The skid resistance of asphalt pavement is a major characteristic that determines the driving safety on a road, especially under wet surface conditions. Skid resistance is primarily a function of the microtexture and macrotexture of a pavement surface. Microtexture is influenced by aggregate surface characteristics and is required to disrupt the continuity of surface water film and attain frictional resistance between the tire and the pavement surface. Macrotexture is affected mostly by mixture design or aggregate gradation and contributes to skid resistance by providing drainage paths of water that can be otherwise trapped between a tire and a pavement surface. The increase in macrotexture contributes to preventing hydroplaning and improving wet frictional resistance, particularly at high speeds. While much research has been conducted in the past to identify material factors that affect skid resistance, there is still a need to develop a model for predicting asphalt pavement skid resistance as a function of mixture characteristics and traffic level. The purpose of this study was to develop such a model based on extensive laboratory experiments and field measurements involving different mixture types and aggregate sources. The model incorporates functions that describe the resistance of aggregates to polishing and aggregate size distribution. The aggregate resistance to polishing was quantified by measuring aggregate texture using the Aggregate Imaging System (AIMS) before and after polishing in the Micro-Deval device. The analysis in this dissertation demonstrates how this model can be used to design mixtures and classify aggregates that provide desirable skid resistance levels.

Studies performed on stallions have characterized detrimental effects on semen quality resulting from thermal stress by testicular insulation, but few have investigated the effects of exercise-induced increases in core body temperature on stallion semen parameters. To our knowledge, this is the first study that correlates subcutaneous scrotal temperature and stallion spermatozoa quality using a subdermal scrotal thermal sensory device. Stallions were assigned to a non-exercised (non-ex; control; n=4) or exercised (ex; n=4) group. A motorized equine exerciser was used to work stallions 30 min/d for 4 d/wk during a 12-wk period from July through October. Temperatures (subcutaneous scrotal, subcutaneous neck, rectal, and ambient) were recorded before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 60 and 120 min post-exercise. Humidity data were obtained later to determine THI. No deleterious effects were observed from implantation of thermal sensory devices. An interaction of treatment and time (P < 0.0001) was evident for rectal and neck temperatures. The relationship between scrotal and rectal temperatures was highest (rs =0.761), and other correlations existed between scrotal, neck, and ambient temperatures, as well. Mean rectal temperature in the ex group increased 1.9°C (P < 0.0001), while there was a slight increase in scrotal temperature of 0.8°C (P > 0.05) from 0 min to 22 min. Although an increase in core body temperature was successfully induced by exercise protocol, scrotal temperatures were not significantly affected, and no treatment effects were found in any of the semen parameters measured (P > 0.05). Therefore, no significant changes in fresh or cooled semen parameters resulted from exercise or increases in core body temperature resulting from exercise protocol used in this study. Results of this study indicate that thermal sensory devices are a safe and effective way to measure subcutaneous scrotal and neck temperatures. Although an increase in core body temperature was successfully induced by exercise protocol, scrotal temperatures were not significantly affected, indicating efficient thermoregulation of the testes by the scrotum. Since the testes experienced no significant thermal insult during the exercise protocol, no significant changes in fresh or cooled semen parameters were evident as a result of exercise or elevated core temperature.

The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze the influence of internal/external locus of control¡Bself-tendency achievement motivation¡Bsocial-tendency achievement motivation three personal characteristics and the willingness¡Bskill and application of interpersonal networks toward to the entrepreneurship willingness, especially focused on the labor who works in the exhibition industry. Samples collected amount to 103 showing 54 companies, 46 coming from Taipei metropolis¡B4 coming from Taichung¡B2 from Gauxion, and the remaining 2 come from other regions . By empirical analysis, we found that some personal backgrounds such as gender¡Bmarriage and academic background have a great influence on entrepreneurship willingness; On the contrary, personal characteristics and interpersonal networks have low relationship with entrepreneurship willingness, except to internal locus of control having a negative influence on entrepreneurship willingness. Thus, we suggest those following researchers to keep on studying the factors that may affect entrepreneurship willingness. Besides, since the interpersonal networks phases were first created, they still need the hard-working research to make them better and perfect.

In general, the characteristics of stone are two: high regenerative thermal activity and low cost. In this study, isopropyl alcohol (IPA) was oxidized by metallic catalysts with stones as carriers. To discover the best removal efficiency of isopropyl alcohol, different catalysts with different ratios of metal (these metals were copper, manganese, and cobalt) and different loading (loading meant the ratio of the weight of metal to the weight of stone) were made. Moreover, others parameters such as different inlet concentration of IPA, inlet concentration of oxygen, space velocity, reaction temperature, and long-term test were also discussed. Finally, two kinetic models were introduced to prove the catalytic oxidation mechanism of IPA. The experimental results showed that the most effective catalyst is copper-cobalt catalyst, which ratio of metals is 6: 4 and loading is 10%. With this kind of catalyst, the optimal operational parameters could be easily found, and they were as follows: the inlet concentration of IPA was 1500 ppm, space velocity was 13500 hr-1, and reaction temperature was 350¢J. It was noticed that the conversion of IPA was all up to 95% in these conditions. In conclusion, the experimental results also indicated that conversion was increased with reaction temperature, inlet concentration of IPA and inlet concentration of oxygen increasing. On the contrary, the conversion was decreased as space velocity was increased. Besides, after long-term test of catalyst, the results showed that the performance of the catalyst acted still fairly well in oxidation. To realize the physical properties of catalysts, some analytic instruments such as SEM, EDS, EA, XRD were used. These analytic results could also tell us the difference between fresh and aged catalysts. Two kinetic models, Power rate law Model and Mars-Van Krevelen Model, were used to fit the kinetic mechanism of the decomposition of IPA. The fitting result was that Power rate law Model was rather suitable to describe the catalytic decomposition of IPA in the operational conditions in this work, and the reaction order was nearly first order.

The purposes of this study were the relationship among Organizational Culture, Job Characteristics, and Organization Citizenship Behavior in the Aviation Industry of Taiwan. The questionnaire survey was adopted for the study. The samples included 1,000 employees who worked in aviation industry of Taiwan. The data were analyzed by the following statistical methods¡GStatistically analyzed, T-test, One-way ANOVA., Pearson product-moment correlation, multiple regression and hierarchical regression statistical techniques. The main findings in this study were: a. Organizational Culture and Organizational citizenship behaviors had positively correlation. Particularly, Innovative Culture had the best correlation with Organizational citizen behaviors. b. Organizational Culture had direct effect on Organizational citizen behaviors. Particularly, the influence of Innovative Culture had the notable effect on Organizational citizen behaviors.The Innovative Culture had significant prediction on the Conscientiusness, Civil Virtue ,Altrusim, Courtesy. c. Job characteristic and Organizational citizenship behaviors had positively correlation. Particularly, The Feedback of Task had the best correlation with Organizational citizen behaviors. d. Job characteristic had direct effect on Organizational citizenship behaviors.The Feedback of Task had significant prediction on Courtesy. The result showed that if the organization emphasizes the Feedback of Task in the work design, then staff's Courteous aspect displays can be higher. e. Job Characteristics and Organizational citizenship behaviors had positively correlation. Particularly ,Supportive culture had the best correlation with Dealing With Other. f. Job Characteristics had direct effect on Organizational Culture.Particularly, Autonomy had significant prediction on Support culture.It showed that organization culture was Support culture , then the staff¡¦s Autunomy aspect dispalyed higher. g. The result of interacted effect between Job Characteristics and Organizational Culture on the effectiveness of Organizational citizenship behaviors had partirlly direct effect. ¡]a¡^ Supportive Culture:When the airline was in the Support culture, its work Automomy higher, its staff ¡¥s Sportsmanship could be higher. ¡]b¡^ Innovative Culture: If the airline was in the Innovative Culture, when it adopted the high Feedback of Task, then the staff had more Altrusim. ¡]c¡^ Bureaucratic Culture:When the airline was Bureaucratic Culture, the higher Feedback of Task was adopted , the more Courtesy of staff ¡¥s behavior. Based on the above conclusions, this study offers some suggestions as the references for managers in Aviation Industry and researchers.

¡@¡@Taiwan is surrounded by sea, there are coral reefs at both south and north ends, and also at off-shore islands. Coral reef offers habitat and resources for marine animals, that are attracted to in numbers, however due to the limited resources, competitions and conflicts are common among animals. In order to defend the territory on intimidate intruder, some fishes develop vocal mechanism that certain sounds are generated at encounter. The sounds of common Holocendridae fishes at coral reef were studied before, but the sound characteristics of sound were not fully investigated. In this research, sound samples were recorded from Neoniphon sammara, Myripristis murdjan, and Sargocentron spinosissimum(Holocentridae) in an indoor water tank, to understand more about their specific features of sounds generated at disturbance. The identification system of this study was based on Matlab, which extracted the characteristic parameters from the sounds, so the database for comparison can be formed. The sounds can be classified into single pulse and pulse train, and the parameters used are dominant frequency, band width, duration, and pulse repetition rate. As the result, Neoniphon sammara has single pulse frequency of 428.0¡Ó95.0 Hz (mean ¡Ó standard deviation), pulse train frequency of 449.8¡Ó92.4 Hz, Myripristis murdjan has single pulse and pulse train frequency of 375.2¡Ó96.3 Hz and 369.2¡Ó96.0 Hz, and Sargocentron spinosissimum has single pulse and pulse train frequency of 377.6¡Ó93.5 Hz and 387.8¡Ó97.1 Hz. The similarity of sounds between Neoniphon sammara and Myripristis murdjan is 81.3%, between Myripristis murdjan and Sargocentron spinosissimum is 83.6%, and between Neoniphon sammara and Sargocentron spinosissimum is 90.3%. Finally, the identification accuracy of Neoniphon sammara is 78.9%, Myripristis murdjan is 71.4%, and Sargocentron spinosissimum is 38.4%. The low identification accuracy of Sargocentron spinosissimum is due to the high similarity of sounds with Myripristis murdjan, and the number of sound samples is not sufficient.

A Study on Volunteers¡¦ Job Satisfaction from Job Characteristics and Role Playing of Museum Docent ¡GA Case study of Kaohsiung Museum of Fine Arts. The functions of museum become into four fields, the research, book reservation, exhibition and education, from initial preservation and display. Recently, the museum emphasizes the humanities spirit and leisure life so that it focuses the functions on entertainment, leisure and consumption besides artistic education. How to let people feel the museum is an inseparable part in the life when they close to museums. People feel the interpretation of exhibition and discover the possibilities of knowledge from the visiting process and participation experience. The museum is a place where provides people to study and entertain. Docent volunteers in the first line of education promotion integrate essence from each department to interact with people and provide them the new esthetic experience. However, it¡¦s not easy to train a professional docent volunteer who does not only has the specialized knowledge , but also has scientist's research spirit, archaeologist's careful valuation, historian's value critique, writer's esthetic language and educationist's experience transformation. Therefore, how to let the docent volunteers working constantly not to back out of the team that tests the managing interaction pattern of staffs in museums. The docent volunteer is a special role between the staff in the museum and audiences. If they do their best in the wok, they will obtain more identification with value from audiences. The researcher takes the case study of Kaohsiung Museum of Fine Arts to discuss the effect upon job satisfaction of volunteers from the job characteristics and role playing of museum. The job characteristics and role playing of docent volunteers that is influential for job satisfaction and that was discovered by depth interview, field study, work participation and analysis. The research provides the ideas about planning the recruitment and execution project for administrators working in the museums and emerging museums.

Traditionally, there are several kinds of method for restraining wear. Usually, it includes the choice of the best operating conditions, the surface coating, the surface heat treatment, and the choice of the best lubricants. Among these methods, only the choice of the best lubricants has the mendable process of chemical element for worn surface, others do not have the mendable process. Consequently, this project proposes a method of continuous tribo-plating, and takes preliminary experiments by using SUJ2 ball specimen and S45C disk specimen to investigate the effects of rotational speed, anode¡¦s density of current, and specimen¡¦s surface roughness on the coating growing rate and the coefficient of friction. Results show that the coating growing rate increases with increasing rotational speed and anode¡¦s density of current, but it doesn¡¦t be influenced by surface roughness. According to the experimental results, it is found that the frictional coefficient in order is uncoated specimen, coated specimen, and continuous coated specimen. Furthermore, at continuous tribo-plating test, specimen whose surface roughness is rough has lower frictional coefficient. According to the analyses of surface pattern and composition, specimen whose surface roughness is rough remains a lot of piece-like coating film on the surface, and this residual film provides a good effect of lubrication. The result of this project proves that continuous tribo-plating not only reduces frictional loss but also has the mendable process of worn surface.

Roller gear cam (RGC) mechanisms are widely used in modern industries. While operated at high speeds, the indexing precision of these devices will be influenced by their dynamic characteristics. In this study, the Bond Graph Method is employed to construct a mathematical model to simulate the dynamic responses of RGC mechanisms. Meanwhile, associated experiments will be made to verify the effectiveness of this model. The influences of torque compensation mechanisms and different cam motion curves affecting the dynamic response of a RGC mechanism are observed. And the results show that the torque compensation mechanism is effective to the dynamic performance, and high-speed stability of a RGC mechanism. Besides, the simulated results also indicate that the kinematic properties of cam motion curves have certain influences on the residual vibrations of the system.

Nowadays, team-based approach is a common organizational strategy in many organizations. The study of the effect of team characteristics on team performance becomes a popular issue for many researchers. In order to ensure high performance, it is believed that the organizational strategy has to coordinate well with the characteristics of the team members. Aiming to determine the significance of work values, this study uses team members¡¦ work values as a variable, and tries to establish a relationship among work values, team characteristics and team performance. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The work values of members with different educational background and tenure are not the same. 2. Work values correlates with team characteristics. 3. Team characteristics correlates with team performance. 4. Some work values correlate with team performance. 5. Team characteristics have an effect on team performance. 6. Work values have an effect on customer orientation and team confidence. 7. Process-oriented work values have an effect on team characteristics. 8. Goal-oriented work values have an effect on the improvement of team performance. 9. Process-oriented work values have an effect on work quality, work values and innovation factors.