<p>The objective of this study is to investigate how Chinese companies collaborate with Chinese universities. These companies in academic often referred as technology-based firms and follow a trend of Industry-University collaboration. Prior research within this field has found that these technology-based firms generally apply a model when collaborate with universities to reach both exploration and exploitation. Literature has given much attention to firms originating from European countries, and for that matter, more research needs to focus on the collaboration between Chinese firms and Chinese Universities. This exploratory research has incorporated a holistic approach in order to obtain an overall picture of the underlying pattern behind the collaboration. In order to aid and facilitate this investigation, I have followed a conceptual research model that has functioned as a guiding tool for my exploration and analysis. This conceptual research model is comprised of four main Industry-University models: Spin-off Model, joint project development model, joint-lab model and PHD work station. In order to investigate the objectives of the study, four cases from companies and universities were selected representing highly innovative company and university: Westbaltic Components AB, HuaWei Technologies, FuDan University and ZheJiang University.</p>

The objective of this study is to investigate how Chinese companies collaborate with Chinese universities. These companies in academic often referred as technology-based firms and follow a trend of Industry-University collaboration. Prior research within this field has found that these technology-based firms generally apply a model when collaborate with universities to reach both exploration and exploitation. Literature has given much attention to firms originating from European countries, and for that matter, more research needs to focus on the collaboration between Chinese firms and Chinese Universities. This exploratory research has incorporated a holistic approach in order to obtain an overall picture of the underlying pattern behind the collaboration. In order to aid and facilitate this investigation, I have followed a conceptual research model that has functioned as a guiding tool for my exploration and analysis. This conceptual research model is comprised of four main Industry-University models: Spin-off Model, joint project development model, joint-lab model and PHD work station. In order to investigate the objectives of the study, four cases from companies and universities were selected representing highly innovative company and university: Westbaltic Components AB, HuaWei Technologies, FuDan University and ZheJiang University.

Published Article / Literature reveals the crucial influence of school leadership on the creation and maintenance of successful schools. In searching for new foundations to understand leadership, Raelin's leaderful practice model serves as an authentic model to describe a successful South African leadership practice. A qualitative study was used to interpret school leadership in primary schools through the lens of the leaderful practice model. The following observations emerged from the study: "It is passion that makes people succeed in life"; "It isn't my school, it's our school"; and "Development has to be an integral part of education". By sharing the leadership experiences of the principal, this study could serve as a valuable resource and promote the creation of other leaderful practices in South African schools.

Collaborating in engineering design is taking place increasingly across technical disciplines, departments and organisations. When collaborating, participants confront issues about how to share understanding and foster aligned project expectations. A review of literature suggests there is limited research about the process of collaborating in engineering design and how collaborating is influenced by context. Collaborating is distinguished as a relational concept (involving at least two parties) that is a social process occurring in both pairs and a group. Studies currently focus on group effectiveness, one or two processes (e.g. communication), and either a group (e.g. a collaboration) or pairwise relations (e.g. inter-organisational relationships). A framework of relevant concepts was adopted from literature on collaboration practice to organise empirical data. Collaborating in engineering design is explored in sixty semi-structured interviews focusing on participants’ interaction and shared understanding (as pairs and groups) in their activities. This is complemented by observations of group meetings and project documentation. Empirical data is presented from four industry-based case studies classified by design type (adaptive or original) and design setting (intra or inter-organisational). Cross-case comparisons draw attention to an increase in ambiguity and uncertainty in combining tasks, roles, expertise and participants in original design type or inter-organisational cases. Findings from cross-case analysis highlight seven new conceptual categories. Four features (Opportunity, Dependence, Results, Adjustments) are used to present a dilemma that participants face which is more acute where organisational and knowledge boundaries are crossed. Three mechanisms (Familiarising, Associating, Regulating) describe how pairwise relations influence a group and individuals in collaborating. These show that through pairwise relations individuals recognise, establish and maintain expectations of how to collaborate in engineering design. This reveals that pairwise relations both help and hinder individuals and a group in how they adjust to foster aligned expectations of collaborating.

This qualitative case-study research investigated how Eastern European immigrant youth in a southern English public secondary school adjusted to and experienced the British educational system, which involves streaming students into levels of academic ability. The study focused on these students experiences of day-to-day life in a British secondary school and it explored the challenges and successes that they experienced. The study also investigated the experiences of teachers and administrators involved in the education of immigrant students. Through the use of student and faculty experiences, through recorded interviews, this study sought to understand how educators could improve the ways they are educating immigrant students.

This qualitative case-study research investigated how Eastern European immigrant youth in a southern English public secondary school adjusted to and experienced the British educational system, which involves streaming students into levels of academic ability. The study focused on these students experiences of day-to-day life in a British secondary school and it explored the challenges and successes that they experienced. The study also investigated the experiences of teachers and administrators involved in the education of immigrant students. Through the use of student and faculty experiences, through recorded interviews, this study sought to understand how educators could improve the ways they are educating immigrant students.

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<p>The purpose of this article has been to elucidate social secretaries’ and teachers’ experiences of collaboration around children in need of society’s intervention. We wanted to examine what the difficulties could be, according to their experience, and how they handled them. Additionally our aim was to analyze whether their method of dealing with the obstacles were likely to succeed, viewed from the perspective of system theory. In order to achieve our purpose we used a qualitative method and interviewed four social secretaries and four teachers. The results displayed a similarity between what our respondents experienced to be obstacles to collaboration and that which previous research has acknowledge as obstacles. The social secretaries tried to overcome the difficulties they experienced by different acts of communication with their collaborators in order to create a common experience through language and narration concerning the children. Reflecting from the perspective of system theory about how they communicate and their attitudes towards their collaborators and the process of collaboration, they would be likely to succeed in their attempts. What would possibly impede their successful handling of the obstacles is their perceived lack of time, and because of the fact that the contacts often lack continuity.</p>

The purpose of this article has been to elucidate social secretaries’ and teachers’ experiences of collaboration around children in need of society’s intervention. We wanted to examine what the difficulties could be, according to their experience, and how they handled them. Additionally our aim was to analyze whether their method of dealing with the obstacles were likely to succeed, viewed from the perspective of system theory. In order to achieve our purpose we used a qualitative method and interviewed four social secretaries and four teachers. The results displayed a similarity between what our respondents experienced to be obstacles to collaboration and that which previous research has acknowledge as obstacles. The social secretaries tried to overcome the difficulties they experienced by different acts of communication with their collaborators in order to create a common experience through language and narration concerning the children. Reflecting from the perspective of system theory about how they communicate and their attitudes towards their collaborators and the process of collaboration, they would be likely to succeed in their attempts. What would possibly impede their successful handling of the obstacles is their perceived lack of time, and because of the fact that the contacts often lack continuity.

With focal point on the national directions, created by Länsstyrelsen (Swedish county administration) in cooperation with National Method support against Trafficking (NMT), this paper aims to depict the phenomena trafficking and also portray the concurrent counteracting against trafficking in Sweden that authorities exert. All involved participants in this mechanism have their particular remit and their ability to interact is hence of utmost significance. In order to fully comprehend and be able to analyze these unified operative execution-elements and processes in Sweden we also have to understand what is proceeding in the international arena. The organized crime-combine is not restrained by boundaries and continuously develop and refine methods in sexual trafficking, that has grown into an expanding multibillion industry. International counteracting is consequently a worldwide existing matter of utmost interest. Therefore we will also, in our report, present international machines such as International Organization for Migration (IOM). In regard to the proceedings in the international arena, concerning empirical and methodical techniques and information of research findings, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) occupies the leading place in the analysis. The main focus, the cornerstone of this paper, is an inquiry into the formerly relatively unknown and unexplored aspects of what happens to individuals who have been subjected to sexual trafficking in Sweden after governmental intervention implicating forced re-allocation to the country-of-origin. There is an essential need for permanent structures for rehabilitation, acceptable socio-economic standard and effective methods to prevent victims of crime to be exposed to reoccurring exploitation. The basis for the analysis has been an organizational theory of society. This has been the foundation also for the understanding of collaboration between different actors and has accordingly given insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the mechanism of interaction.