Using two techniques not previously applied to Cassiopeia A (Cas A), we measure the reddening toward its expansion center. An estimate of AV from the near-IR [Fe II] lines is hampered by uncertain atomic data, though the spatial variation in their flux ratio allows relative measurement of the extinction in regions without previous optical estimates. We use a second technique based on the broad-band IR shape of the synchrotron emission, and find Aᵥ = 6.2 ± 0.6 for a knot 13" from the expansion center. Assuming a plausible lower limit on the apparent magnitude of the SN in outburst, the ⁵⁶Ni yield was 0.058 < M(Ni) < 0.16M⊙. With the ⁴⁴Ti mass from published gamma-ray observations, this implies a ⁴⁴Ca/ ⁵⁶Fe ratio consistent with the solar abundance. Recently published Spitzer Space Telescope IRS observations detect dust and line emission from cold gas interior to Cas A’s reverse shock. Using simple physical arguments and new hydrodynamic, non-equilibrium photoionization calculations, we infer the physical conditions in this material. We find that the mid-IR bright clumps are photoionized by the SNR shocks, over-dense relative to the expected average in the interior of the remnant, and have abundances consistent with incomplete oxygen burning. The lack of detectable iron lines indicates that any Si-burning material still interior to the reverse shock must be far more tenuous than the clumps of O-burning ashes. Finally, we present calculations from a new multi-dimensional hydrodynamics and non-equilibrium ionization and cooling code designed to model the emission from SNR shocks. Two-dimensional simulations of a shock-cloud interaction in a pure-oxygen plasma, with flow parameters relevant to Cas A, show a wider range of temperatures and ionization states than is typical in single-zone or 1D calculations, indicating that fluid and cooling instabilities play a role in producing the observed spectra of radiative shocks in metal-rich gas.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the extent to which European electorates have opinions that are in agreement with the three cornerstones of right-wing populist ideology. In today’s research, it’s indicated that there’s a contradiction in current findings. Whereas voting for radical right-wing populists almost is perceived of as pathological deviancy, support for these parties is rising all over Europe. The thesis uses Cas Mudde’s theory to operationalize three key features of populist radical right ideology – nativism, populism and authoritarianism to explore the magnitude of this support. The study is based on a statistical analysis with mean value analysis of 20 European countries and regression analysis, which utilizes data from the European Social Survey from 2014. In the regression analysis, eleven control variables are added with the aim of investigating whether personal qualities affect the result or if it’s only differences between countries that contribute to the result of the thesis. The regression analysis show that a combination of the control variables together with the country variables have the biggest affect on the populist right ideology in Europe. The findings of the thesis show that support for all three key features of the right-wing populist ideology are wide-spread in Europe. However, some countries distinguish themselves more than others. Among the countries where support is most widespread are the Eastern European countries Hungary, Slovenia, Poland and Portugal. On the other hand, although levels of support are still high, opinions that are in agreement with right-wing populism are much less widespread in economically developed countries in North Western Europe, like Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Switzerland and Germany.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

L'amélioration constante de la qualité des logiciels et des processus de développement logiciel est depuis plusieurs décennies, au coeur des préoccupations et de nombreux travaux de recherche dans le domaine de l'ingénierie des systèmes d'information. Parmi les multiples solutions proposées, la réutilisation apparaît pour bien des chercheurs comme l'une des pistes les plus prometteuses pour la réduction du coût de production et l'amélioration de la qualité de systèmes [MILl 1999]. Plusieurs formes de réutilisation ont été introduites: la réutilisation des spécifications, la réutilisation des composants, la réutilisation des codes, la réutilisation des expériences, etc. [R.P. Diaz, 87], [Kruger 92], [NKambou et al. 2003, 2004]. Le but du projet CIAO-SI est de construire et de maintenir une mémoire d'expérience pour l'organisation pouvant supporter tout le cycle de développement. À ce jour, les travaux du projet CIAO-SI [NKambou et al. 2003, 2004] initié par le Groupe Infotel Inc et le laboratoire GDAC se sont limités aux phases d'analyse et de conceptions. Nous nous proposons dans notre travail de recherche d'étendre la réflexion à la phase d'implantation ('codage'). Ce volet vise à doter le système CIAO-SI d'un module permettant de rechercher et d'indexer les unités de programmes éprouvées, validées et stockées dans le but de leur réutilisation pour des nouveaux projets de développement logiciel. La plupart des outils recensés utilisent des approches d'indexation qui se limitent à l'aspect descriptif du problème (caractéristique du problème, le contexte d'élaboration pour filtrer les résultats, utilisation des concepts pour définir les ontologies) et non à l'intégration de la solution proposée; ce qui n'est pas approprié dans la réutilisation des codes. Nous avons proposé et implémenté une approche de réutilisation des unités de programmes basée sur le CBR et la classification à facettes. L'implantation de cette approche dans le contexte de CIAO-SI, une plateforme de réutilisation dans les phases en aval de la réalisation, nous a permis d'obtenir des résultats encourageants. Finalement nous avons effectué une évaluation expérimentale par la méthode de Salton et cela nous a permis d'évaluer la pertinence de nos résultats. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Réutilisation des codes, Développement logiciel, Indexation des codes, Ontologie, CIAO-SI, Raisonnement à base de cas.

Dissertation--Cambridge (Mass.), Harvard University, 2004. / Bibliogr. p. 244-260.

Författare: Hanna SvahnTitel: Högerradikal eller bara höger? - En studie om Sverigedemokraterna Kandidatuppsats: Statsvetenskap C, 15 hp Handledare: Niklas Bolin Problem: Högerradikala politiska partier kommer alltmer i Norden, så även i Sverige därSverigedemokraterna nu är Sveriges tredje största parti. I en öppen demokrati är det viktigt attundersöka och granska politiska aktörer och vad de står för. Det har varit många diskussioner omhuruvida Sverigedemokraterna kan anses vara högerradikala eller inte och det är i från denna debattsom uppsatsen har inspirerats av. Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att diskutera om det svenska politiska partiet Sverigedemokraterna kananses vara ett högerradikalt parti eller inte. Kortfattad beskrivning av uppsatsens utgångspunkter och undersökningens uppläggning: Teorin i uppsatsen besår av Cas Muddes teorier om högerradikala partier och en modell med sju drag somkännetecknar ett högerradikalt politiskt parti. Empirin kommer att bestå av SverigedemokraternasValmanifest för valet 2014, Sverigedemokraternas Pincipprogram från 2011 samt övriga dokumentsom finns tillgängliga på partiets hemsida. Resultat: Resultatet i studien tyder på att Sverigedemokraterna stämmer in på de kännetecken somanges för högerradikala politiska partier. Sammanfattningsvis pekar analysen och resultatet på attdet finns tydliga tendenser som visar på att Sverigedemokraterna är ett högerradikalt politiskt parti. / <p>2015-06-03</p>

The ability to precisely manipulate the genome in a targeted manner is fundamental to driving both basic science research and development of medical therapeutics. Until recently, this has been primarily achieved through coupling of a nuclease domain with customizable protein modules that recognize DNA in a sequence-specific manner such as zinc finger or transcription activator-like effector domains. Though these approaches have allowed unprecedented precision in manipulating the genome, in practice they have been limited by the reproducibility, predictability, and specificity of targeted cleavage, all of which are partially attributable to the nature of protein-mediated DNA sequence recognition. It has been recently shown that the microbial CRISPR-Cas system can be adapted for eukaryotic genome editing. Cas9, an RNA-guided DNA endonuclease, is directed by a 20-nt guide sequence via Watson-Crick base-pairing to its genomic target. Cas9 subsequently induces a double-stranded DNA break that results in targeted gene disruption through non-homologous end-joining repair or gene replacement via homologous recombination. Finally, the RNA guide and protein nuclease dual component system allows simultaneous delivery of multiple guide RNAs (sgRNA) to achieve multiplex genome editing with ease and efficiency. The potential effects of off-target genomic modification represent a significant caveat to genome editing approaches in both research and therapeutic applications. Prior work from our lab and others has shown that Cas9 can tolerate some degree of mismatch with the guide RNA to target DNA base pairing. To increase substrate specificity, we devised a technique that uses a Cas9 nickase mutant with appropriately paired guide RNAs to efficiently inducing double-stranded breaks via simultaneous nicks on both strands of target DNA. As single-stranded nicks are repaired with high fidelity, targeted genome modification only occurs when the two opposite-strand nicks are closely spaced. This double nickase approach allows for marked reduction of off-target genome modification while maintaining robust on-target cleavage efficiency, making a significant step towards addressing one of the primary concerns regarding the use of genome editing technologies. The ability to multiplex genome engineering by simply co-delivering multiple sgRNAs is a versatile property unique to the CRISPR-Cas system. While co-transfection of multiple guides is readily feasible in tissue culture, many in vivo and therapeutic applications would benefit from a compact, single vector system that would allow robust and reproducible multiplex editing. To achieve this, we first generated and functionally validated alternate sgRNA architectures to characterize the structure-function relationship of the Cas9 protein with the sgRNA in DNA recognition and cleavage. We then applied this knowledge towards the development and optimization of a tandem synthetic guide RNA (tsgRNA) scaffold that allows for a single promoter to drive expression of a single RNA transcript encoding two sgRNAs, which are subsequently processed into individual active sgRNAs.

This diploma thesis focuses on key questions of bookkeeping, presenting financial data and reporting of selected accounting transactions of tangible and intangible fixed assets in line with IFRS x CAS requirements and in context with requirements on information systems within selected international company. The whole thesis gives a fair picture of relevant processes, related procedures and principles used in the particular company as well as accounting and representation of the data in financial statements addressed to parent company. In addition to the fixed assets acquisition process, the thesis further concentrates on interpretation of accounting for and reporting of assets held for sale and disposal of fixed assets.

The purpose of this research is to explore through a critical lens the ways in which independence planning for crown wards is reflected in recording documents and the extent to which such documentation suggests the nature of continued involvement with the youth in such planning processes. Data were gathered by examining planning documents used by Child Welfare agencies in Ontario for crown wards. To accommodate the evolving emergence of themes and conceptual patterns revealed in the data, a grounded theory approach and constant comparative method was used as detailed by Charmaz (2006). Independence planning involved crown wards in developing visitation plans with members of the family of origin, and included goal setting pertaining to the development of social skills and acquisition of educational qualifications and instrumental skills. The planning documents lacked specific behavioural examples, contextual understanding, specific examples of the efforts undertaken by CAS workers and caregivers to support goals, and examples of discussions between workers and crown wards. Planning documents generally reflected little involvement of the crown ward. Planning and OnLAC documents require modification so as to allow for and encourage qualitative information and greater input from the crown ward. Such modifications ought to be understood by Child Welfare management in terms of making planning processes more useful and beneficial to crown wards and CAS workers. / Thesis / Master of Social Work (MSW)

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.