Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, 2005. / Bibliography: leaves 460-487.

The purposes of this study are to elucidate the taxonomy and reproductive biology of Eptatretus chinensis. It includes three parts: (1) Description of external and internal taxonomic morphological characters. (2) Erection of hypothesis for the phylogenetic position of E. cheninsis using mtDNA 16S rRNA gene sequences. (3) Data on reproductive biology (male/female ratio, body length, monthly changes of eggs and spawn stage). Morphologically characters E. cheninsis and Paramyxine sheni are must similar to each other (number and distribution of slime pore in the brachial region and site of bifurcation of the ventral aorta). Sequences of the 16S rRNA indicate that E. cheninsis is more closely related to P. sheni, Quadratus nelsoni, Q. taiwanae, and Q. yangi than to its Eptatretus congeners including the sympatric E. burgeri, the eastern Pacific Ocean E. stoutii and the Oceania E. cirrhatus. Additionally, the sequence is most similar to that of P. sheni. 329 specimens were sampled during January to December, 2003. Relationship between body length and body weight is significant (P<0.001). There were more females than males in the samples. According to the occurrences of large eggs (i.e., diameter > 30mm) and egg sacs in the sampling period, it is suggested that E. chinensis spawned through out the year with a possible spawning peak in May to June. Small eggs (< 2 mm) were found in specimen as small as 232 mm. Diameters of eggs carried by a female was variable. The average numbers of large eggs was 28.5, and there was a negative relationship between egg number and egg diameter. Egg sacs (5-20mm), brown scars (1-4mm) and yellow spots (<1mm) were found on the mesenteric. Egg sacs were found in 307-461 mm females. The histological sections of the brown scar (20mm) and large egg sac (10mm), exhibited folding of membranous structures and the particles among the sac structures were similar. Therefore, it is suggested that the brown scar is a sympatric egg sac. The yellow spots and brown scars differed in their histological characters.

A majority of commercial rose varieties bloom repeatedly throughout the year, as compared to most rose species, other woody ornamentals, and fruit crops that bloom once a year. This recurrent flowering feature of the commercial roses resulted from a flowering mutation named everblooming (evb). The mutation is recessive to once blooming and is found in the rose species Rosa chinensis. Although several molecular maps have been developed for rose, little is known about the evb gene, except for its classic genetics. The purpose of this study was to develop a large-insert bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library as a starting tool for molecular cloning and analysis of the evb gene by map-based cloning. To construct the large-insert BAC library, nuclear megabase-size DNA was isolated from the recurrent blooming diploid species, Rosa chinensis cv. Old Blush. The DNA was then partially digested with BamHI and separated on agarose gels by multi-phase pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Size selected fragments estimated between 100 kb and 150 kb in size were cloned into the pECBAC1 BAC vector and the clones having rose DNA inserts were arrayed in 80 384-well microplates individually, with each clone being barcoded. The library contains 30,720 clones, has an average insert size of 108 kb and covers roughly 5.9x genome equivalents, with a >99% probability of isolating a single-copy clone from the library. The library is now available to be screened with the genes cloned from other species that control vernalization and floral development and will be used in mapbased cloning of the evb gene using a Rosa wichuraiana (‘Basye’s Thornless’) x ‘Old Blush’ backcross population.

Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniera Agrónoma / El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP) sobre la maduración de kiwi (Actinidia chinensis) ‘Jintao’. Los frutos una vez cosechados, provenientes de la localidad del Lontué, fueron trasladados al laboratorio de AgroFresh, donde se realizó el tratamiento de curado por 48 horas. Se evaluó color de pulpa (101,2±1,9 H º), firmeza de pulpa (9,1±2,5 Lbf) y solidos solubles (15,3±1,2 º Brix) de 130 frutos para determinar estado inicial. Se embalaron en cajas con 100 unidades. Se enfriaron para luego aplicar las diferentes concentraciones (500 ppm y 1000 ppm) de 1-MCP (SmartFresh, 0,14 % i.a) por 24 horas a 0 °C. Luego de almacenar por 60 días a 0 °C la fruta tratada y la no tratada (control) se aplicó etileno (34 mL) por 6 horas a 20 °C a la mitad de cajas de cada tratamiento, generando 6 tratamientos, T: almacenamiento refrigerado a 0 °C, T+E: Almacenamiento refrigerado a 0 ºC+aplicación de etileno, M1: Almacenamiento refrigerado con aplicación de 500 ppm 1-MCP, M1+E: almacenamiento refrigerado con aplicación de 500 ppm de 1-MCP+aplicación de etileno, M2: Almacenamiento refrigerado a 0 °C con aplicación de 1000 ppm de 1-MCP, M2+E: almacenamiento refrigerado con aplicación de 1000 ppm de 1-MCP+aplicación de etileno. Se hicieron evaluaciones a salida de frío a los 60, 90 y 120 días de: color de pulpa (H °), firmeza de pulpa (Lbf), contenido de sólidos solubles (%), tasa de producción de etileno (μL C2H4∙kg−1∙h−1), tasa de respiración (mL CO2∙kg−1∙h−1). Además luego de 90 y 120 días a 0 °C, se hizo un periodo de comercialización simulada (7 días a 20 °C) para una caja de cada tratamiento, donde se evaluó los mismos parámetros que a salida de frío agregando dureza de columela y acidez titulable. Ambas concentraciones de 1-MCP lograron evitar la caída de firmeza de pulpa, aumentando la vida postcosecha a 0 °C hasta los 120 días de almacenamiento. La aplicación de mayor concentración de 1-MCP, tuvo un efecto inicial mayor en el mantenimiento de la firmeza de pulpa que la aplicación de menor concentración, pero a lo largo del tiempo de almacenaje en frío y periodo de comercialización simulada, ambas perdieron su efectividad. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas sobre los parámetros de calidad evaluados entre las diferentes concentraciones de 1-MCP. La aplicación de etileno, no tuvo un efecto estadísticamente significativo en conjunto con las aplicaciones de 1-MCP, además no logró disminuir la dureza de columela.

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

Thesis (Ph. D. - Renewable Natural Resources)--University of Arizona, 1987. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-66).

Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-89). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:39:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2229897 bytes, checksum: 70eb16f12cce914df8ee78e6c6f6ea23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The aim of this study was to assess the influence of different times of the year and substrates on the rooting of air layers of lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) for the production of seedlings to ensure the formation of uniform and productive orchards. Air layers were done in plants of the Bengal cultivar using leafy and healthy woody branches, with about 1.0 to 1.5 cm in diameter, in which complete girdling were performed with 2.0 cm wide at a distance of 30 to 40 cm below the apex. Then the branches were wrapped in moistened substrate. Air layering was made at six times of the year (January, March, May, July, September and November) and two substrates were used (coconut fiber and sphagnum) in a 6 x 2 factorial design in a randomized block with ten replicates, each block represented by a matrix plant. After 90 days, layers were separated from the matrix plant and evaluated for rooting and callus formation; root number, considering only the primary roots; length, area, volume and diameter of the roots; dry mass of roots and calluses, in addition to the dry mass of shoots (leaves and stems). The months of January, March, September and November showed the best results for allanalyzed variables related to rooting. With respect to the substrates, the only difference was in the months of January and March regarding root number and dry mass of roots, where the sphagnum showed the best results. The month of July was more favorable to the formation of calluses. The period between September and March was more suitable to the propagation of lychee, when there were rooting percentages above 90%, in addition to the formation of large amounts of roots. / Neste estudo, objetivou-se verificar a influência da época do ano e de diferentes substratos no enraizamento de alporques de lichieira (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), visando à produção de mudas que assegurem a formação de pomares uniformes e produtivos. Foram feitos alporques em plantas da cultivar Bengal, utilizando ramos lenhosos bem enfolhados e sadios, com cerca de 1,0 a 1,5 cm de diâmetro, nos quais foram realizados anelamentos completos de 2,0 cm de largura, à distância de 30 a 40 cm abaixo do seu ápice. Em seguida, os ramos foram envoltos por substrato umedecido. Foram avaliadas seis épocas de realização dos alporques (janeiro, março, maio, julho, setembro e novembro) e dois substratos (esfagno e fibra de coco), em um esquema fatorial 6 x 2, no delineamento em blocos casualizados com dez repetições, sendo cada bloco representado por uma planta-matriz. Passados 90 dias, os alporques foram separados da planta-matriz e avaliados quanto à porcentagem de enraizamento e de calejamento; ao número de raízes, considerando apenas as raízes primárias; ao comprimento, à área, ao volume e ao diâmetro das raízes; à massa seca de raízes e calos, além da massa seca da parte aérea (folhas e caule). Os melhores resultados para todas as variáveis relacionadas ao enraizamento analisadas foram verificados nos meses de janeiro, março, setembro e novembro. Com relação aos substratos, houve diferença apenas nos meses de janeiro e março para número de raízes e massa seca de raízes, tendo o esfagno apresentado os melhores resultados. O mês de julho foi mais propício à formação de calos. O período compreendido entre os meses de setembro e março foi o mais propício à propagação da lichieira, quando foram obtidas porcentagens de enraizamento superiores a 90%, além da formação de grande quantidade de raízes.

In this study the growth and yield response of Solanum retroflexum Dun. (nightshade) and Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis (non-heading Chinese cabbage) to N, P and K availability in the soil and the interaction effects of these three nutrients were determined by means of pot experiments in a greenhouse. S. retroflexum was most sensitive to the availability of nitrogen in the soil. Sufficient nitrogen needed to be available to achieve optimum growth but adding too much adversely affected biomass production, suggesting a fairly narrow optimum range for nitrogen availability. The production of the crop was also dependent on the adequate availability of phosphorus and potassium but any adverse effects due to excess availability were less distinct than for nitrogen. In the case of B. rapa subsp. chinensis, an optimum availability range was identified for N and K and a critical level of availability for P. The decline in biomass production caused by adding N in excess of the optimum was reversed by applying both P and K at rates that were in excess of the respective optima.