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Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) is one of the most important cultivated fish species over the world. In the Czech Republic, the production of carps by pond aquaculture farming has a long tradition and a non-interchangeable appearance in the cultural landscape. The production is mainly executed in semi-intensive systems, were a combination of natural feed with additional feeding of cereals is applied. Mostly all available cereals are used for supplemental feeding. Due to that cereals represent one of the most important economic factors in the business. It is estimated that these cost can be around 30 35% of total costs within the carp farming. A possibility to reduce these costs is to increase the production efficiency of the cereals, using a suitable technological pre-treatment. The chosen technological treatment should be simple, cheap and easy available for the common practice in fishery. This thesis examined technological treatments of cereals. The main management and production data were examined in respective to the economy. Also the possible impact on the environment of different treatmented cereals in pond aquaculture, especially balance of total phosphorus was evaluated as well as the impact of on flesh quality and the textural properties of carp, respectively.

A series of four experiments has been made with the aim of monitoring the dynamic of change in the spectrum of fatty acids of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). In addition, the experiments also focused on the possibility of targeting changes in order to achieve a better dietary value of carp meat for human consumption. The changes in fatty acid spectrum of carp have been achieved by feeding of linseed and fish oil additions in a short interval, and by relaying fish with progressively decreasing temperature of water environment. From dietary point of view, the submission of feed containing 6 % linseed oil improved the FA spectrum of carp muscle when compared to the standard carp farming technology of cereal feed. The FA muscle fish spectrum, obtained due to the feed starting in early September 2008, endured without any considerable change through early January 2009. The application of fish oil is limited to qualitative composition. Through the addition of oils rich in EPA and DHA in the feed can effectively increase the content of the FA in muscle of carp.

During two successive lactations in 2009 and 2010 the aim of the study was to determine and evaluate chosen milk quality and quantity parameters in the flock of purebred East Friesian (EF) ewes. Experiment occurred during two lactation periods and 35 ewes were included in experiment in 2009 and 45 ewes in 2010. Milk records and samplings were carried out five times during milking period from May to September. Individual milk samples were analyzed for: total solids (TS), fat (F), protein (P), casein (CN), whey protein (WP), lactose (L). In addition the samples from 20 ewes were analyzed for: pH, titratable acidity (TA), rennet clotting time (RCT), rennet curd quality (RCQ), somatic cell count (SCC) and urea (U). In the study the effects of lactation stage, parity, litter size and month of lambing on chosen parameters were evaluated, as well as their interactions with LS. In 2009 the lactation stage had a significant effect on daily milk yield (DMY), milk composition, pH and titratable acidity. The parity had a significant effect on P, WP, L and RCT. However the litter size had a significant effect on DMY, L, TA and U. The month of lambing had a significant effect on DMY, TS, P, CN, L and TA. In 2010 the lactation stage had a significant effect on on DMY, milk composition, pH, TA, SCC and RCT. The parity had a significant effect on TS, F, L and U. Nevertheless the litter size had a significant effect on L and the month of lambing had a significant effect on L and SCC. In 2010 the part aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of lactation stage on fatty acids composition. The LS had a significant effect on contents of all chosen fatty acids and their sums.