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In search of a family : the challenge of gangsterism to faith communities on the Cape FlatsMacMaster, Llewellyn L. M. 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (DTh (Practical Theology and Missiology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Gangsterism, as described in this study, is a serious problem. It has deep historical roots in
Cape town has developed into a kind of ‘resident evil’ that rears its ugly head time and again,
despite several efforts by state organs to crush it.
The study was not attempted as a thorough and in-depth research on gangs as such. The main
research question was: How do faith communities, in particular Christian churches, respond to
the challenges of gangsterism on the Cape Flats.
The research gives an overview of gangsterism as a global phenomenon and how it specifically
manifests and presents itself within the context of the Cape Flats of Cape Town. The discussion
of gangsterism deliberately wanted to dispel the notion that there are quick-fix solutions to
gangsterism. People of faith should guard against superficial analyses and over-simplification of
social issues, including gangsterism, poverty and unemployment. With this in mind, the research
has traced the historical origins of gangsterism in Cape Town, highlighting various socio-political,
economic as well as cultural and personal factors that contributed to the formation and
establishment of street gangs. It was also noted how some of these factors still exist in postapartheid
South Africa and continue to provide fertile ground for gangsterism to continually raise
its ugly head in communities on the Cape Flats. It was important to note that many gangs have
evolved from ordinary street gangs to sophisticated, high-profile crime syndicates that have built
strongholds in poor communities. This furthermore underlines the fact that there are not quick-fix
solutions to gangsterism as if it is only a few youngsters causing trouble that should be sorted
out [Chapter 2].
Faith communities on the Cape Flats have come a long way themselves. These communities
have shown an incredible resilience in the face of many challenges as a result of socio-political
factors. It is therefore important to discuss some of the elements that contributed to this
resilience as the research explores the nature of the ecclesiology that has developed over a
period of time. What transpired is that the ecclesiology under discussion is dynamic, not static in
nature. The type of ecclesiology on the Cape Flats may be called a social-systemic ministry of
inter-contextual presence. It is responsive to the social context, and is kept alive by the context
with a huge emphasis on orthopraxy rather than orthodoxy. The situation on the Cape Flats
requires a missional ecclesiology as faith communities are challenged to continuously involve
themselves in the mission dei. While reaching out to the world, faith communities are also called
iv
upon to be open, practicing hospitality as they welcome gangsters and ex-gangsters into their
spaces of worship [Chapter 3].
The next question to explore is: What kind of pastoral care is needed when faith communities on
the Cape Flats have to deal with the challenge of gangsterism and other social phenomena like
poverty, unemployment and substance-abuse? In order to answer this question, it was
necessary to trace back the development of pastoral care and counseling over many centuries.
Learning from these historical developments, a communal-contextual paradigm for pastoral care
was chosen as a base theory. This choice indicates a move away from individual care with a
focus on the human “self” to a hermeneutics of systemic, public care and compassionate
presence. Some of the elements of this kind of care is discussed which include contextuality, as
well as the eco-systemic, hermeneutical, anthropological, relational and public nature of pastoral
care. It is also important that pastoral care operates and is practiced inter-disciplinary in order to
provide the best possible help to care-seekers.
The final question that is posed is: How different is the care that faith communities provide from
the care of any other welfare agency or non-governmental organization (NGO)? In order to link
an eco-systemic and social hermeneutic paradigm to the theology of presence of God within
communal and contextual systems, a pneumatological approach to theory formation in pastoral
care is proposed. Pastoral care has to offer more than behavioural and social sciences, because
we believe that the salvation and grace it offers are good news to people. Pastoral care offers
not only comfort and consolation, but also transformation (change and growth) and the fostering
of a mature faith and spirituality by means of Scripture, prayer and the sacraments within the
communion sanctorum, the familia dei. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gangsterisme, soos dit in hierdie studie beskryf word, is ‘n ernstige probleem. Dit het diep
historiese wortels in Kaapstad, wat met die verloop van tyd ontwikkel het in ‘n tipe ‘plaaslike
euwel’ wat gereeld kop uitsteek, ten spyte van talle pogings deur staatsorganisasies om dit uit te
roei.
Die studie is nie aangepak met die doel om ‘n deeglike en in diepte navorsing te wees op
bendes as sodanig nie. Die hoof navorsingsvraag was: Hoe reageer geloofsgemeenskappe,
meer spesifiek Christelike kerke, op die uitdagings van gangsterisme op die Kaapse Vlakte?
‘n Oorsig word gegee van gangsterisme as ‘n wêreldwye verskynsel en hoe dit spesifiek
manifesteer en voorkom in die konteks van die Kaapse Vlakte van Kaapstad. Die bespreking
van gangsterisme stel ten doel om die idee te verwerp dat eenvoudige oplossings te vinde is vir
gangsterisme. Gelowige mense moet waak teen oppervlakkige ontledings en
oorvereenvoudiging van sosiale aangeleenthede, insluitend gangsterisme, armoede en
werkloosheid. Gedagtig hieraan, het die navorsing die historiese oorsprong van gangsterisme in
Kaapstad nagetrek, met klem op die verskeie sosio-politiese, ekonomiese sowel as die kulturele
en persoonlike faktore wat bygedra het tot die vorming en vestiging van straatbendes. Melding
was ook gemaak van die feit dat sommige van hierdie faktore steeds bestaan in post-apartheid
Suid-Afrika en voortgaan om ‘n geskikte milieu te skep vir gangsterisme om voortdurend kop uit
te steek in gemeenskappe op die Kaapse Vlakte. Dit was belangrik om te vermeld dat bendes
ontwikkel het van gewone straatbendes na gesofistikeerde, hoë profiel misdaadsindikate wat
hulle ingegrawe het in arm gemeenskappe.
Dit bevestig verder dat daar geen eenvoudige oplossings is vir gangsterisme, asof dit slegs ‘n
paar jongelinge is wat kwaad aanvang en uitgesorteer behoort te word.
Geloofsgemeenskappe op die Kaapse Vlakte het self ook ‘n lang pad gestap. Hierdie
gemeenskappe het ‘n ongelooflike weerstand getoon in die aangesig van menigte uitdagings as
gevolg van sosio-politiese faktore. Gevolglik is dit belangrik om sommige van die elemente te
bespreek wat bygedra het tot hierdie weerstand in die lig van die bespreking van die aard van
die ekklesiologie soos dit met die verloop van tyd ontwikkel het. Dit het geblyk dat die
ekklesiologie onder bespreking dinamies en nie staties van aard is. Die ekklesiologie van die
Kaapse Vlakte kan na verwys word as ‘n sosiaal-sistemiese bediening van inter-kontekstuele
teenwoordigheid. Dit reageer op die sosiale konteks, en word aan die gang gehou deur die
konteks, met meer klem op ortopraksie eerder as op ortodoksie. Die situasie op die Kaapse
Vlakte vereis ‘n missionale ekklesiologie soos geloofsgemeenskappe voortdurend uitgedaag
vi
word om hulle te betrek in die mission dei. Wyl hulle uitreik na die wêreld, word
geloofsgemeenskappe ook opgeroep om toeganklik en gasvry te wees teenoor bendelede en
gewese bendelede deur hulle in hul midde in plekke van aanbidding te verwelkom.
Die volgende vraag om te ondersoek is die vraag na die tipe pastorale sorg wat nodig is
wanneer geloofsgemeenskappe op die Kaapse Vlakte te doene het met die uitdagings van
gangsterisme en ander sosiale verskynsels soos armoede, werkloosheid en dwelmmisbruik.
Om hierdie vraag te kan beantwoord, was dit nodig om die ontwikkeling van pastorale sorg en
berading oor die eeue na te speur. Gegrond op hierdie historiese ontwikkelinge, is besluit op ‘n
gemeenskaplik-kontekstuele paradigma as basis teorie vir pastorale sorg. Hierdie keuse dui op
‘n wegbreek van individuele versorging met die fokus op die menslike ‘self’ na ‘n hermeneutiek
van sistemiese, publieke sorg en medelye teenwoordigheid.
Sommige van die elemente van hierdie tipe sorg word bespreek, wat kontekstualiteit insluit,
sowel as die eko—sistemiese, hermeneutiese, antropologiese, relasionele en publieke aard van
pastorale sorg. Dit is verder ook belangrik om kennis te neem dat pastorale sorg interdissiplinêr
werksaam is en uitgevoer word om die bes moontlike sorg te bied aan diegene wat om sorg
aanklop.
Die laaste vraag wat gestel word: Hoe verskil die sorg wat deur geloofsgemeenskappe voorsien
word van die sorg van enige ander welsynsorganisasie of nie-regeringsorganisasie (NRO)? Om
‘n eko-sistemiese en sosiaal hermeneutiese paradigma te verbind met die teologie van
teenwoordigheid van God binne gemeenskaplike en kontekstuele sisteme word ‘n
pneumatologiese benadering tot teorie vorming in pastorale sorg voorgestel. Pastorale sorg het
meer om te bied as die gedrags- en sosiale wetenskappe, want ons glo dat die verlossing en
genade wat dit bied goeie nuus is vir mense. Pastorale sorg bied nie net bemoediging en
vertroosting nie, maar ook transformasie (verandering en groei) en die kweking van ‘n volwasse
geloof en spiritualiteit deur middel van Skrif, gebed en die sakramente binne die communion
sanctorum, die familia dei.
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A case-control study of risk factors for low birth weight in the Western Cape : Winelands/West Coast regionBatist, Elizabeth Sheilah January 2003 (has links)
Birthweight is powerful predictor of infant growth and survival. Premature birth and intrauterine growth retardation of birthweight. Maternal environment is important underlying determinant of birthweight. Common lifestyle risk factors include maternal under-nutrition, smoking, alcohol and social factors and stress. The Winelands/West Coast region has high rates of low birthweight. In addition, alcohol abuse and smoking are major problems in this area. The aim of this quantitative case-control study was to determine the epidemiology of low birthweight, related to lifestyle behaviours in pregnant women, with particular attention to lifestyle factors such as alcohol, smoking, and stress-related factors.
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Regimes and rights on the Orange River: possessing and dispossessing Griqua Philippolis and Afrikaner OraniaCavanagh, Edward January 2012 (has links)
Submitted as requirement of the degree of Master of Arts History, Faculty of Humanities University of the Witwatersrand, January 2012 / Griqua Philippolis (1824-1862) and Afrikaner Orania (1990-present) are explored in this thesis, according to a legal-history framework that allows for a comparative appraisal of their foundations. As I argue, property – specifically, property in land – helps us to understand sovereignty and the question of rights in the South Africa. As this thesis explores, both settlements were formerly home to prior inhabitants (the San in Philippolis; Coloured squatters in Orania), and these inhabitants had to be transferred away. Both communities emerged out of contested and dynamic political contexts – situations that would determine how they saw themselves and others. Land regulations were devised within these respective contexts, in direct response to specific external pressures and the demands of the market. Internally, both polities were tightly governed. Externally, to various institutions and individuals, both argued for their ‘rights’ – mainly rights to land and to special treatment – all the time. Indeed, in a way, this study is an historical exploration of the effective deployment of ‘rights talk’, and to that end, my argument carries across two centuries right up to the present day using Orania and Philippolis to do this. This thesis, then, is a study about land rights, and the different regimes that create and erase them, that acknowledge and ignore them; it is a local history of settler colonialism past and present, using two case studies to explore the continuities of South Africa’s ever-pertinent land question. / XL2018
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Assessment of environmental exposure to air pollution within four neighbourhoods of the Western Cape, South AfricaMadonsela, Benett Siyabonga January 2019 (has links)
Thesis (MTech (Environmental Health))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2019. / Background: A recent review on the effects of ambient air pollution on human health in sub-Saharan Africa, specifically calls for an urgent need for more epidemiological studies in developing countries due to a lack of data in these countries. Air pollution information on exposure is important for understanding and addressing its public health impact in developing countries. In many African countries, the spatial distribution of air pollutants has not been quantified even though air pollution is a global public health risk. The main goal of the study was to quantify and compare the seasonal spatial variation of household air pollution in the 4 Western Cape neighbourhoods.
Methods: Weekly indoor and outdoor measurements of Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Ozone (O3), Carbon monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were conducted at 127 households in four informal settlement areas (Khayelitsha, Marconi-Beam, Masiphumulele and Oudtshoorn) during one month each in summer and winter. PM2.5 measurements were conducted using Mesa Labs GK2.05 (KTL) cyclone with the GilAir Plus Air Sampling Pump, Gases were measured using Passam passive samplers. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata V12. Simple linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between continuous exposure levels and the respective predictor variables. These include distance to major roads, bus routes, open grills and waste burning sites.
Results: The highest average weekly outdoor PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations for summer were recorded in Milnerton (8.76 µg/m3 and 16.32 µg/m3 respectively). However, the highest average concentrations during winter for PM2.5 were recorded in Oudtshoorn (PM2.5: 16.07 µg/m3), whilst the highest NO2, was recorded in Khayelitsha (NO2: 35.69 µg/m3). SO2 levels were consistently low during both seasons. Noordhoek generally recorded the lowest average levels for all pollutants. Winter average weekly concentrations were generally higher than the levels recorded in summer for all pollutants. In a sub-sample of indoor and outdoor measurements, the results were comparable for PM2.5, NO2 and CO. However, the results of Ozone (O3) showed relatively higher (~10 times) outdoor compared to indoor levels. Linear regression modelling results revealed that significant predictors of elevated exposure to PM2.5 were proximity to construction activities and open grills. Analysis demonstrated a clear dose-response relationship with distance, with open grills within 1000m associated with a 0.33 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 to 6.77 µg/m3 at a distance of 25 meters. Results from the linear regression modelling revealed that significant predictors of exposure to NO2 were proximity to rapid transport bus stops, bus routes, taxi routes and major routes. Distance to rapid transport bus stops demonstrated an increase in NO2 between 0.09 µg/m3 (at 1km) to 2.16 µg/m3 (at 50m) during summer. A similar pattern was observed for taxi routes and bus routes displaying an increase of 6.26 μg/m3and 6.82 μg/m3 respectively within the proximity of 1000 meters. / MAUERBERGER Foundation Scholarship
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Resource Description and Access (RDA): continuity in an ever-fluxing information age with reference to tertiary institutions in the Western Capevan Rensburg, Rachel Janse January 2018 (has links)
Magister Library and Information Studies - MLIS / Although Resource Description and Access (RDA) has been discussed extensively amongst the
ranks of cataloguers internationally, no research on the perceptions of South African
cataloguers was available at the time of this research.
The aim of this study was to determine how well RDA was faring during the study's timeframe,
to give a detailed description regarding cataloguer perceptions within a higher education setting
in South Africa. Furthermore, to determine whether the implementation of RDA has overcome
most of the limitations that AACR2 had within a digital environment, to identify advantages
and/or perceived limitations of RDA as well as to assist cataloguers to adopt and implement the
new standard effectively.
The study employed a qualitative research design assisted by a phenomenological philosophy
to gain insight into how cataloguers experienced the implementation and adoption of RDA by
means of two concurrent web-based questionnaires.
The study concluded that higher education cataloguing professionals residing in the Western
Cape were decidedly positive towards the new cataloguing standard. Although there were some
initial reservations, they were overcome to such an extent that ultimately no real limitations
were identified, and that RDA has indeed overcome most of the limitations displayed by
AACR2. Many advantages of RDA were identified, and participants expressed excitement
about the future capabilities of RDA as it continues toward a link-data milieu, making library
metadata more easily available.
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A case-control study of risk factors for low birth weight in the Western Cape : Winelands/West Coast regionBatist, Elizabeth Sheilah January 2003 (has links)
Birthweight is powerful predictor of infant growth and survival. Premature birth and intrauterine growth retardation of birthweight. Maternal environment is important underlying determinant of birthweight. Common lifestyle risk factors include maternal under-nutrition, smoking, alcohol and social factors and stress. The Winelands/West Coast region has high rates of low birthweight. In addition, alcohol abuse and smoking are major problems in this area. The aim of this quantitative case-control study was to determine the epidemiology of low birthweight, related to lifestyle behaviours in pregnant women, with particular attention to lifestyle factors such as alcohol, smoking, and stress-related factors. / Master of Public Health - MPH
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A case-control study of risk factors for low birth weight in the Western Cape : Winelands/West Coast regionBatist, Elizabeth Sheilah January 2003 (has links)
Birthweight is powerful predictor of infant growth and survival. Premature birth and intrauterine growth retardation of birthweight. Maternal environment is important underlying determinant of birthweight. Common lifestyle risk factors include maternal under-nutrition, smoking, alcohol and social factors and stress. The Winelands/West Coast region has high rates of low birthweight. In addition, alcohol abuse and smoking are major problems in this area. The aim of this quantitative case-control study was to determine the epidemiology of low birthweight, related to lifestyle behaviours in pregnant women, with particular attention to lifestyle factors such as alcohol, smoking, and stress-related factors.
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A review of lessons learned to inform capacity-building for sustainable nature-based tourism development in the European Union funded "Support to the Wild Coast Spatial Development Initiative Pilot Programme /Wright, Brian Bradley. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (M. Ed. (Education))--Rhodes University, 2006. / Half-thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Education (Environmental Education).
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Multi-purpose community centres : a local economic development strategy towards sustainable community empowerment and poverty alleviation in the Dwars River regionBruiners, Natasja 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MS en S)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In South Africa, Multi-Purpose Community Centres (MPCCs) have been identified
as the primary approach for the implementation of development communication
and information as they potentially offer a wide range of services that
communities can utilise for their own empowerment. This affords the community
an opportunity to become more self-reliant. The new Local Economic
Development (LED) policy paper (2002) highlights the mobilisation of internal
resources, capacities and skills consistent with the sustainable development
objectives that government is now more aggressively pursuing.
Community participation and empowerment play a significant role in any
community, therefore, municipalities need to create the conditions for greater
public participation and empowerment. It should be done with regards to the
disadvantaged or marginalised groups in accordance with the conditions and
capacities in a municipality. In the Dwars River region, various services are being
planned ranging from skills development to tourism, but these depend on
sufficient financial aid.
The nature and location of the MPCCs in South Africa makes financial
sustainability difficult because the majority of them largely serve historically
disadvantaged communities with limited financial resources to pay for services. It
is also important to note that economic growth does not necessarily imply poverty
alleviation and/or skills development as components of the government's
communication and information approach. MPCCs can transform communities
but will be time consuming and requires participation from all spheres of
government and civil society. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In Suid Afrika was Veeldoenige Gemeenskap Sentrums geidentifiseer as die
primêre benadering vir die implementering van informasie en kommunikasie
programme, veral omdat hierdie progamme 'n reeks dienste aanbied, wat die
gemeenskap kan benut vir hul eie bemagtiging. Dit gee aan die gemeenskap die
geleentheid om meer onafhanklik te word. Die nuwe Plaaslike Ekonomiese
Ontwikkelings beleidsdokument (2002) beklemtoon die mobilisering van interne
hulpbronne, kapasiteit en vaardighede konstant met die volhoubare ontwikkelings
objektiewe wat die regering meer aggresief nastreef.
Publieke deelname en bemagtiging speel 'n kenmerkende rol in die lewens van
die gemeenskap. Verder blyk dit duidelik dat munisipaliteite, publieke deelname
en bemagtiging moet bevorder. Munisipaliteite moet ook kondisies vir publieke
deelname en bemagtiging skep. Hierdie twee strategieë moet veral toegepas
word op vorig benadeelde en gemarginaliseerde groepe en gemeenskappe in lyn
met die kondisies en kapasiteit van die betrokke munisipaliteit. Die Dwarsrivier
Vallei bied verskeie dienste aan wat vaardigheidsontwikkeling en toerisme insluit.
Dit sal grootliks afhang van die streek se finansiële kapasiteit.
Die aard en ligging van Veeldoenige Gemeenskap Sentrums in Suid-Afrika maak
finansiële volhoubaarheid
Gemeenskap Sentrums
moeilik,
bedien
want die meerderheid Veeldoenige
grootliks die historiese benadeelde
gemeenskappe met hul beperkte finansiële hulpbronne. Dit is ook belangrik om
te beklemtoon dat ekonomiese groei nie noodwendig armoede uitwissing
impliseer nie, maar so eerder vaardigheidsontwikkeling (bv. Informasie
Tegnologie). Veeldoenige Gemeenskap Sentrums kan gemeenskappe
transformeer, maar sal baie tydrowend wees en benodig gemeenskap deelname
in alle sfere van regering en plaaslike gemeenskap.
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Target marketing : the geographical information systems approachSoutar, Garron 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Geodemographics has been used extensively as a decision-support tool in both the business sector
and the market survey environment in the United States, the United Kingdom and numerous other
countries. This has however not been the case in South Africa, partly because of the expense
involved in capturing current and complete customer information. As an alternative to capturing all
the required customer information, geodemographics has frequently made use of government
census data to supplement the organisation-specific data. However, even the census data has its
shortcomings.
This research has explored a method for building an organisation-specific database using a
combination of government census data and organisation-specific data. The organisation-specific
data was captured using a questionnaire that was targeted to a specific group of people. The
information obtained from the questionnaire and which overlapped with specific census data
variables was then used to update the relevant census variables.
Cluster analysis was subsequently conducted on the census data in order to identify enumerator
areas within the Western Province that had demographic and economic characteristics similar to
those of the surveyed areas. Once the appropriate enumerator areas had been identified, the
organisation-specific information from the survey was extrapolated to these new areas outside of
the surveyed areas.
The methodology used in this research provides a process that allows organisations to build a
unique geodatabase by making use of the good qualities of both the census data and user-specific
data. The resulting geodatabase is one that contains current and pertinent information while also
providing complete spatial coverage. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geodemografie word op groot skaal gebruik as n hulpmiddel vir die ondersteuning van
besluitneming in die sakesektor en die markopname-omgewing in die Verenigde State, die
Verenigde Koninkryk en talle ander lande. Dit is egter nie in Suid-Afrika die geval nie, deels as
gevolg van die onkoste verbonde aan vaslegging van die jongste en volledige kliente-inligting. As
n altematief vir die vaslegging van al die vereiste kliente-inligting maak geodemografie dikwels
gebruik van sensusdata om data eie aan n organisasie aan te vul. Selfs sensusdata het egter
tekortkominge.
Hierdie navorsing het n metode ondersoek vir die opbou van n databasis eie aan n organisasie deur
gebruik te maak van n kombinasie van sensusdata en data eie aan n organisasie. Die data eie aan ri
organisasie is vasgele deur gebruik te maak van ri vraelys vir n spesifieke teikengroep. Die
inligting wat uit die vraelys verkry is en wat met die spesifieke sensusdataveranderlikes
ooreengestem het, is toe gebruik om die relevante sensusveranderlikes by te werk.
Skakelingsanalise is daama op die sensusdata uitgevoer ten einde opnemerareas in die Westelike
Provinsie te identifiseer wat soortgelyke demografiese en ekonomiese kenmerke gehad het as die
areas waarin die vraelysopname gemaak is. Nadat die geskikte opnemerareas gei'dentifiseer is, is
die inligting eie aan die organisasie uit die opname geekstrapoleer na hierdie nuwe areas buite die
areas waar die opname gemaak is.
Die metodologie wat in hierdie navorsing gebruik is, verskaf n metodologie wat organisasies in
staat stel om n unieke geodatabasis op te bou deur gebruik te maak van die goeie eienskappe van
beide die sensusdata en die data eie aan die gebruiker. Die geodatabasis wat hieruit voortspruit, is
een wat die jongste en verbandhoudende inligting bevat en volledige ruimtelike dekking bied.
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