulsion magnétique. La structure obtenue par cet ensemble de poutres et de type non-linéaire à plusieurs degrés de liberté (MDOF) ce qui permet augmenter la bande passante. / The future trend of Internet of Things (IoT) is bringing energy harvesting in to the core technique due to its requirement of self-power supplying. For best customer interface and eco-friendly issues, additional sensing systems are to be designed small, wireless and self-powering. Energy harvesting provides a way to realize the wireless self-powered system, it enables the device itself to obtain its own energy from their environment. Solar energy, thermal gradient, mechanical forces, are some commonly seen methods to obtain energy from the environment. The piezoelectric energy harvester is chosen to harvest vibrational energy in this study. In this work, a simple model of the original electrical smart switch driven under ultra-low power is proposed. By using the miniature device to drive the smart switch, the efficiency when low power is provided was examined. To construct an energy harvesting system in a more complete aspect, two newly proposed methods are as below: First, the hybrid-electrical-mechanical switches were utilized to replace the commonly seen electrical smart switches, to reduce its energy consumption such as threshold loss. Secondly, we designed a new mechanical structure for the cantilever array by connecting the beams using magnetic repelling force. In this way, the beams within the array were connected physically, forming a nonlinear multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) -like result.

This subject of this thesis is an apartment building with a garage in basement and three levels located in the part of Praha called Stodůlky. In this thesis are solved certain parts of reinforced concrete structures: foundation slab, slab above basement floor, column, stairway, cantilever slab and wall. Static behaviour of the object is analysed in the programme SCIA Engineer. The drawings of the reinforcements are made in the system programme AutoCAD and the superstructural programme for AutoCAD Recoc

The main work of the diploma thesis is a draft and a static judgement of chosen horizontal and vertical parts of prefab hall with a crane runway. The chosen parts are the girder, the column, the bracing, the foundation beam, and the foundation pad. The model for gathering of intern forces is made by the program SCIA Engineer 18.1 with the use of a bar 3D model of the whole project. The parts were judged on the ultimate limit state. The prestressed girder was judged on the ultimate limit state and the serviceability limit state.

The subject of this Master's thesis is the design of a road bridge on the D1 in the section Lietavská Lúčka - Višňové in the Žilina Region, Žilina District, Slovak Republic. The bridge is used to cross the valley in KM 4,313 and the road in KM 4,410. Three variants of bridging were proposed, but further in the work an assessment is made on one of the variants. The total length of the superstructure is 354.00 m, the theoretical total span of the structure is 352.00 m. The bridge has 4 spans and is constructed by free cantilever method .The locations of the supports were limited by unsuitable geological conditions at the construction site (active shear area in Quaternary sediments), especially in span No. 3 (span lenght 104.00 m) and span No. 4 (span lenght 75.00 m). The monolithic part of the bridge structure will be concreted by free cantilever method with the largest length of the cantilever 52.00 m. The outermost parts of fields No. 1 and No. 4 will be cast-in-place using fixed scaffolding.