Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1962. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1970. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 309-338).

The creation of the University of Chicago archaeological field schools in 1934 at the Kincaid site in southern Illinois resulted in the dissemination of a standard excavation method, often referred to as the "Chicago Method", across the United States, primarily in the East. Before the field schools, there was no standard practice for excavating Eastern archaeological sites and little was written about the excavation methods that were used. During and after the field schools, archaeologists began to use similar excavation methods and also began to keep better records of their fieldwork. This thesis determines exactly what the "Chicago Method" of excavation was and how it changed over the years of the field schools between 1934 and 1941. This thesis also examines the history and theoretical background of archaeology prior to the formation of the Chicago field schools, the creation and history of the Chicago field schools, the relationship between the field methods and the anthropological goals of the Chicago archaeologists, and the influence of the field schools on archaeologists throughout the eastern United States because of the subsequent spread of methodology by the Chicago field school alumni.

The value of the concept of 'school' in metascience is examined with reference to the 'Chicago School of Sociology' during the period from 1900 to 1952. The notion of school is widely used by sociologists in accounting for developments within their discipline. However, the use of schools as a framework for documenting and interpreting the history of sociology tends to obscure the complexity and variety of intellectual development. Five myths about the 'Chicago School' are identified: that its members were social ameliorists; that they were primarily ethnographers; that they exhibited little concern with theory; that they were heavily reliant on a framework provided by the social psychological perspective of George Herbert Mead; and that they were an insular group with little direct involvement in, or long term impact on, the development of sociology in the United States. It is argued that sociological work at the University of Chicago was an integral part of American sociology throughout the period under study and that the 'Chicago School' did not display a distinct set of theoretical and methodological ideas. What was common to the the members of the sociology department of the University of Chicago was in large part also typical of American sociology as a whole. In the light of this empirical study, the potential of the metascientific models proposed by Mullins (1973) and Tiryakian (1979a, 1979b) is examined in detail both in terms of their theoretical underpinnings and their approach to the case study material. 'Doubt is cast on the value of these models and the implications of this for a 'schools' or 'unit approach' to metascience are considered. It is suggested that a schools approach which concentrates on the knowledge transformative processes within a school rather than on identifying schools with a distinct set of ideas might be a more profitable way of developing a theory of the production of sociological knowledge and would be less likely to perpetrate myths.

abstract: This research paper recounts the work done in founding an opera company and putting on its inaugural show. It also provides some of the insights acquired during the process, which may be helpful for other future opera producers in creating a framework and guideposts for starting their own companies. The paper consists of two main sections followed by several short appendices. The first section methodically reconstructs the process by which Windy City Opera's La Bohème was brought to the stage. It covers the background experiences that prompted the author to found her own company, the research and decisions involved, and the interplay between the company's overall goals and the resources available for a first production. The business, casting, rehearsing, and marketing aspects are reviewed in detail, as well as several mistakes that were made during the process that afforded valuable learning opportunities. The second section follows up on these and other opportunities by sketching an ideal plan that opera startups might follow; the principal topics are timeline, budgeting, fundraising, venue selection, personnel selection, and marketing. The appendices consist of worksheets and materials meant to illustrate and supplement this written how-to guide, as well as a video of the Windy City Opera production of La Bohème. / Dissertation/Thesis / Appendix B - Budget Worksheet / Appendix C - Artist Contract Template / Appendix M - La Bohème - Video / Doctoral Dissertation Music 2016

0 / SPK / specialcollections@tulane.edu

Public housing has never been considered historic, much less preservable. Starting with legislation in 1934, the relatively young program is at a crossroads: should we continue to build or should we look to the private market for our housing answers? If we look towards the private market, reevaluating the necessity and use of currently standing public housing comes up for debate. By examining the history of public housing nationally, patterns emerge showing how funding structures and policy maneuvers controlled the innovation or lack thereof in housing. Focusing on demolition, an exploration into place memory is discussed, relating to the preservation of spaces in our minds and how the physical environment affects them. Finally, looking at different developments in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and Chicago, Illinois, the cases show different perspectives on public housing preservation, from the completely intact project to those that are creatively readapted to one with a single structure remaining. Public housing has a strong story to tell, and a strong place within our cultural memory, the task for preservationists to learn how to explain and celebrate. / 1 / Madeline L norton / archives@tulane.edu

0 / SPK / specialcollections@tulane.edu

This dissertation examines how the city of Chicago—its social and economic conditions, its liberal discourse, and its cultural symbolism—shaped the evolution of modern liberalism. Relying on historical and literary critical methods, this project draws on writings, speeches, articles, letters, and novels to analyze the social thought of Jane Addams, Ida B. Wells-Barnett, John Dewey, Ray Stannard Baker, Theodore Dreiser, and other reformers. In the 1890s, disputes between workers and employers led many liberal Chicagoans to conceive of social strain—and the notion of class—in terms of labor-capital relations. During the 1900s, however, the rising profile of interracial violence in Chicago and across the Midwest spurred some white liberal Chicagoans to acknowledge, as black reformers had long argued, that racial prejudice fueled economic conflicts. This ideological trend sparked a national conversation on racial equality and inspired new forms of interracial association, yet it also re-inscribed discriminatory attitudes towards African Americans and encouraged white liberals to view racism as an economic, not a cultural, problem. Ultimately, this conceptual shift was short-lived. By 1920, white reformers had subsumed the pursuit of racial equality within their crusade for economic justice, and Chicago had become an ambivalent symbol of democracy that evoked the advance of organized labor and the failure of racial liberalism. Chapter one describes how liberal Chicagoans developed a way of thinking that was investigative, pragmatic, class-oriented, and Chicago-centric and that downplayed the social significance of racial tensions. Chapter two explores how the Pullman Strike of 1894 caused white liberal Chicagoans to narrow their conception of class to its economic aspects. Chapters three and four analyze how race riots and interracial strike warfare in the Midwest prompted some white reformers to recognize how racial antagonism shaped industrial relations. As a result of these social currents, white and black liberals formed new organizations dedicated to protecting black civil rights even as presidential politics exposed the limits of racial liberalism. Chapter five discusses how race riots in St. Louis and Chicago led white liberals to reframe their thinking on class conflict by turning away from further analysis of its racial dimensions. / 2021-05-31

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