Published Article / This article is based on reviewing literature as well as experiences in the fields of Radiography and Biochemistry. Major changes have occurred in the Higher Education environment over the recent past. The concept of learner-centeredness emerged with the implementation of OBET. Adaptations to traditional teaching methods will be necessary to prevent lowering of standards in teaching and learning. Mass-lecture, multiple choice questions and using the marking machine has so far been the response from the academe, thus very little deep, meaningful learning is taking place. Good facilitation should narrow the gap caused by student diversity. Facilitating improved learning requires a great deal of professional development as a facilitator. The learning process should strive to attain learning through a deep approach addressing the specific needs of the learners. To assist you to effectively facilitate learning, the article addresses some factors associated with academic achievement. Practical examples are also provided to facilitate effective learning in the classroom. The philosophy driving a good facilitator is also expounded. It is concluded that an excellent facilitator will not only make effort, but will make waves in facilitating his / her subject.

The general goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of creating a constructivist learning environment in a university mathematics course as an alternative to the dominant transmissionist learning environments currently in place in most such courses. In order to accomplish this goal the researcher, a university professor, attempted to create this environment and document it in a case study.The study sought to ascertain which dimensions of a constructivist learning environment - autonomy, prior knowledge, negotiation, student-centeredness - university students preferred and how these preferences changed after being in such an environment. It also sought to find out how students' preferred environments matched the environment they perceived to be in place. In addition, the study sought to determine what changes the instructor had to make in his teaching practice to implement each of the dimensions.The results of the study suggest most students very strongly preferred the prior-knowledge and negotiation dimensions, strongly preferred the autonomy dimension, and weakly to moderately preferred the student-centeredness dimension. The data indicate that during the study student preferences for prior knowledge and negotiation increased slightly, preferences for student centeredness increased moderately, and preferences for autonomy increased significantly.In addition, the researcher found that the four dimensions were not implemented equally. While the first three dimensions were strongly implemented, the student-centeredness dimension was only moderately implemented. Interestingly, the learning environment the students perceived to be in place closely matched their preferences.

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Presentation Goals: Remember Why You Went into Medicine! Describe Patient-Centered Care Challenge you to become and remain Patient-Centered Review Patient-Centered EBM Implement (or Prevent) Attitude Shifts Give you hope!

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Changes in the field of education require teachers’ acquisition of specific knowledge of technology and the skills of its effective use in the classroom. With the expansion of the traditional classroom to include virtual learning environments, concern still exists regarding characteristics necessary for quality teaching and learning.<br> This research is an examination of pre-service teachers’ needs relevant to integrating technology in an online learning environment. It is a first step toward acknowledging the responsibility teacher preparation programs have in the formation of educators equipped to instruct in dual learning environments, thus providing pre-service teachers with opportunities and experiences to become fluent in the technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) required for online learning environments as well as the traditional face-to-face instruction. <br> The purpose of this study was to determine if active engagement with content of an online instruction module would affect the attitudes, knowledge and skills, and instructional centeredness of pre-service teachers’ towards technology integration in an online learning environment. A mixed-methods concurrent triangulation design procedure was utilized to measure characteristics of pre-service teachers in a teacher preparation program. A two-way within-subjects analysis of variance was conducted to evaluate the effect of engagement with the content of the online instruction module for all three domains. Participants began the intervention with limited knowledge and skills of technology integration and online learning environments; however, they made statistically significant gains upon completion of the intervention. The implementation of an intervention such as this online instruction module may support other teacher preparation programs in identifying strengths and weaknesses of their pre-service teachers and provide valuable information necessary to guide program goals. / School of Education; / Instructional Technology (EdDIT) / EdD; / Dissertation;

<p>Professionals and researchers have developed a number of strategies aimed at improving the quality and safety of medication use. However, studies continue to demonstrate persistent problems. For instance, the first paper in this thesis reveals the prevalence of potentially harmful drug combinations among elderly people in Europe. The following four papers focus on two professional groups and how they have approached safety and quality issues related to medication use: 1) the Swedish drug and therapeutics committees (DTCs) and 2) pharmacist involved in pharmaceutical care, an international movement. Qualitative research approaches were applied.</p><p>Papers II and III focus on the DTCs: analyses indicate a development of the perception of the DTC role over time. The focus of the activities was broadened – from targeting prescribing physicians to incorporating decision-makers and patients. However, a clear patient-centered perspective was generally lacking. Moreover, the findings indicate a shift in focus from cost aspects of medication use to an increased focus on quality and safety aspects. </p><p>In the studies addressing pharmaceutical care (Papers IV and V), the findings propose that different classification systems for drug-related problems had different characteristics which reflected differences in goals in the pharmaceutical care process. It was also found that the concept of pharmaceutical care was understood in different ways and that the perceptions were based on at least two different understandings of health and illness. First, a patient-centered perspective characterized by a <i>holistic</i> understanding of health and illness, and, second, an “EBM perspective” primarily based on a <i>biomedical</i> understanding of health and illness. </p><p>This thesis has disclosed new aspects of how two groups of professionals perceive their work towards improved quality and safety of medication use. A patient-centered perspective among healthcare collectives is not obvious; therefore, efforts and comprehensive strategies supporting change are necessary. Strategies should focus on challenging the traditional thought patterns and care approaches among professionals and students. </p>

Professionals and researchers have developed a number of strategies aimed at improving the quality and safety of medication use. However, studies continue to demonstrate persistent problems. For instance, the first paper in this thesis reveals the prevalence of potentially harmful drug combinations among elderly people in Europe. The following four papers focus on two professional groups and how they have approached safety and quality issues related to medication use: 1) the Swedish drug and therapeutics committees (DTCs) and 2) pharmacist involved in pharmaceutical care, an international movement. Qualitative research approaches were applied. Papers II and III focus on the DTCs: analyses indicate a development of the perception of the DTC role over time. The focus of the activities was broadened – from targeting prescribing physicians to incorporating decision-makers and patients. However, a clear patient-centered perspective was generally lacking. Moreover, the findings indicate a shift in focus from cost aspects of medication use to an increased focus on quality and safety aspects. In the studies addressing pharmaceutical care (Papers IV and V), the findings propose that different classification systems for drug-related problems had different characteristics which reflected differences in goals in the pharmaceutical care process. It was also found that the concept of pharmaceutical care was understood in different ways and that the perceptions were based on at least two different understandings of health and illness. First, a patient-centered perspective characterized by a holistic understanding of health and illness, and, second, an “EBM perspective” primarily based on a biomedical understanding of health and illness. This thesis has disclosed new aspects of how two groups of professionals perceive their work towards improved quality and safety of medication use. A patient-centered perspective among healthcare collectives is not obvious; therefore, efforts and comprehensive strategies supporting change are necessary. Strategies should focus on challenging the traditional thought patterns and care approaches among professionals and students.

Många människor lever idag med långvarig smärta som påverkar deras vardag och orsakar stort lidande. Relationen mellan arbetsterapeuten och patienten är alltid avgörande för om arbetsterapin blir lyckad eller inte. Antalet anmälningar till patientnämnden har ökat och hälso- och sjukvårdslagens krav på att patienter ska bli bemötta med respekt och öppenhet uppfylls inte. Syftet var att beskriva arbetsterapeuters upplevelse av bemötandet av personer med långvarig smärta. En kvalitativ metod användes och urvalet gjordes genom lämplighet och snöbollssampling. Tio stycken arbetsterapeuter med erfarenheter av arbete med den aktuella gruppen intervjuades utifrån en intervjuguide. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys genomfördes på samtliga intervjuer. Resultatet ledde fram till följande kategorier: bidragande faktorer till ett gott bemötande och svårigheter för ett gott bemötande. Slutsatser som kan dras är att ett gott bemötande av personer med långvarig smärta innefattar att arbetsterapeuten lyssnar och bekräftar patientens berättelse. Det krävs en ökad kunskap inom området för att öka förståelsen och förbättra bemötandet av gruppen. / Occupational therapists experiences of meeting people with chronic pain Today many people live with chronic pain that affects their everyday lives and cause great suffering. The relationship between the occupational therapist and patient is always crucial if therapy is successful or not. Lately, the number of reports to the Board has increased and the requirements of the health care law concerning addressing people with respect are not met. The aim of this study was to describe the occupational therapists experience of meeting people with chronic pain. A qualitative methodology was used and the selection was made regarding suitability and snowball sampling. Ten occupational therapists with experience of working with this group were interviewed. A qualitative content analysis was made on all interviews. Categories that emerged in the result were: contributing factors to a good meeting and difficulties for a good meeting. In order to create a good meeting it is of importance that the occupational therapist listens and confirms the patient´s story. However, further knowledge is necessary in order to increase the understanding of this group.