<p> The purpose of this research paper is to examine the factors that are involved in providing a sense of community to the members of co-operative housing. Also, this investigation attempts to determine which factors influence the successful development of a sense of community within cooperative homes. The research hypothesis for this paper is to show that co-operative housing projects do provide its residents with a sense of community. The study was conducted by using data collected from two co-operative housing units in Hamilton: Apple Garth and Corktown Co-operative Homes. Information on residents' attitudes was collected by using a questionnaire through personal interviews. In order to test the hypothesis two statistical methods were utilized: chi-square and frequency tables. The results showed that co-op as a place to live' and neighbour' factors are most significant when investigating the attitudes' of residents in terms of a sense of community. Therefore, the conclusion is that the residents of Apple Garth and Corktown Co-operative Homes do experience a sense of community. The results have practical significance because researchers are encouraged to conduct studies of small groups (ie. the household) within cooperative housing. This is critical since little is known about the motivations, expectations, likes and dislikes of the members of non-profit housing.</p> / Thesis / Candidate in Philosophy

The diploma thesis is focused on the problems in the sector of rental and co-operative housing since the nineties of the twentieth century in the Czech Republic. Firstly the thesis deals with the description of the basic concepts such as housing, supply and demand for housing, housing policy and instruments through which it achievs its goals. Further the thesis analyzes the current situation in the housing stock and its allocation to individual sectors. The third chapter concentrates on the issue of rental and co-operative housing. This chapter provides ample space for development of regulation as well as deregulation of rents. The end of the chapter foccuses the attention on the issue of social housing not only in the Czech Republic but also in selected countries of the European Union. The last two chapters deal with state housing support, where in addition to promoting the supply side mentioned is also housing benefit and satisfaction with living in the Czech Republic.

Fastighetsmarknaden utvecklas i samverkan mellan ekonomi, lagar och regler. En förändring i det institutionella ramverket kan därmed ge förutsättningar för en förändring ifastighetsmarknaden. Denna studie fokuserar på hur de ekonomiska incitamenten förbostadsrättsföreningar att genomföra tredimensionell fastighetsbildning påverkas avförändringar i det institutionella ramverket. Studien fokuserar även på bakomliggandefaktorer till bostadsrättsföreningars genomförande av 3D-delning och utreder för- ochnackdelar för olika tillvägagångssätt och hur processen kan optimeras. För att besvara syftetmed studien har en explorativ studie med semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts.Resultaten visar att det främsta incitamentet till att genomföra en 3D-delning av lokalytanär att förbättra skattesituationen för föreningen och dess medlemmar. Vilkettillvägagångssätt som är mest fördelaktigt beror på specifika faktorer i byggnaden ochföreningen. Studien visar att försäljning av lokalytan genererar kapital och är ett mindrekrävande alternativ som begränsar ekonomiska risker, men att föreningar med högkompetens kan välja egen förvaltning för att maximera värdet och behålla kontroll. Förföreningar med dåliga driftnetton kan det vara fördelaktigt att först förvalta själva för attsedan sälja när driftnettona förbättrats. Om lokalytan avyttrats har det visats fördelaktigt attbehålla en liten del av lokalytan som ger ett stadigt kassaflöde, samtidigt som äkthetuppnås. Det framgår att komplexiteten i det institutionella ramverket sannolikt minskarbenägenheten för föreningar med låg fastighetsrättslig expertis att genomföra en 3D-delning. Avslutningsvis visar studien att avskaffandet av lättnadsreglerna 2016 har påverkatde ekonomiska incitamenten mest, och att optimering av förrättnings- ochtransaktionsprocessen kräver hög kompetens. / The real estate market develops through the interaction of economics, laws, and regulations. A change in the institutional framework can thus create conditions for a change in the realestate market. This study focuses on how economic incentives for housing cooperatives toimplement three-dimensional property formation are affected by changes in the institutionalframework. The study also examines the underlying factors for housing cooperatives'implementation of 3D division and investigates the advantages and disadvantages ofvarious approaches and how the process can be optimized. To address the purpose of thestudy, an exploratory study with semi-structured interviews was conducted.The results show that the main incentive for carrying out a 3D division of the local area isto improve the tax situation for the association and its members. The most advantageousapproach depends on specific factors in the building and the association. The studyindicates that selling the local area generates capital and is a less demanding option thatlimits financial risks, but associations with high competence may choose self-managementto maximize value and retain control. For associations with poor net operating incomes, itmay be beneficial to manage themselves first and then sell when net operating incomeshave improved. If the local area is sold, it has been shown advantageous to retain a smallpart of the local area that provides a steady cash flow while achieving authenticity. Itappears that the complexity of the institutional framework likely reduces the willingness ofassociations with low property law expertise to carry out a 3D division. Finally, the studyshows that the abolition of the relief rules in 2016 has had the most impact on economicincentives, and that optimizing the decision-making and transaction process requires highcompetence.

Avyttringen och ombildningen av kommunala och privata bostadshyresfastigheter till bostadsrättsföreningar har blivit ett allt vanligare fenomen under de senaste decennierna. Främst sker avyttringen i Stockholms kommun. Syftet med denna uppsats är att mäta om prissättningen vid utförsäljning av bostadshyresfastigheter inom Stockholms kommun skiljer sig beroende på om säljaren varit privat eller ett allmännyttigt kommunalt bolag. För att undersöka detta har olika regressionsmodeller applicerats på data över fastighetsprisregistret under två mandatperioder. Resultatet visar en tydlig prisskillnad mellan kommunala avyttringar och privata inom samma områdesindelning. Skillnaden i prissättning innebär att kommunala fastighetsbolag har realiserat ut och omfördelat skattebetalarnas pengar, till ett värde som kan uppgå till så mycket som 3,23 miljarder kronor räknat i 2010 års penningvärde. Sannolikt är en sådan förmögenhetsomfördelning inte samhällsekonomisk effektiv. Vidare torde den motverka syftet med hyreslagsstiftningen. / In the Swedish market for multi-family housing, investment properties are often sold to the tenants who thus convert the property into co-operative housing. This is particularly true in attractive housing location where the existing rent control is in practice binding for all residential rental units. It is somewhat less self-evident that multi-family properties owned by the municipality (not-for-profit, council housing) would also be subject to such conversions. This is, however, quite common, particularly in Stockholm. The aim of this paper is to estimate whether council housing is generally sold to the tenants with a discount, as compared to the market prices of transactions where private property companies sell their properties. We use regression techniques applied to data from the official record of real property transactions. We find a significant price difference between the two categories of transactions. Council housing is sold out at a discount price and we estimate that a total value of some 3.23 billion SEK may have been redistributed from the taxpayers to the housing purchasers in these transactions. This program is probably not efficient from a public economic perspective. Furthermore, it counteracts the purpose of the current rent control legislation.

The diploma thesis focus on evaluation of co-operative housing construction as one of the way from current credit crisis of financing of housing construction. Specifies and evaluate individual types of financig of new housing construction and apply it on model example. Evaluation is based on analysis of present circumstances of housing construction and trend of mortgage loans. In this evaluation also looks at subvene of new housing construction. At the same time looks on an alternative of non-profit co-operative housing construction.

The diploma thesis deals with the future smart district at Špitálka in Brno - Zábrdovice. The smart district will serve as a pilot territory to verify the goal setting from the vision for the #brno2050 strategy. One of the main motives is the activation of the territory by means of relevant interventions, which can start the development not only of this area, but can also have a positive impact on the entire locality. The aim of the diploma thesis is to contribute to the preparations for the revitalization of the city district and to outline possible alternatives for the phasing of development, the method of activating the territory and temporary use during the realization process. Further contribute to the discussion about cooperation public sector with private, community planning in our environment and the possibility of alternative project financing. The proposed tactics correspond to the local significance, are based on current values and lead to a sustainable urbanization process of an evolving urban environment. The work is analytically based on the current criteria of the urban environment generated by the investments of capitalist society. The proposal focuses on areas related to performative planning or an experimental form of so-called bottom-up planning and supports the principles of Smart City.