Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral: analisar os significados que crianças em situação de abrigamento que possuem vínculos familiares atribuem a esta situação e como objetivos específicos: conhecer o percurso trilhado por essas crianças até a situação de abrigamento; pesquisar como crianças em situação de abrigamento percebem o ambiente familiar estando excluídos temporariamente do mesmo e investigar o que significou o período de abrigamento na vida dessas crianças. A metodologia foi de natureza qualitativa. A coleta de dados se iniciou com as observações que nos subsidiaram no rapport com as crianças. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Teste do Desenho da Família, as Fábulas de Düss e os prontuários ou pastas de encaminhamento existentes na instituição. No sentido de complementar os dados colhidos nos prontuários, entrevistamos profissionais da equipe da instituição de abrigamento. Seis crianças de ambos os sexos e com idade entre sete a nove anos participaram da pesquisa. Dentre os motivos de abrigamento obtivemos: abandono do lar pela mãe, negligência e gestação materna. No Teste do Desenho da Família todas apresentaram os seguintes aspectos: dificuldade para desenhar a própria família, agressividade observada através da eliminação de personagens, instabilidade e fragilidade nos desenhos (decerto, devemos considerar as circunstâncias de desenvolvimento das mesmas); cinco apresentaram dificuldades em se inserir no desenho; três não representaram os pais; duas acrescentaram outros familiares, sinalizando necessidade de afeto ou muita convivência com os mesmos, acréscimo de simbolismos; uma não representou a mãe e outra acrescentou pessoa da instituição. Nas Fábulas de Düss as respostas que apresentaram maior freqüência foram: duas crianças representaram agressividade e hostilidade diante da cena primária, assim como Complexo de Édipo vivido de forma angustiante, congruentes às histórias de vida de cada uma delas. Dessa forma, nossos dados apontaram um significado de família ambivalente e sem coesão, salientando fragilidade em sua dinâmica. Quanto ao abrigamento, em sua maioria (cinco), as crianças o relataram como tendo um significado positivo em suas vidas, afirmaram gostar de lá, embora isso não às levasse a rejeitar suas famílias / The general objective of this research was: analyze the meanings given by children under shelter with family ties and as specific objectives: knowing the path taken by these children until they got under shelter through charts and interviews with the staff; research how the children under shelter realize the family environment being secluded temporarily from it and investigate the impact of sheltering in the lives of these children. The methodology was of a qualitative nature. The data collection began with information subsidized in rapport with the children. The instruments used were the Drawing the Family Test, Duss fables and charts or follow up folders existent in the institution. In order do complement the data obtained from the charts, we interviewed professionals from the staff of the sheltering institution. Six children, boys and girls between seven and nine years of age, participated in the research. Among the reasons for sheltering one can find: abandoning of the home by the mother, neglect and motherhood administration. In the Draw the Family Test, all presented the following aspects: difficulty in drawing their own family, aggression noticed by the elimination of characters, they reflected instability and fragility in the drawings (clearly, we must consider the circumstances of development of the children); five presented difficult of inserting themselves in the drawing; three did not represent the parents; two added other relatives, indicating the need of affection or too much dwelling with them, the adding of symbols; one did not represent the mother and another one added a member of the institution. In Dusss fables the most frequent answers, two children, the same that demonstrated aggression and hostility in face of the first scenery as well as the Complex of Edipo having the same storyline as their real lives. Therefore, the data pointed to a meaning of family ambivalence and no cohesion, highlighting the fragility in their dynamic. As to the sheltering, the majority (five) the children related that they had a positive meaning towards their lives, stated that they liked being in the institution, although this feeling didnt drive them to rejecting their families

This thesis deals with the problem of unwanted children in Czech Republic and looks for answers to solve it. Unwanted children are those children whose parents, for whatever reason, do not want to take care of them. Institutional solution is the solution decided by court. In the text there are presented options of these children and options of their parents. The paper therefore deals with a description of surrogate children care and its forms - surrogate family care and institutional care. Besides it brings also a description of forms system of legal anonymous abandonment of a newborn child. Characterizes children, reasons why parents abandon them and the parents themselves. Mentions causes of placing children into institutions and briefly describes also these institutions, including number of children placed in them. For better orientation it also outlines a gradual historical development of care of unwanted children.

Children have been shown to respond differently to the hurt that they suffer at the hands of others. Some of these responses involve internalised behaviours (i.e., repression of feelings, bodily symptoms, etc.); whilst others hurt manifest as externalised behaviours, such as physical attacks on others. These may include sexualised behaviours. The latter is particularly common amongst (but not restricted to) children who have been sexually abused (The American Psychological Association, 2001). For the purposes of this study a distinction is made between developmentally appropriate sexual behaviour and non normative sexualised behaviour which evoke complaints from and discomfort in those involved in the behaviour. The manifestation of these sexualised behaviours is especially pronounced amongst children in institutional care; and hence, it calls for constructive and effective management by the child care workers who are primarily responsible for their safe care and behaviour modification whilst in the institution. This qualitative study – with an exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design – served to explore how the child care workers’ effective management of such behaviours could be enhanced, so that the emotional wellbeing of both the “offender” and the “perpetrator” of this behaviour can be promoted. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit research participants from three different child and youth care centres in Port Elizabeth. A total number of 10 research participants were involved and data was collected up to the point of data saturation. Thematic content analysis was utilised for the analysis of the data and the necessary strategies were employed to enhance the trustworthiness of the data and to meet all the ethical requirements of the study. The main findings alert to the key requirements of Child and Youth Care Workers; it confirms the occurrence of sexualised behaviours; the urgent need for a consistent approach to the management of such behaviours; and for enhanced team work between the helping professionals in the team. The value of the study is embedded in the contributions it can make to practical interventions for children in institutional care, and to the sparse body of knowledge in this area.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_jaqueline_ramalho.pdf: 852551 bytes, checksum: ffe59e08d57ca8a1b7494bbd54bc03c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-28 / The general objective of this research was: analyze the meanings given by children under shelter with family ties and as specific objectives: knowing the path taken by these children until they got under shelter through charts and interviews with the staff; research how the children under shelter realize the family environment being secluded temporarily from it and investigate the impact of sheltering in the lives of these children. The methodology was of a qualitative nature. The data collection began with information subsidized in rapport with the children. The instruments used were the Drawing the Family Test, Duss fables and charts or follow up folders existent in the institution. In order do complement the data obtained from the charts, we interviewed professionals from the staff of the sheltering institution. Six children, boys and girls between seven and nine years of age, participated in the research. Among the reasons for sheltering one can find: abandoning of the home by the mother, neglect and motherhood administration. In the Draw the Family Test, all presented the following aspects: difficulty in drawing their own family, aggression noticed by the elimination of characters, they reflected instability and fragility in the drawings (clearly, we must consider the circumstances of development of the children); five presented difficult of inserting themselves in the drawing; three did not represent the parents; two added other relatives, indicating the need of affection or too much dwelling with them, the adding of symbols; one did not represent the mother and another one added a member of the institution. In Duss s fables the most frequent answers, two children, the same that demonstrated aggression and hostility in face of the first scenery as well as the Complex of Edipo having the same storyline as their real lives. Therefore, the data pointed to a meaning of family ambivalence and no cohesion, highlighting the fragility in their dynamic. As to the sheltering, the majority (five) the children related that they had a positive meaning towards their lives, stated that they liked being in the institution, although this feeling didn t drive them to rejecting their families / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral: analisar os significados que crianças em situação de abrigamento que possuem vínculos familiares atribuem a esta situação e como objetivos específicos: conhecer o percurso trilhado por essas crianças até a situação de abrigamento; pesquisar como crianças em situação de abrigamento percebem o ambiente familiar estando excluídos temporariamente do mesmo e investigar o que significou o período de abrigamento na vida dessas crianças. A metodologia foi de natureza qualitativa. A coleta de dados se iniciou com as observações que nos subsidiaram no rapport com as crianças. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Teste do Desenho da Família, as Fábulas de Düss e os prontuários ou pastas de encaminhamento existentes na instituição. No sentido de complementar os dados colhidos nos prontuários, entrevistamos profissionais da equipe da instituição de abrigamento. Seis crianças de ambos os sexos e com idade entre sete a nove anos participaram da pesquisa. Dentre os motivos de abrigamento obtivemos: abandono do lar pela mãe, negligência e gestação materna. No Teste do Desenho da Família todas apresentaram os seguintes aspectos: dificuldade para desenhar a própria família, agressividade observada através da eliminação de personagens, instabilidade e fragilidade nos desenhos (decerto, devemos considerar as circunstâncias de desenvolvimento das mesmas); cinco apresentaram dificuldades em se inserir no desenho; três não representaram os pais; duas acrescentaram outros familiares, sinalizando necessidade de afeto ou muita convivência com os mesmos, acréscimo de simbolismos; uma não representou a mãe e outra acrescentou pessoa da instituição. Nas Fábulas de Düss as respostas que apresentaram maior freqüência foram: duas crianças representaram agressividade e hostilidade diante da cena primária, assim como Complexo de Édipo vivido de forma angustiante, congruentes às histórias de vida de cada uma delas. Dessa forma, nossos dados apontaram um significado de família ambivalente e sem coesão, salientando fragilidade em sua dinâmica. Quanto ao abrigamento, em sua maioria (cinco), as crianças o relataram como tendo um significado positivo em suas vidas, afirmaram gostar de lá, embora isso não às levasse a rejeitar suas famílias

Given the general challenges associated with finding alternative care for an increasing number of orphans and vulnerable children (OVCs) in Zimbabwe, adoption appears to be an appropriate option. In practice adoption appears is one of the alternative forms of child care and ye it t has not received the necessary research attention. This study was aimed at developing an in-depth understanding of the challenges experienced by adoptive parents in the adoption of OVCs in Zimbabwe and the support system available for them in managing such challenges using the ecological systems theory. A qualitative research approach which was designed from exploratory, descriptive and contextual research designs to understand the challenges experienced by adoptive parents in the adoption of OVCs in Zimbabwe was adopted, with purposive and snowball sampling techniques used to identify and recruit a sample of eight parents who have undergone the process of adoption. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews guided by an interview guide and analysed according to Braun and Clarke’s six steps of qualitative data analysis. Trustworthiness of this study was evaluated according to its credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability as proposed by Guba and Lincoln while relevant ethical principles were upheld throughout the entire duration of the study. The findings revealed a variety of socio-demographic features of adoptive parents as well as several challenges and experiences which are presented in a form of 10 themes and 13 subthemes in this report. Conclusions are drawn based on the research process and the research findings from which the recommendations are proposed for research, practice and training and education. / Social Work / M. A. (Social Work)

The goal of the study was to conduct a survey on the extent and nature of poly-victimization of adolescents in Heideveld. This researcher used a quantitative approach, administering an altered form of the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire to achieve the goal. This questionnaire had 34 screener items exploring victimization events across a broad range of possible victimization types. Convenience sampling of grade 8-10 learners was used from a school in Heideveld. Ninety-one respondents completed the questionnaire, the age range spread from 13 – 18 years of age. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the results. Responses of respondents to victimization (directed either at themselves or a peer) were explored through open-ended questions. Content analysis was performed to describe the data collected. The results showed that the extent of poly-victimization of adolescents in Heideveld is high. The findings were explored and finally conclusions and recommendations were discussed. / Social Work / M. Diac. (Play Therapy)

This study was a situation analysis of the socio-economic conditions of orphans and vulnerable children in Dessie Town. Specifically the study assessed the educational attainment, economic status, social isolation, adjustment, discrimination and psycho-social status of OVCs, the characteristics of the care-givers of OVCs and the support systems for OVCs. Therefore, 270 OVCs, 130 guardians and 4 OVCs service-providing organisations were selected as respondents. A survey research design was used. The study found that OVCs and their households faced problems such as school dropout, low educational performance; economic and food insecurity, lack of adequate clothing; social isolation and emotional hardships due to separation of siblings; discrimination, and neglect. Children’s housing conditions, toilet facilities, and access to clean water and health facilities were poor. The majority of guardians were unemployed and unable to fulfil the needs of the OVCs in their care. It is recommended that support systems for OVCs be strengthened. / Sociology / M.A. (Sociology)

The goal of the study was to conduct a survey on the extent and nature of poly-victimization of adolescents in Heideveld. This researcher used a quantitative approach, administering an altered form of the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire to achieve the goal. This questionnaire had 34 screener items exploring victimization events across a broad range of possible victimization types. Convenience sampling of grade 8-10 learners was used from a school in Heideveld. Ninety-one respondents completed the questionnaire, the age range spread from 13 – 18 years of age. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the results. Responses of respondents to victimization (directed either at themselves or a peer) were explored through open-ended questions. Content analysis was performed to describe the data collected. The results showed that the extent of poly-victimization of adolescents in Heideveld is high. The findings were explored and finally conclusions and recommendations were discussed. / Social Work / M. Diac. (Play Therapy)

O acolhimento institucional para crianças como medida de proteção é uma das previsões fundamentadas no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA) como um direito a ser garantido à criança, quando for identificada uma situação que coloque sua vida em perigo/risco, ainda que essa situação possa advir do ambiente familiar. Após o acolhimento, a criança vivencia possibilidades de retorno à convivência com a família de origem, de acordo com a Lei Federal n 12.010/09. Diante desse panorama, esta pesquisa apresenta como objetivo geral identificar de que modo as crianças expressam o vínculo com a figura materna, levando em conta a mediação institucional. Como objetivos específicos, pretende-se compreender como o trabalho de mediação institucional contribui nas situações em que há possibilidade de reintegração da criança à família de origem e analisar a vivência da criança com seu cuidador ou profissional de referência à luz dos conceitos de transicionalidade e uso do objeto. Utilizaremos como referência teórica alguns conceitos de Winnicott, como espaço transicional, uso do objeto, ambiente facilitador, holding, assim como a teoria sobre a formação de vínculos de John Bowlby. Entrevistaremos esses profissionais ou cuidadores no intuito de compreender a contribuição da mediação institucional nas situações em que há possibilidade de retorno da criança ao ambiente familiar. A técnica projetiva do H-T-P (House-Tree-Person) foi escolhida por estimular na criança a projeção da experiência de conflitos vivenciados na relação com os outros no ambiente em que vive e, nesse sentido, pretendemos que ela expresse seus afetos, sobretudo em relação à figura materna. Pretende-se, ao fim deste estudo, poder contribuir com formas de intervenção clínica como proposta de mediação institucional para crianças acolhidas institucionalmente por medidas de proteção. / Institutional sheltering for children as a protection measure is one of the predictions based on the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA) and is a right to be guaranteed to the child, when a life-threatening situation is identified, even though this Situation is coming from their homes and families. After the reception, the child experiences possibilities to return living with the family of origin, in accordance with Federal Law no. 12.010 / 09. Given this panorama, this research intends to identify how children express the bond with the maternal figure even when had passed by the institutional mediation. As specific objectives, it is tried the understanding of how the work of institutional mediation contributes in situations in which there is possibility of reintegration of the child into the original family and to analyze the child's experience with his / her caregiver or reference professional in the light of the concepts of transitionality and use of the object. We will use as theoretical reference some concepts of Winnicott, such as transitional space, object use, facilitator environment, holding, as well as John Bowlby's theory of bonding. We will interview these professionals or caregivers in order to understand the contribution of institutional mediation in situations where there is a possibility of the children return to their family. The projective technique of the HTP (House-Tree-Person) was chosen because it stimulates in the children the projection of the experience of conflicts lived in their relationship with others in the environment in which it lives and, in this sense, we intend that it expresses their affections, especially in Relation to the maternal figure. At the end of this study, we will contribute with forms of clinical intervention - as a proposal for institutional mediation - for children institutionally supported by protective measures.

Orientador: Paulo Rennes Marçal Ribeiro / Banca: Eladio Sebastián Heredero / Banca: Ari Fernando Maia / Banca: Fátima Elizabeth Denari / Banca: Fábio Tadeu Reina / Resumo: O presente trabalho se propôs a compreender, analisar e interpretar os textos em forma de artigos, produzidos em seções destinadas às mães em revistas voltadas ao grande público entre os anos de 1940 a 1950. As revistas que mantêm seções nesse período discriminado são: Fon Fon, Vamos Ler e A Cigarra. A tese está dividida em dois blocos de diferentes seções. O primeiro bloco retrata a primeira parte da tese, onde se evidencia o aporte teórico sobre o objeto de pesquisa; o segundo bloco representa a segunda parte da tese, que retrata a exploração do objeto de pesquisa a partir das revistas Fon Fon, Vamos Ler e A Cigarra, compreendendo o período de 1940 a 1950. O conjunto dos artigos que compõe as seções dessas revistas, configuram a fonte documental, composta de 213 artigos em que descrevo e analiso as informações, descrições e representações da mulher mãe, caracterizada pelos especialistas, que escreviam a elas, nessas seções específicas destinadas às mães, para o exercício da maternidade. A pesquisa revela que os especialistas que mais frequentemente se dedicaram na editoração de textos e mensagens às mulheres mães foram os médicos. Estes exercem uma verdadeira educação da mulher, visando a função da maternidade; adentram na história familiar, interferindo e fundamentando normas para a rotina da criação do filho, criando uma atmosfera de culpa, diluição da autonomia parental, através da imposição do poder do conhecimento especializado, descredenciando as tradições familiares e locais; desacreditando os pais, os parentes e procurando tomar os espaços dos leigos e das orientações das pessoas mais velhas e próximas da família. Uma autêntica polícia das famílias se instala. Será preciso, então, que essa mulher, que faz parte da elite e representa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The present work proposed to understand and interpret the articles destined to mothers in magazines to the public between 1940 and 1950. The magazines that keep articles in this period itemized are three: Fon Fon, Vamos Ler e a Cigarra. The Work is divided in two blocks of different sessions. The first block pictures the first part of the work highlights the theoretical input about the research from the magazines Fon Fon, Vamos Ler e a Cigarra between 1940 and 1950. The ensemble of these magazines articles, are the documentary source, consist in 230 articles in which I write and analyze the information, descriptions, and representations of woman mother, characterized by experts, who wrote to them, in those magazines which had session aimed to mothers. The research shows that the experts who frequently dedicated writing the articles where doctors. They had a major influence in the exercise of being a mother for those women, going into familiar history, intervening and making rules of how bring up a child, creating an atmosphere of guilty, dilating the parents autonomy ,throw the knowledge expert's power, putting family tradition behide, disbelieving the parents and looking to take off elderly and near friends orientation . Installing a family police. Is there a need for this up class mother, who represents the magazine's aim public ,to learn how to be a mother and take care of your own child with expert doctors now because before were de nannies, slaves, milk mothers and so on. The doctor did not believe that it was a natural mother s feeling, the concept of a child insert in a family also didn't exist in the doctors view. This was the concept that was proposed by the articles published by those magazines Fon Fon, Vamos Ler e a Cigarra. In the end the expert writers dedicated to the up a class mothers governance, left... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Résumè: Ce travail se propose a comprendre, analyser et interpréter les textes en forme de articles, produits en sessions destinées à mères dans les magazines dirigés au grand public entre les années 1940 à 1950. Les magazines que contiennent des sessions dans cette periode discriminée sont trois: Fon Fon, Allons lire et La Cigale. La thèse c'est divisée en deux blocs avec des sessions differentes. Le premier bloc représente la première partie de la thèse dans la quelle on voit l'admission théorique sur le but de recherche. Le deuxième bloc, qui représente la deuxième partie de la thèse, presente l'exploration du but de recherche à partir des magazines Fon Fon, Allons lire et La Cigale, pendant la periode de 1940 à 1950. L'ensemble des articles qui compose les sessions de ces magazines configurent la source documentaire, composée de 213 articles où je décrits et j'analyse les informations , les descriptions et les représentations de la femme mère, caractérisée par les experts, qui leur écrivaient dans ces sessions spécifiques destinées à mères par l'exercice de la maternité. La recherche démontre que les experts que s'ont dédié plus fréquemment dans la publication de textes et de messages à les femmes mères ont été les médecins.Ceux-ci exercent une vraie éducation de la femme pour la fonction de la maternité; ils ont entré dans l'histoire familière , en intervenant et en engendrant des normes por la routine de la éducation du fils, en engendrant une athmosfère de faute, de dilution, de l'autonomie parentale,à travers de l'imposition de la puissance de la connaissance spécialisée, en disqualifiant les traditions familières et des endroits, en disqualifiant les parents, les parents et en cherchant prendre les espaces des laïques et des orientations des personnes plus vieilles et plus proximes de la famille. Une police... (Résumé complet accès életronique cidessous) / Doutor