Frankfurt (Main), Universiẗat, Diss., 2008. / Erscheinungsjahr an der Haupttitelstelle: 2007.

Σκοπός της παρούσης διπλωματικής είναι η σύγκριση της απόδοσης και του κόστους μιας τυπικής αυτόνομης φωτοβολταϊκής εγκατάστασης σε παραδοσιακή κατοικία χρησιμοποιώντας φωτοβολταϊκά πλαίσια μονοκρυσταλλικού πυριτίου ή δισεληνοϊνδιούχου χαλκού (CIS) τεχνολογίας thin – film . Για την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων πραγματοποιήθηκαν μετρήσεις σε φωτοβολταϊκά πλαίσια των παραπάνω τεχνολογιών κατά την διάρκεια ενός έτους. Οι μετρήσεις ξεκίνησαν τον Οκτώβριο του 2009 και τελείωσαν τον Σεπτέμβριο του 2010. Έλαβαν χώρα στο Τμήμα Ηλεκτρολόγων Μηχανικών και Τεχνολογίας Υπολογιστών του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών. Κατά μέσο όρο γίνονταν μετρήσεις δύο φορές κάθε μήνα και σκοπός ήταν να καλύψουμε τουλάχιστον μία περίπτωση συννεφιασμένης και μία ηλιόλουστης ημέρας του μήνα ώστε να έχουμε αρκετά δεδομένα προς επεξεργασία . Ο προσανατολισμός των πλαισίων ήταν προς το Νότο όπου, λόγω του ότι η Ελλάδα βρίσκεται στο Βόρειο ημισφαίριο, έχουμε περισσότερη ηλιακή ακτινοβολία. Διεξήχθησαν μετρήσεις σε διαφορετικές κλίσεις και για τα δύο φωτοβολταϊκά πλαίσια ώστε να υπολογιστεί και η βέλτιστη κλίση για κάθε εποχή . Στις μετρήσεις τα δεδομένα που λαμβάναμε ήταν η μέγιστη ισχύς, το ρεύμα βραχυκύκλωσης, η τάση ανοιχτοκυκλώσεως, η θερμοκρασία πλαισίου, καθώς και η ηλιακή ακτινοβολία. Με αυτά τα δεδομένα υπολογίσαμε τον βαθμό απόδοσης και τον συντελεστή ποιότητας για το κάθε φωτοβολταϊκό πλαίσιο. Τα συμπεράσματα στα οποία καταλήξαμε αναφέρουν την βέλτιστη κλίση για τοποθέτηση φωτοβολταϊκών πλαισίων για βέλτιστη ετήσια παραγωγή ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας. Έγιναν παρατηρήσεις σχετικά με την διαφορά των πειραματικών τιμών που πήραμε, με τις θεωρητικές που δίνουν οι κατασκευαστές για τα φωτοβολταϊκά πλαίσια. Συγκρίναμε το κόστος και την απόδοση μιας εγκατάστασης φωτοβολταϊκών πλαισίων σε παραδοσιακή κατοικία με τους δύο τύπους φωτοβολταϊκών λαμβάνοντας υπόψη και ειδικές παραμέτρους της εγκατάστασης που μπορεί να αποτελούν πρόβλημα (π.χ. επάρκεια χώρου, μέγεθος εγκατάστασης) και προτείναμε λύσεις για εξοικονόμηση ενέργειας σε μια τέτοια κατοικία. / The objective of this diploma thesis is to calculate and compare the efficiency and the cost of a typical photovoltaic installation on a traditional house using photovoltaic modules based on monocrystalline silicon or CIS thin film modules. In order to provide helpful information to PV system installers extensive outdoor testing of a c-Si and a CIS module under varying meteorological conditions have been realized throughout a whole year. The measurements started in October of 2009 and finished in September of 2010. The modules where installed on the roof of the building of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of Patras, Greece (latitude 38ο). We have realized an average of two measurements per month in order to cover at least one sunny and one cloudy day each month until the data was enough for processing. The orientation of the modules was south since Greece is a country of the northern hemisphere and we had more solar radiation there. We have realized measurements in different tilt angles for both modules in order to define the optimal tilt angle for each season. During the measurements the data we have received was the peak power, the short circuit current, the open circuit voltage, the module temperature and the solar radiation. Based on the gathered data we have calculated the fill factor and the efficiency for each module. The conclusions show the optimal tilt angle of the modules for optimal energy yield per year. Comparison have been made between the experimental and the theoretical values given by the manufacturers of the modules. We have also compared the cost and the efficiency of a typical photovoltaic installation on a traditional house using the two different types of modules and we suggested solutions for less energy consumption.

Bioinformatics is a valuable tool to understand gene regulatory networks. Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) previously found in promoter regions are known to recruit transcription in signaling pathways. In this work it has been hypothesized to consider CREs as a family of related words that interact/bind to a family of related transcription factors, and thus have similar but distinct regulation patterns. A 1460 microarray gene expression collection was obtained via online databases to create a transcriptomic meta-dataset. A novel bioinformatic algorithm was applied to annotate all 65536 (64k) potential 8-letter CREs in the 500 bp upstream promoter region of all A. thaliana genes across the transcriptomic meta-dataset. Of the possible words, only 2,498 were significantly associated with a pattern of regulation in any of the 1,460 microarrays tested whereas the remaining motifs appeared not to be regulatory. Unique CREs were categorized into 4 regulatory types: inducer, suppressor, biregulator and insulator. A predicted protein protein interactome was created for an economically important plant Coffea canephora. Here, it has been hypothesized that evolutionary conservation of many core biological processes enable generation of predicted protein interactome for species with few resources other than sequenced genome. Of over 12,000 genes identified, 939 were predicted to have 4,587 interactions. Gene Ontology analysis revealed enrichment of processes conserved in all eukaryotes but depletion in unique plant processes. A third study was conducted to determine if homology modeling, evolutionary analysis, and structural evolution could determine key factors involved in function, and interaction specificity in Pus10 (EC 5.4.99.25) found in Archaea and Eukaryotes. Redundancy of Pus10 and the bacterial TrmA and TruB orthologs appear to have resulted in significant molecular evolution of Pus10 function. Neofunctionalization was identified in animal kingdom where thiouridine synthase, methylases and PSUSs (THUMP)-domain modification in early animal evolution coincides with appearance of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) apoptosis components. Subfunctionalization was identified for Thermococcales lineage of Archaea where a shorter forefinger-loop coincides with the loss of Ψ54 specificity as experimentally verified in P. furiosus. Absence of Pus10 was observed in Sulfolobus and higher fungi whereas in plant kingdom Pus10 function remains unknown with possible pseudogene in some lineages

SILVA, F. D. A. Caracterização bioquímica e molecular de uma 2-cis-peroxirredoxina de feijão-de-corda [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpers]. 2011. 104 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Bioquímica) - Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2011. / Submitted by Francisco Lacerda (lacerda@ufc.br) on 2015-03-12T11:33:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_fdasilva.pdf: 2610057 bytes, checksum: 7d820816e20ddbbc55e76ef2b7175733 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by José Jairo Viana de Sousa(jairo@ufc.br) on 2016-01-29T20:48:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_fdasilva.pdf: 2610057 bytes, checksum: 7d820816e20ddbbc55e76ef2b7175733 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-29T20:48:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_fdasilva.pdf: 2610057 bytes, checksum: 7d820816e20ddbbc55e76ef2b7175733 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / O feijão-de-corda [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpers] é uma das culturas de grande importância para a região Nordeste, pois representa um dos constituintes básicos da dieta de sua população. Embora a produção venha aumentando anualmente no país, a cultura enfrenta diversos tipos de estresses de natureza biótica e abiótica. Durante condições de estresses, espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS) são produzidas acima da condição fisiológica, como consequência de alterações do metabolismo. O acúmulo de ROS, em vários tecidos, é nocivo para ácidos nucléicos, proteínas e lipídeos. Sendo assim, a busca de mecanismos que atuem na remoção e controle da produção dessas espécies reativas é de fundamental importância. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos purificar e caracterizar, nos seus aspectos bioquímicos, fisiológicos e moleculares, uma enzima antioxidante de folhas de feijão-de-corda, denominada de 2-cis-peroxirredoxina, que atua reduzindo o peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2) e hidroperóxidos de alquil, produzindo água ou álcool, respectivamente. A 2-cis-peroxirredoxina purificada de folha de V. unguiculata, nomeada de Vu-2-cis-prx, foi obtida por fracionamento com sulfato de amônio (30-60%), cromatografia de afinidade em matriz de quitina e cromatografia de troca iônica em Resource Q. A Vu-2-cis-prx foi capaz de reduzir hidroperóxidos usando o poder redutor do NADPH e do DTT com auxílio do sistema tioredoxina. Apresentou massa molecular de, aproximadamente, 44 kDa/46 kDa, determinada por SDS-PAGE e cromatografia de exclusão molecular em coluna Superose 12, respectivamente. Já em condições redutoras, apresentou massa molecular de 22 kDa, indicativo de se tratar de uma proteína homodimérica, formada pelo estabelecimento de pontes dissulfeto intermoleculares. A Vu-2-cis-Prx apresentou pI de cerca de 4,7 e a análise por eletroforese bidimensional, com e sem DTT, revelou que a Vu-2-cis-Prx foi focalizada em vários spots protéicos, indicando diferentes estados de oxidação. Sua sequência N-terminal revelou haver similaridade de 96% com a peroxirredoxina de Phaseolus vulgaris e de Populus tricocarpa, e de 94% com aquelas de Vigna radiata, Pisum sativum, Ricinus cummunis e Nicitiana tabacum, além de um resíduo de cisteína altamente conservado na posição 52 (Cys52). Análises por ESI-Q-TOF MS/MS demonstrou massa molecular e pI de 28,622 kDa/5,18, respectivamente. O espectro de dicroísmo circular e desconvolução em pH 7,0 revelaram que a estrutura secundária é composta de 7,6% de ?-hélice, 39% de folha-?, 22,1% de volta-?, e 31% de padrão não ordenado. A Vu-2-cis-Prx se comportou estável ao calor e apresentou temperatura de desnaturação (Tm) de 74 °C. Apresentou, ainda, ótimo de atividade em pH 7.0 e mudanças estruturais e funcionais em pH 3 e 9. Vu-2-cis-Prx não foi capaz de apresentar atividade antifúngica contra Colletrotrichum gloeosporioides, contudo foi capaz de prevenir a degradação de DNA plamidial por ROS (H2O2). Os transcritos de Vu-2-cis-Prx foram altamente expressos em raízes, caules e folhas e a sequência de seu gene demonstrou 100% de homologia com os ESTs FG931548.1 e FG883990.1 de feijão-de-corda, depositados no NCBI. A sequência putativa de aminoácidos revelou 2 resíduos de cisteína conservados e diversos domínios típicos de membros da subfamília de 2-cis-peroxirredoxinas. Modelagem molecular da Vu-2-cis-Prx revelou que o resíduo de cisteína que participa do sítio-redox, denominada de cisteína peroxidásica, está em um bolso no qual o solvente tem acesso, sendo formado por um motivo “loop-hélice”. A Cys52 foi localizada na primeira volta da hélice rodeada pelos aminoácidos Pro45, Thr49 e Arg128, que são conservados em todas as 2-cis-peroxirredoxinas. Além disso, a Vu-2-cis-Prx se mostrou capaz de formar oligômeros com diferentes estados de oxidação. Em suma, foi descrito aqui, pela primeira vez, a purificação e caracterização de uma 2-cis-peroxirredoxina de feijão-de-corda que, semelhantemente a outros membros desta família, deve desempenhar papel crucial na protecção dos cloroplastos de plantas contra o estresse foto-oxidativo prevenindo, assim, danos ao aparato fotossíntético.

Submitted by Luiza Maria Pereira de Oliveira (luiza.oliveira@ufpe.br) on 2017-08-04T14:28:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Lucivaldo Guimarães Lima.pdf: 4013444 bytes, checksum: 71bd2b525c9b36267fdd415223be9753 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-04T14:28:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Lucivaldo Guimarães Lima.pdf: 4013444 bytes, checksum: 71bd2b525c9b36267fdd415223be9753 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-12 / O processo de monitoramento dos programas governamentais no Brasil, especialmente os programas considerados prioritários pelo Governo Federal, tem recebido destaque que torna essa atividade um indicador de uma boa gestão, pois este processo oferece condições de acompanhar e melhorar o programa e consequentemente os benefícios entregues por estes à população, mas para tanto, a dependência de utilização de tecnologia e sistemas de informação é cada vez maior. Analisando esta situação, o presente estudo propôs um processo para monitorar os programas prioritários do Governo Federal apoiado por soluções tecnológicas através de um centro de informação. Em um primeiro momento foi realizada uma abordagem explicativa referenciando a gestão de programas e projetos, monitoramento na gestão pública e tecnologia da informação no serviço público. Posteriormente foram analisadas experiências em monitoramento em alguns países e estados brasileiros, seguido da tarefa de identificar as atribuições e a participação da Casa Civil da Presidência da República no monitoramento dos programas prioritários do Governo Federal.Essas atividades apoiaram a construção da proposta deste trabalho de pesquisa. Em outro momento, foi realizada uma prova de conceito do processo de monitoramento proposto, realizando o acompanhamento financeiro de uma obra do programa “2075 – Transporte Rodoviário” do PPA 2012-2015. Através de pesquisas qualitativas foram realizados levantamento de dados com analistas e gestores de negócio do Serpro para indicar soluções na atuação do CIS (Centro de Informação do Serpro) em apoio ao monitoramento dos programas prioritários do Governo Federal, e avaliar a proposta deste trabalho de pesquisa. / Process monitoring in governmental progr ams in Brazil, mainly the ones onsidered priority by the Federal Government, has gained great prominence and that turns this activity into an indicator of a good management. This process provides ways to monitor and improve the program and, consequently, the benefits they offer to the population but for such, the dependence on the use of technology and information systems has grown each day. Analyzing this situation, the present study suggests a process to monitor the priority groups of the Federal Government supported by technological solutions through an information center. At first, an explanatory approach was made regards programs and projects management, public management monitoring and information technology in the public service. Subsequently, this study analyzed monitoring experiences in some countries and brazilian states so as to identify the attributions and the participation of the Executive Office of the President of the Republic in the monitoring of the prioritary programs of the Federal Government. These activities sustained the elaboration of the purpose of this research work. In another moment, a proof of concept of the process monitoring proposed was carried out by making a financial monitoring of the program “2075 - Road Transport” of PPA 2012-2015. Through qualitative researches data were collected from analysts and business managers at Serpro in order to show solutions in the performance of ICS (Information Center of Serpro) in support of the monitoring of the prioritary programs of the Federal Government and to evaluate the proposal of this research work.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:04:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo4415_1.pdf: 476089 bytes, checksum: bfff2f22f85990f6fb497864f0376cec (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Atualmente o método de maior interesse adotado para o controle de Boophilus microplus, carrapato de um só hospedeiro que acarreta prejuízos globais de milhões de dólares anuais, baseia-se na utilização de fungos entomopatogênicos, sendo Metarhizium anisopliae e Beauveria bassiana os mais utilizados. Este trabalho avaliou a compatibilidade química dos carrapaticidas Cipermetrina High Cis técnica 100 (CHC) e Amitraz sobre M. anisopliae var. acridum. No ensaio químico as concentrações utilizadas foram: 0,20μg; 0,50μg; 1,00μg; 2,00μg; 5,00μg e 10,00μg. Para cada tratamento foram utilizadas cinco repetições e um controle. Os parâmetros analisados foram, a germinação de conídios, o crescimento linear, a esporulação e a condição nuclear. Foi determinada, também a toxicidade. Os menores percentuais de germinação, 49,50%, 58,07% e 51,06% foram observados nos tratamentos com Amitraz nas concentrações 0,20μg; 5,00μg e 10,00μg, respectivamente. O diâmetro da colônia foi afetado no terceiro dia de cultivo (66,67%) na concentração de 0,50μg de CHC. O carrapaticida Amitraz no sexto dia de cultivo na concentração de 10,00μg promoveu um menor percentual de esporulação (33,35%). M. anisopliae var. acridum não apresentou alterações citológicas quando crescido em meio com carrapaticidas. A toxicidade obtida de 46,98% no sexto dia de cultivo, segundo a metodologia utilizada determinou que o produto Amitraz na concentração de 10,00μg é moderadamente tóxico para este fungo. Os resultados obtidos contribuirão para um emprego futuro do controle integrado do B. microplus utilizando-se carrapaticidas químicos e fungos entomopatogênicos

The link between polyadenylation (pA) and various biological, behavioral, and pathological events of eukaryotes underlines the need to develop in vivo polyadenylation assay methods for characterization of the cis-acting elements, trans-acting factors and environmental stimuli that affect polyadenylation efficiency and/or relative usage of two alternative polyadenylation (APA) sites. The current protein-based CAT or luciferase reporter systems can measure the polyadenylation efficiency of a single pA site or candidate cis element but not the choice of two APA sites. To address this issue, we developed a set of four new bicistronic reporter vectors that harbor either two luciferase or fluorescence protein open reading frames connected with one Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES). Transfection of single or dual insertion constructs of these vectors into mammalian cells demonstrated that they could be utilized not only to quantify the strength of a single candidate pA site or cis element, but also to accurately measure the relative usage of two APA sites at both the mRNA (qRT-PCR) and protein levels. This represents the first reporter system that can study polyadenylation efficiency of a single pA site or element and regulation of two APA sites at both the mRNA and protein levels.

Abstract The first part of this work consisted of a study of the coordination chemistry of aromatic (P,S) and (P,O) heterodonor phosphanes with Cr(CO) 6 , Mo(CO) 6 and W(CO) 6 . The (P,S) donor ligands having one or two o -thiomethoxyphenyl groups, preferred bidentate coordination mode, while the (P,O) donor ligands, having one, two or three o -methoxyphenyls, formed monodentate phosphorus bound complexes. Steric and electronic parameters affecting the coordination chemistry of the phosphanes are discussed for the monodentate complexes. In the second part, triphenylphosphane and 2- and 4-pyridyldiphenylphosphane substituted tungsten tetracarbonyl derivatives was prepared, and attractive intramolecular interactions between the phosphane ligands were studied for both the neutral and the protonated complexes. Hydrogen bonding, π -stacking and cation-π bonding interactions were established, and observed to influence the cis/trans isomerism of the complexes. Cis/trans isomerism could be tuned by protonation, and deprotonation of the pyridyldiphenylphosphane derivatives. All the complexes were characterised by 1 H, 13 C-{ 1 H} and 31 P-{ 1 H} NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, IR spectroscopy, and either elemental analysis or mass spectroscopy.

Les éléments cis-régulateurs contrôlent l'expression spatio-temporelle des gènes au cours du développement. La segmentation du rhombencéphale en rhombomères (r) établit l'organisation du cerveau postérieur des vertébrés. La spécification et la formation des segments r3 et r5 sont gouvernées par l'expression du facteur de transcription Krox20/Egr2, sous le contrôle de plusieurs éléments cis-régulateurs. Les éléments B (dans r5) et C (dans r3 et r5) sont actifs au démarrage de l'expression de Krox20 alors que l'élément A (dans r3 et r5) est un élément autorégulateur. En générant la délétion de l'élément A dans le génome murin, nous avons montré qu'il est nécessaire au maintien de l'expression de Krox20 dans r3 et r5. De façon inattendue, la délétion de l'élément C n'impacte pas la phase de démarrage mais abolit le maintien de l'expression de Krox20 dans r3 de manière analogue à celle de l'élément A. J'ai mis en évidence par différentes approches génétiques que l'élément C coopère en cis avec l'élément A, lors de la phase d'autorégulation. Plusieurs approches de conformation et d'accessibilité de la chromatine au locus Krox20 indiquent que l'élément A interagit de façon constitutive avec le promoteur et que l'élément C est capable d'affecter l'accessibilité de l'élément A à distance. Parallèlement, j'ai montré que la délétion de l'élément C chez le poisson-zèbre n'entraîne pas de modification de l'expression du gène Krox20 contrairement à la souris malgré un patron d'expression similaire. Ces approches complémentaires ont permis de caractériser le rôle fonctionnel de plusieurs éléments cis-régulateurs contrôlant l'expression d'un gène clef du développement des Vertébrés. / Cis-regulatory elements ensure the specifity and the maintenance of the spatio-temporal gene expression pattern throughout the development of an organism. Segmentation of the hindbrain into rhombomeres (r) establishes the posterior brain organisation in vertebrates. The specification and formation of r3 and r5 are governed by the expression of the transcription factor Krox20/Egr2, controlled by three cis-regulatory elements. Elements B (in r5) and C (in r3 and r5) are active during the initiation of Krox20 expression while element A (in r3 and r5) is an autoregulatory element. By studying the deletion of element A in the mouse genome, we have shown that Krox20 expression is not maintained in absence of this element. Unexpectedly, the deletion of element C does not impair Krox20 initiation but abolishes the maintenance of expression in r3, similarly to element A knock-out. I also showed by different genetic approaches that element C cooperates in cis with element A. Moreover, investigation of chromatin conformation and accessibility in the Krox20 locus indicate that element A and the promoter are engaged in a constitutive interaction and that element C is able to affect the accessibility of element A at a distance. In parallel, the deletion of element C in zebrafish did not reveal any modification in Krox20 expression, despite a similar expression pattern in mouse. These complementary approaches lead to the characterization of the functional role of several cis-regulatory elements driving the expression of a key developmental gene in vertebrates.

No description available.