The diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of the possibilities of cargo container transportation between the EU and East Asia using different modes of transport, especially railways. In the theoretical part, the author presents possible ways of transport between the EU and East Asia, with an emphasis on the Trans-Siberian Railway. In thesis is also mentioned the issue of containerization. The practical part consists of specific examples showing the differences in usage of maritime or rail transport on the given route, especially in case of costs and transit time.

Ускоренные темпы развития логистических и информационных систем, а также повышение уровня конкуренции на рынке грузоперевозок актуализируют разработку новых подходов к ценообразованию предприятий на данном рынке. Целью магистерской диссертации является разработка и апробация механизма ценовой адаптации предприятия, функционирующего на рынке автомобильных грузоперевозок. В работе рассматриваются теоретические и прикладные вопросы ценообразования на предприятии. В качестве источников информации использовалась учебно-методическая и научно-исследовательская литература, статистические данные Федеральной службы государственной статистики, данные бухгалтерской отчетности предприятия ООО «ТК ИСТОК-АвтоТранс» и данные корпоративной статистики по теме исследования. В ходе написания магистерской диссертации был разработан механизм ценовой адаптации предприятия на рынке автомобильных грузоперевозок, предполагающий непрерывный, регулярный процесс ценообразования, состоящий из пяти последовательных этапов установления оптимальной цены на предоставляемые услуги и ориентированный на повышение устойчивости предприятия на рынке, формирование его положительной динамики и рост прибыли. Предложенный механизм ценовой адаптации развивает методические основы анализа финансово-хозяйственной деятельности предприятия автомобильных грузоперевозок и расширяет инструментарий его ценообразования в рыночных условиях. В результате апробации разработанного механизма предприятию ООО «ТК ИСТОК-АвтоТранс» был предложен набор оптимальных уровней цен для различных направлений грузоперевозки, определены направления совершенствования разработанного механизма. / The accelerated pace of logistics and information systems development, as well as increasing competition in the freight market, are making new approaches to the pricing in this market in demand. The purpose of the master thesis is the development and testing of the price adaptation mechanism for the company engaged in automobile cargo transportation. The thesis deals with theoretical and applied issues of pricing process at the enterprise. Educational and research literature, statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service, accounting data of the “TK ISTOK-AvtoTrans” company, as well as corporate statistics data were used as data for the research. The price adaptation mechanism for the trucking company was developed. The mechanism consists of five consecutive stages, during which the optimal price for the freight service is determined. It is also assumed that the pricing process is constant and continuous which contributes to the sustainability of the enterprise in the market, its positive development and profit growth. The proposed price adaptation mechanism develops the methodological basis for analyzing the financial and economic activities of the automobile cargo transportation enterprise and expands its pricing opportunities. The developed mechanism was tested at the “TK ISTOK-AvtoTrans” enterprise, and a set of optimal prices for various directions of freight transportation was proposed for the company. The thesis also identified areas for improving the developed mechanism.

No description available.

As jornadas de trabalho excessivas são uma dura realidade para os condutores de veículos de carga no Brasil. Exigidos por um sistema de trabalho desleal estes condutores enfrentam ainda as péssimas condições da malha viária e o gargalo provado pelo crescente número de veículos de passeio em circulação. Essa mistura de fatores tem provocado um índice alarmante de acidentes de trânsito, com um número de mortes comparáveis aos de um conflito armado. Neste trabalho é apresentada a proposta de um equipamento registrador instantâneo e inalterável de velocidade e tempo, que combina as funções de um registrador convencional com um eficiente mecanismo de comunicação sem fios, fazendo com que o próprio equipamento reporte às autoridades de transito os excessos de jornada de trabalho dos veículos de carga. A identificação inequívoca do condutor é realizada através de uma estrutura de certificação digital baseada em cartões inteligentes que garante também a privacidade das informações. / The excessive hours of service is a harsh reality for drivers of goods vehicles in Brazil. Required by a system of unfair labor these drivers still face the bad conditions of roads and bottleneck proved by the increasing number of passenger cars in circulation. This mix of factors has caused an alarming rate of traffic accidents, with a death toll comparable to an armed conflict. This thesis presents a proposal for an electronic equipment, which combines the functions of a conventional tacograph with an efficient wireless communication system, making a auto reporting system of the driving excesses to the authorities of the transit. The unequivocal identification of the driver is done through a digital certification structure based on smart cards that also ensures the privacy of information.

As jornadas de trabalho excessivas são uma dura realidade para os condutores de veículos de carga no Brasil. Exigidos por um sistema de trabalho desleal estes condutores enfrentam ainda as péssimas condições da malha viária e o gargalo provado pelo crescente número de veículos de passeio em circulação. Essa mistura de fatores tem provocado um índice alarmante de acidentes de trânsito, com um número de mortes comparáveis aos de um conflito armado. Neste trabalho é apresentada a proposta de um equipamento registrador instantâneo e inalterável de velocidade e tempo, que combina as funções de um registrador convencional com um eficiente mecanismo de comunicação sem fios, fazendo com que o próprio equipamento reporte às autoridades de transito os excessos de jornada de trabalho dos veículos de carga. A identificação inequívoca do condutor é realizada através de uma estrutura de certificação digital baseada em cartões inteligentes que garante também a privacidade das informações. / The excessive hours of service is a harsh reality for drivers of goods vehicles in Brazil. Required by a system of unfair labor these drivers still face the bad conditions of roads and bottleneck proved by the increasing number of passenger cars in circulation. This mix of factors has caused an alarming rate of traffic accidents, with a death toll comparable to an armed conflict. This thesis presents a proposal for an electronic equipment, which combines the functions of a conventional tacograph with an efficient wireless communication system, making a auto reporting system of the driving excesses to the authorities of the transit. The unequivocal identification of the driver is done through a digital certification structure based on smart cards that also ensures the privacy of information.

Resumé This thesis is focused on legal acts which are called carriage acts or transportation rules. Carriage acts are legal acts containing regulations of persons, luggage, objects and parcels transportation in all kind of types of domestic transportation. This text is divided into three parts which first is focused on historical development of carriage acts in our region, second part is focused on research of current forced carriage acts and third part is focused on comparison Czech and German carriage acts. First part of this text where historical development of carriage acts is examined, contains complete evolution and development of carriage acts from the very first one to the present day. The strongest emphasis is placed on railways carriage acts for their biggest importance of this kind of transportation in historical overview. In second part of this thesis current forced carriage acts are set in legal system and analyzed. In particular it is the Ordinance of Secretary of transportation no. 175/2000, Carriage act for public railway and road passenger transportation and Ordinance of government no. 1/2000, Carriage act for public railway cargo transportation. Last part of this thesis examine legal comparison of one of abovementioned carriage act (Ordinance of Secretary of transportation no. 175/2000,...

The master's thesis is the development of the methodology for the formation of the financial result of the transport and logistics company, based on the specifics of the company's activities. Objectives of this work, which have already done was explored the features of the formation of financial results of transport and logistics companies, considered the economic activities of the transport and logistics company, suggested measures to increase the competitiveness of the transport and logistics company, considered the impact of changes in the cost structure of the transport logistics company on financial results, developed a methodology for the formation and reflection of the results of the activities of a transport and logistics company in a specialized program. The provisions of the scientific novelty of this study the factors promoting increase of competitiveness in the market of transport-logistical services and expansion of client base, in particular, due to participation in tenders are determined the influence of creation of large transport and logistics complexes on the cost structure of companies in the sphere of small business was revealed, the methodology for accounting and forming an internal report on financial results in a specialized program of transport and logistics companies was developed, which makes it possible to increase the information content of reporting for the adoption of managerial decisions. / Главной целью магистерской диссертации является разработка методологии формирования финансового результата транспортно-логистической компании на основе специфики деятельности компании. В данной работе были изучены особенности формирования финансовых результатов транспортных и логистических компаний, рассмотрена экономическая деятельность транспортно-логистической компании, предложены меры по повышению конкурентоспособности транспортно-логистической компании, рассмотрено влияние изменений в структуре затрат транспортной логистической компании на финансовые результаты, разработана методология формирования и отражения результатов деятельности транспортно-логистической компании в специализированной программе. Положения научной новинки этого исследования являются факторами, способствующими повышению конкурентоспособности на рынке транспортно-логистических услуг и расширением клиентской базы, в частности, за счет участия в тендерах, определяются влияние создания крупных транспортных и логистических комплексов на структуру затрат компаний в сфере малого бизнеса, разработана методология учета и формирования внутреннего отчета о финансовых результатах в специализированной программе транспортно-логистических компаний, что позволяет увеличить информативность отчетности для принятия управленческих решений.