Summary: TÁLAŠOVÁ, Petra. Hyperactive children in kindergarten. Prague: Charles University pedagogical faculty, 2016. 90 p. thesis. The thesis deals with the hyperactive children in kindergarten. The theoretical part of the work focuses on basic information about ADHD syndrome, on the evolution of the terminology, the manifestations focused on the preschool age, the prevalence and diagnosis, causes of the syndrome, children support options with the syndrome of ADHD in the nursery school educators, educational process and, not least, to information about pre school age itself. The aim of the study was to compare the kindergartens in the region of Melnicko with a focus on the readiness of teachers to identify manifestations of hyperactivity and hyperactive on the attitude forward the education of children. The research included 10 kindergartens from Melnik and surroundings. In this thesis was used the method of the halfstructured interview, and subsequently his analysis. The conversation was focused on the occurrence of the hyperactive children in kindergarten, to measure knowledge of educators on this issue and in particular, as they are in individual kindergartens able to work with hyperactive children.

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[pt] Esta dissertação investiga uma nova metodologia, baseada em técnicas inteligentes, para a redução das perdas comerciais relativas ao fornecimento de energia elétrica. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um modelo de inteligência computacional capaz de identificar irregularidades na medição de demanda e consumo de energia elétrica, considerando as características sazonais não lineares das curvas de carga das unidades consumidoras, características essas que são difíceis de se representar em modelos matemáticos. A metodologia é baseada em três etapas: categorização, para agrupar unidades consumidoras em classes similares; classificação para descobrir relacionamentos que expliquem o perfil da irregularidade no fornecimento de energia elétrica e que permitam prever a classe de um padrão desconhecido; e extração de conhecimento sob a forma de regras fuzzy interpretáveis. O modelo resultante foi denominado Sistema de Classificação de Unidades Consumidoras de Energia Elétrica. O trabalho consistiu em três partes: um estudo sobre os principais métodos de categorização e classificação de padrões; definição e implementação do Sistema de Classificação de Unidades Consumidoras de Energia Elétrica; e o estudo de casos. No estudo sobre os métodos de categorização foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico da área, resultando em um resumo das principais técnicas utilizadas para esta tarefa, as quais podem ser divididas em algoritmos de categorização hierárquicos e não hierárquicos. No estudo sobre os métodos de classificação foram feitos levantamentos bibliográficos dos sistemas Neuro-Fuzzy que resultaram em um resumo sobre as arquiteturas, algoritmos de aprendizado e extração de regras fuzzy de cada modelo analisado. Os modelos Neuro-Fuzzy foram escolhidos devido a sua capacidade de geração de regras lingüísticas. O Sistema de Classificação de Unidades Consumidoras de Energia Elétrica foi definido e implementado da seguinte forma: módulo de categorização, baseado no algoritmo Fuzzy C-Means (FCM); e módulo de classificação baseado nos Sistemas Neuro-Fuzzy NEFCLASS e NFHB-Invertido. No primeiro módulo, foram utilizadas algumas medidas de desempenho como o FPI (Fuzziness Performance Index), que estima o grau de nebulosidade (fuziness) gerado por um número específico de clusters, e a MPE (Modified Partition Entropy), que estima o grau de desordem gerado por um número específico de clusters. Para validação do número ótimo de clusters, aplicou-se o critério de dominância segundo o método de Pareto. No módulo de classificação de unidades consumidoras levou-se em consideração a peculiaridade de cada sistema neuro-fuzzy, além da análise de desempenho comparativa (benchmarking) entre os modelos. Além do objetivo de classificação de padrões, os Sistemas Neuro-Fuzzy são capazes de extrair conhecimento em forma de regras fuzzy interpretáveis expressas como: SE x é A e y é B então padrão pertence à classe Z. Realizou-se um amplo estudo de casos, abrangendo unidades consumidoras de atividades comerciais e industriais supridas em baixa e média tensão. Os resultados encontrados na etapa de categorização foram satisfatórios, uma vez que as unidades consumidoras foram agrupadas de forma natural pelas suas características de demanda máxima e consumo de energia elétrica. Conforme o objetivo proposto, esta categorização gerou um número reduzido de agrupamentos (clusters) no espaço de busca, permitindo que o treinamento dos sistemas Neuro-Fuzzy fosse direcionado para o menor número possível de grupos, mas com elevada representatividade sobre os dados. Os resultados encontrados com os modelos NFHB-Invertido e NEFCLASS mostraram-se, na maioria dos casos, superiores aos melhores resultados encontrados pelos modelos matemáticos comumente utilizados. O desempenho dos modelos NFHB-Invertido e NEFCLASS, em relação ao te / [en] This dissertation investigates a new methodology based on intelligent techniques for commercial losses reduction in electrical energy supply. The objective of this work is to present a model of computational intelligence able to identify irregularities in consumption and demand electrical measurements, regarding the non-linearity of the consumers seasonal load curve which is hard to represent by mathematical models. The methodology is based on three stages: clustering, to group consumers of electric energy into similar classes; patterns classification, to discover relationships that explain the irregularities profile and that determine the class for an unknown pattern; and knowledge extraction in form of interpretable fuzzy rules. The resulting model was entitled Electric Energy Consumers Classification System. The work consisted of three parts: a bibliographic research about main methods for clustering and patterns classification; definition and implementation of the Electric Energy Consumers Classification System; and case studies. The bibliographic research of clustering methods resulted in a survey of the main techniques used for this task, which can be divided into hierarchical and non-hierarchical clustering algorithms. The bibliographic research of classification methods provided a survey of the architectures, learning algorithms and rules extraction of the neuro-fuzzy systems. Neuro-fuzzy models were chosen due to their capacity of generating linguistics rules. The Electric Energy Consumers Classification System was defined and implemented in the following way: a clustering module, based on the Fuzzy CMeans (FCM) algorithm; and classification module, based on NEFCLASS and Inverted-NFHB neuro-fuzzy sytems. In the first module, some performance metrics have been used such as the FPI (Fuzziness Performance Index), which estimates the fuzzy level generated by a specific number of clusters; and the MPE (Modified Partition Entropy) that estimates disorder level generated by a specific number of clusters. The dominance criterion of Pareto method was used to validate optimal number of clusters. In the classification module, the peculiarities of each neuro-fuzzy system as well as performance comparison of each model were taken into account. Besides the patterns classification objective, the neuro-Fuzzy systems were able to extract knowledge in form of interpretable fuzzy rules. These rules are expressed by: IF x is A and y is B then the pattern belongs to Z class. The cases studies have considered industrial and commercial consumers of electric energy in low and medium tension. The results obtained in the clustering step were satisfactory, since consumers have been clustered in a natural way by their electrical consumption and demand characteristics. As the proposed objective, the system has generated an optimal low number of clusters in the search space, thus directing the learning step of the neuro-fuzzy systems to a low number of groups with high representation over data. The results obtained with Inverted-NFHB and NEFCLASS models, in the majority of cases, showed to be superior to the best results found by the mathematical methods commonly used. The performance of the Inverted-NFHB and NEFCLASS models concerning to processing time was also very good. The models converged to an optimal classification solution in a processing time inferior to a minute. The main objective of this work, that is the non- technical power losses reduction, was achieved by the assertiveness increases in the identification of the cases with measuring irregularities. This fact made possible some reduction in wasting with workers and effectively improved the billing.

Submitted by MARCIO FERREIRA DA SILVA (soimers@gmail.com) on 2018-07-02T22:34:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcio Ferreira da Silva - Tese final.pdf: 1754194 bytes, checksum: d87783869130d5044e469ff205820b5a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Telma Jaqueline Dias Silveira null (telmasbl@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-07-03T14:32:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_mf_dr_mar.pdf: 1623537 bytes, checksum: a476d057bd7551344f1444dc94e801c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-03T14:32:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_mf_dr_mar.pdf: 1623537 bytes, checksum: a476d057bd7551344f1444dc94e801c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / As narrativas e, precisamente, as representações sobre os grupos sociais distanciaram-se da realidade da cultura local. O discurso e as escolhas que representavam a memória e suas histórias tiveram como ponto de partida uma visão distante de conteúdos que refletiam, sobretudo, os aspectos identitários desses grupos. Denominamos esse tipo de interpretação de representação “sobre”. A presente pesquisa problematizou o modo como estão representados o negro e os assuntos correlatos à comunidade negra nos sistemas de organização do conhecimento ensinados nos cursos de Biblioteconomia no Brasil. Nessa acepção, enquanto ponto de partida, ergueu-se a proposta de hipótese de que representar o conhecimento de comunidades ou grupos tradicionais em favor do acesso ao conhecimento, deve pautar-se por uma leitura plural da realidade, o que nem sempre foi o caso para a situação do negro no Brasil. Nesse sentido, buscou em seu objetivo geral compreender a estrutura de representação das temáticas associadas aos negros nos sistemas de organização do conhecimento utilizados no Brasil. Especificamente, a Classificação Decimal de Dewey com ênfase à análise da religião Umbanda. Os sistemas ensinados nas escolas de Biblioteconomia no Brasil não se sustentam suficientemente para cobrir os aspectos culturais e, singularmente, as religiões de matriz africana na Classificação Decimal de Dewey. Nas representações sociais, a Umbanda é vista como “religião de feitiço”, catimbó”. A repetição desses termos tem imputado aos indivíduos atributos incompatíveis com suas práticas. Essas representações adquirem valor simbólico nessas expressões e estrategicamente forjadas. As comunidades discursivas dos povos tradicionais demonstram quão complexo e distante tem sido as representações sobre as religiões dos afrodescendentes, o quanto são afetados socialmente por subrepresentações e omissões que afetam suas identidades. Os temas presentes nas categorias da CDD, além de não representar adequadamente os temas relativos às religiões afrodescendentes, tem desempenho satisfatório para ocultar esses grupos e toda sua diversidade. Consideramos, que os sistemas são inadequados quando se voltam para questões específicas de uma realidade complexa como a brasileira. A postura exigida, ao longo das discussões, exige aproximações mais incisivas com as representações sociais referentes aos povos afrodescendentes no Brasil. / Narratives and more specifically representations of social groups have distanced themselves from the reality of the local culture. Discourse and choices that represent memory and its stories had as a starting point a distant view of contents that reflect, above all, about the identity aspects of these groups. We call this type of interpretation "about". The present paper investigated the way in which black people and the topics related to the black community are represented in the knowledge organization systems that are taught in the academic programs in Librarianship in Brazil. In this sense, our hypothesis is that representing the knowledge of traditional communities or groups in favor of access to knowledge should be guided by a plural reading of reality, which was not always the case for the situation of the black people in Brazil. In this sense, we sought to understand the structure of representation of the topics related to black people in the knowledge organization systems used in Brazil. More epecifically, we analyzed the Dewey Decimal Classification in relation to the Umbanda religion. The systems that are taught in the Brazilian programs in Librarianship do not cover the cultural aspects religions related to Africa, such as in the Dewey Decimal Classification. In the social representations, Umbanda is seen as a "religion of spell", catimbó ". The repetition of these terms has assigned individuals attributes that are incompatible with their practices. These representations acquire a symbolic value in these expressions and are strategically forged. The discursive communities of the traditional peoples show how complex and distant the representations of Afro-descendant religions have been. How socially they are affected by sub-representations and omissions that affect their identities. The topics that are present in the categories of the DDC, besides failing to adequately represent the topic related to Afro-descendant religions, hide these groups and their diversity. We consider that systems are inadequate when they turn to specific questions of a complex reality such as the Brazilian one. The stance that is required, throughout the discussions, demands more incisive approximations with the social representations that refer to Afro-descendant peoples in Brazil.

This thesis focuses on the issue of nursing care for adolescent boys who have undergone phimosis surgery. The nursing care is then evaluated according to the NANDA, NIC and NOC classification systems. The theoretical part deals with topics such as adolescence, phimosisa disease of the external genitalia of a man, preoperative and postoperative care for boys with phimosis, and the classification taxonomy of the NANDA, NIC and NOC classification systems, which represent the comprehensive standardized, but still evolving, nursing language. Available Czech and foreign literary sources were used for the compilation of the theoretical part of the stated subject. The empirical part of the thesis was processed using qualitative and quantitative research methods: content analyzes, modelling, thought experiment, structured and semi-structured interviews, and qualitative data analysis. Four objectives were defined. The way adolescent boys perceive and experience the bio-psycho-social aspects of the problems that the pre-op and post-op period brings, has been assessed using the NANDA, NIC and NOC classification systems. There were 46.66% of respondents with higher education, 53.34% of respondents with secondary education, and eight adolescent boys who had received phimosis surgery, all of whom contributed to the assessment. It was found that adolescent boys initially addressed their physician regarding the phimosis problem, because they had a sense of trust and anonymity, but also to some degree because of necessity. It is surprising that young men with this type of personal problem rather speak to their mothers. When it comes to peer relationships, the boys confide the problem to their peers, but they do not ask them for help in this area. The boys named the internet as the main source of information. The following assessments were made using the Fehring methods for determining the weighted scores. Out of 13 nursing diagnoses within the NNN classification systems there were 112 major and minor characteristics (41.18%) selected by the university educated respondents, 80 major and minor characteristics (29,41%) selected by by the secondary school educated respondents, and nine major and minor characteristics (3.31%) were selected by the adolescent boys. Out of the 15 nursing interventions published in the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), 203 major and minor characteristics (55.31%) were chosen by the university educated respondents and 235 major and minor characteristics (64.03%) were chosen by the secondary school educated respondents. Out of the 11 expected nursing outcomes published in the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), 39 major and minor characteristics (15.42%) were selected by the university educated respondents, while 34 major and minor characteristics (13.44%) were selected by the secondary school educated respondents. By implementing the NANDA, NIC and NOC classification systems in nursing care one can expect to find solutions that help the professionals in nursing care to apply the nursing process effectively, and that allow nursing care to focus more on the individual needs of patients and to be improved in all areas.

The aim of the thesis is to analyze the current state of the international hotel industry and possibility of using international experience for the development of the hotel industry in Russia. The thesis is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter the hotel industry is examined from a theoretical point of view. The second chapter examines the trends of the international hotel industry, including the role of international hotel chains in the world. The third chapter is focused on the analysis of the influence of international hotel chains on the development and improvement of the hotel industry in Russia.

Im Katalog des Südwestverbunds besitzen zahlreiche Publikationen sowohl SWD-Schlagwörter und -ketten als auch Notationen der Regensburger Verbundklassifikation (RVK). An der Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim wurden auf dieser Datenbasis automatische Korrelationen zwischen SWD und RVK generiert, die im Rahmen einer Bachelorarbeit an der Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart analysiert wurden. Im Vortrag werden die Ergebnisse der Analyse vorgestellt und Überlegungen zu möglichen praktischen Anwendungen solcher Korrelationen angestellt.

Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir de um Projeto de P&D do setor elétrico brasileiro. Há duas abordagens, uma relacionada ao desenvolvimento teórico-metodológico sobre o conhecimento acerca das erosões marginais e outra relativa à transformação deste desenvolvimento teórico-metodológico em discussões sobre a melhoria da gestão desta problemática pelo setor elétrico e pela sociedade brasileira. Quanto ao desenvolvimento teórico-metodológico acerca das erosões marginais, realizou-se uma série de procedimentos cujos resultados principais foram (i) a discussão de um novo modelo conceitual sobre a velocidade de desenvolvimento das erosões ao longo da vida dos reservatórios, (ii) a revisão bibliográfica acerca das condicionantes envolvidas na gênese e no desenvolvimento dos processos erosivos e (iii) a geração de um conjunto de dados e informações sobre as erosões monitorados que possibilitaram novas discussões sobre as condicionantes citadas no item anterior. As análises sobre a gênese das erosões foi conduzida a partir da comparação entre as margens dos reservatórios com instabilidade morfodinâmica e aquelas que apresentam estabilidade morfodinâmica; enquanto a análise sobre o desnvolvimento das erosões foi realizada a partir da comparação de dados e informações acerca de processos erosivos já instaurados, monitorados ao londo de determinado período de tempo. Por fim, a relação entre este desenvolvimento teórico-metodológico e a gestão desta problemática pelo setor elétrico brasileiro foi abordada por meio da (i) proposição de um método de classificação da tipologia das erosões marginais; (ii) proposição de um sistema de classificação dos níveis de criticidade das erosões; e (iii) das análises e discussões sobre questões relacionadas às erosões marginais, visando propor medidas e ações para mitigação deste impacto desde a implantação até a operação dos empreendimentos hidrelétricos. / This research was developed along with aP&D project of the brazilian eletric sector. It approaches two perspectives This research approach two perspectives, one related to the theoretical and methodological development of the knowledge of bank erosions and another one on development in discussion about improving the management of this problem by the electric sector and Brazilian society. In relation to the theoretical and methodological development of marginal erosions, I conducted a series of procedures whose main results were (i) a discussion of a new conceptual model on the speed of development of erosions over the life of the reservoirs, (ii) literature review about the constraints involved in the genesis and development of erosion processes and (iii) the generation of a set of data and information about the monitored erosions which enabled further discussion on the constraints mentioned in the previous item. The analysis of the genesis of the erosions was conducted based on the comparison between the margins of reservoirs with morphodynamic instability and those which have morphodynamic stability; while for the analysis of the development of erosions was done by comparing data and information about erosion processes already in place, tracked by a certain period of time. Finally, the relationship between this theoretical and methodological development and the management of this problem by the Brazilian electric sector is given by (i) proposing a method of classification of the type of marginal erosions; (ii) proposing a classification system for levels of criticality of erosions; and (iii) analyzing and discussing issues related to marginal erosions, aiming to propose measures and actions to mitigate this impact since implementation to operation of hydroelectric projects.

The development of essential medicines is being slowed by a lack of efficiency in drug development as ninety per cent of drugs fail at some stage during clinical evaluation. This attrition in drug development is seen not because of a reduction in pharmaceutical research expenditure nor is it caused by a declining understanding of biology, if anything, these are both increasing. Instead, drugs are failing because we are unable to effectively predict how they will work before they are given to patients. This is due to limitations of the current methods used to evaluate a drug's toxicity and efficacy prior to its development. Quite simply, these methods do not account for the full complexity of biology in humans. Systems pharmacology models are a likely candidate for increasing the efficiency of drug discovery as they seek to comprehensively model the fundamental biology of disease mechanisms in a quantit- ative manner. They are computational models, designed and hailed as a strategy for making well-informed and cost effective decisions on drug viability and target druggability and therefore attempt to reduce this time-consuming and costly attrition. Using text mining and text classification I present a growing landscape of systems pharmacology models in literature growing from humble roots because of step-wise increases in our understanding of biology. Furthermore, I develop a case for the capability of systems pharmacology models in making predictions by constructing a model of interleukin-6 signalling for rheumatoid arthritis. This model shows that druggable target selection is not necessarily an intuitive task as it results in an emergent but unanswered hypothesis for safety concerns in a monoclonal antibody. Finally, I show that predictive classification models can also be used to explore gene expression data in a novel work flow by attempting to predict patient response classes to an influenza vaccine.

Globally, health care professionals, administrators, educators, researchers, and informatics experts have found that minimum dataset and taxonomies can solve the problem of data standardization required in building an information system to advance disciplines body of knowledge. Disciplines continuously gather complex data, but data collected without an organizational context does not increase the knowledge-base. Therefore, a demand exists for developing minimum dataset, controlled vocabularies, taxonomies, and classification systems. To fulfill nursings needs for standardized comparable data, two minimum dataset are used in nursing for organizing, classifying, processing, and managing information for decision-making and advancing clinical nursing knowledge. No minimum dataset in nursing education currently exists. With common definitions and taxonomy of nomenclature related to nursing education, research findings on similar topics can aggregate data across studies and settings to observe overall patterns. Understanding patterns will allow educators, researchers, and administrators to interpret and compare findings, facilitate evidence-based changes, and draw significant conclusions about nursing education programs, schools, and educational experiences. This study proposes a generic methodology for building a Nursing Education Minimum Dataset (NEMDS) by exploring experiences of developing various minimum dataset. This study adapted the systems model as the conceptual framework for building the taxonomy and classification system of nursing education essential data elements to guide the analysis of structure, process, and outcome in nursing education. The study suggested using focus groups, an online Delphi survey, and the statistical techniques of Multidimensional Scaling, and kappa. The study presented these steps: identifying educational concepts and data elements; defining data elements as nursing education terminologies; building the taxonomy; conducting an empirical and theoretical validation; disseminating and aggregating the data in national dataset. The proposed methodology to build an NEMDS meets the criteria of having a nursing education dataset that is mutually exclusive, exhaustive, and consistent with the concepts that help nursing educators and researchers to describe, explain, and predict outcomes in the discipline of nursing education. It can help the transformation of simple information into a meaningful knowledge that can be used and compared by the school, state or country to advance nursing education research and practice nationally or internationally.