Ball mill grinding is an important operation in the processing of most minerals, in that it may be used to produce particles of the required size and shape, to liberate minerals from each other for concentration purposes, and to increase the powder surface area. Grinding of minerals is probably the most energy consuming task and optimization of this operation has vital importance in processing plant operations to achieve the lowest operating costs. Predicting the complete product size distribution, mill specifications and power draw are important parameters of this optimization. In this study, a computer simulation program is developed in MATLAB environment to simulate grinding operations using the kinetic model in which comminution is considered as a process continuous in time. This type of model is commonly and successfully used for tumbling grinding mills having strongly varying residence time as a function of feed rate. The program developed, GRINDSIM, is capable of simulating a ball mill for a specified set of model parameters, estimating grinding kinetic parameters from experimental batch grinding data and calculating continuous open and closed-circuit grinding behavior with mill power input. The user interacts with the program through graphical user interfaces (GUI&rsquo / s).

Mémoire (M.E.L.)--Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1999. / Ce mémoire a été réalisé à Chicoutimi dans le cadre du programme de maîtrise en études littéraires de l'Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières extensionné à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi. CaQCU Bibliogr.: f. [99-101]. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Submitted by Priscila Nascimento (pnascimento@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2012-12-03T16:23:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 camille-brandao.pdf: 2860228 bytes, checksum: 83c9dbffefc606b192592b1683efd604 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-12-03T16:23:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 camille-brandao.pdf: 2860228 bytes, checksum: 83c9dbffefc606b192592b1683efd604 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / O presente estudo visa à adaptação de ensaios imunoenzimáticos comerciais de diagnóstico da hepatite C para uso em amostras de sangue coletado em papel de filtro (SCPF). Foram coletadas amostras pareadas de soro e SCPF de 411 indivíduos com média de idade de 40 anos, provenientes de banco de sangue e três unidades de saúde. As amostras foram submetidas a dois ensaios imunoenzimáticos (EIEs) para detecção de anticorpos anti-HCV: HCV Ab, Radim (Itália) e ETI-AB-HCVK-4, DiaSorin (Itália); e a dois EIEs para detecção simultânea de antígeno core do HCV e anticorpos anti-HCV, Monolisa TM HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA, Bio-Rad (França) e Murex HCV Ag/Ab Combination, Abbott (África do Sul). A detecção de anti-HCV e simultânea de antígeno e anticorpos anti-HCV em amostras de soro foi feita conforme recomendações dos fabricantes, e em SCPF foram avaliados os parâmetros, tampão de eluição, volumes de amostra, de diluente de amostra e de conjugado, tempo de incubação da amostra e valor do ponto de corte (PC). Após otimização desses parâmetros foram determinados os valores de sensibilidade (S), especificidade (E), concordância (valor de kappa), limite de detecção do teste, valores preditivos positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN), precisão intraensaio e interensaio. A estabilidade das amostras de SCPF foi avaliada em diferentes condições ambientais (22-26ºC, 2-8°C e -20°C). Como resultado, o tampão PBS/BSA 0,5% foi selecionado para eluição das amostras de SCPF e estabelecido um aumento no volume de amostra para todos os fabricantes. Os tempos de incubação e os volumes de conjugado seguiram a recomendação dos fabricantes. Para o EIE HCV Ab os valores determinados foram S = 97,50%, E = 99,46%, kappa (k)= 0,959, VPP = 64,59% e VPN = 99,97%, para uma prevalência de doença de 1% na população. Para o EIE ETI-AB-HCVK-4, o PC foi estabelecido pela curva ROCe observou-se S = 88,89%, E = 98,89%, k= 0,875, VPP = 44,71% e VPN = 99,89%. O PC do EIE Monolisa TM HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA foi obtido pela curva ROCe verificou-se S = 95,12%, E =100%, k= 0,959, VPP = 100% e VPN = 99,95%. O PC para o EIE Murex HCV Ag/Ab Combinationfoi determinado pela média dos valores de densidade ótica (D.O.) das amostras de SCPF correspondentes àquelas de soro negativas no teste, acrescido de três desvios padrão proporcionando S = 78,05%, E = 99,43%, k= 0,838, VPP = 58,04% e VPN = 99,78%. O limite de detecção mostrou reatividade até a diluição de 1/10.000 para EIE HCV Ab e EIE ETI-AB-HCVK-4 e até 1/1.000 com EIE Monolisa TM HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA e EIE Murex HCV Ag/Ab Combination. Os resultados das amostras de SCPF obtiveram erro total inferior a 17% e as mesmas mantiveram-se estáveis nas diferentes condições de armazenamento por 60 dias. Os resultados obtidosnos EIE HCV ab e EIE Monolisa TM HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA mostraram-se mais concordantes com os observados com as amostras de soro, indicando melhor desempenho desses ensaios em amostras de SCPF. / The present study aims at adaptation of commercial enzyme immunoasssays for diagnosis of hepatitis C to be used with dried blood spots (DBS). Paired serum and DBS samples from 411 individuals with mean age of 40 years, were collected at Blood Center and three out patient units. Samples were tested for the detection of anti-HCV antibodies by using two enzyme immunoassays (EIAs): HCV Ab, Radim (Italy) and ETI-AB-HCVK-4, DiaSorin (Italy); and two EIAs for the simultaneous detection of hepatites C virus (HCV) core antigen and anti-HCV antibodies: Monolisa TM HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA, Bio-Rad (France) and Murex HCV Ag/Ab Combination, Abbott (South Africa). Anti-HCV detection and simultaneous detection of HCV core antigen and anti-HCV antibodies in serum sample were perfomed according to the manufacture’s recommendations. In DBS samples parameters such as elution buffer, sample, diluent, and conjugate volumes, incubation period, and cut off (CO) values were evaluated. After optimization of these parameters, values of sensitivity, specificity, inter-rater agreement (kappa value), detection limit, intra- and inter-assay precision were determinated. Stability of DBS samples was investigated in different conditions (22-26ºC, 2-8°C e -20°C). As results, PBS/BSA 0,5% buffer was chosen as elution buffer in DBS samples and an increased volume of the samples in all EIAs was established. Incubation duration and volume of conjugate were in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations. With EIA HCV Ab values sensitivity of 97,50%, specificity 99,46%, inter-rate agreement 0,959, positive predictive value 64,59%, and negative predictive value (1% of disease prevalence) 99,97% were observed. For the EIA ETI-AB-HCVK-4 best cut-off values were obtained from ROC curve and observed values were sensitivity 88,89%, specificity 98,89%, inter-rate agreement 0,875, positive predictive value 44,71%, and negative predictive value 99,89%. For the EIA Monolisa TM HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA best cut-off values were obtained from ROC curve with sensitivity of 95,12%, specificity 100%, inter-rate agreement 0,959, positive predictive value 100%, and negative predictive value 99,95%. For the EIA Murex HCV Ag/Ab Combination best cut-off values were obtained by calculating the average of optical density of DBS samples correspondent to those with negative results in serum plus three standard deviations, resulting in a sensitivity of 78,05%, specificity of 99,43%, inter-rate agreement of 0,838, positive predictive value of 58,04%, and a negative predictive value of 99,78%. The lower limit of HCV Ab and ETI-AB-HCVK-4 tests in DBS was 1/10.000, and for Monolisa TM HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA and Murex HCV Ag/Ab Combination was 1/1.000. Total error of DBS results was below 17% and all DBS samples maintained stable in all storage conditions for 60 days. Results obtained with EIE HCV Ab and EIA Monolisa TM HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA were found to be more concordant with those observed for serum samples, indicating a better performance of theses assays inDBS samples.

No description available.

Uma das mais influentes figuras da literatura irlandesa, o escritor W. B. Yeats conta com uma vasta obra em diversos gêneros (poesia, prosa ficcional, ensaios, teatro, autobiografias) e que se estende por uma longa carreira, do final dos anos 1880 até sua morte, em 1939. Durante todos esses anos de intensa atividade, Yeats acumulou uma profícua correspondência, da qual quase oito mil cartas sobrevivem. Parte de um esforço de décadas, vêm sendo publicados volumes das Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats, um projeto de edição crítica completa da correspondência ativa do autor sob edição-geral de John Kelly para a Oxford University Press. Partindo de uma análise do histórico de publicação das cartas do escritor até o presente momento da edição de John Kelly, esta tese contextualiza as diferentes formas como o rico material das cartas foi utilizado pela crítica do autor e propõe uma exploração das epístolas que Yeats envia a periódicos de língua inglesa para publicação nas seções de Cartas ao Editor, ao final do século XIX. O recorte proposto e a abordagem adotada baseiam-se em um entendimento da correspondência de escritores como um campo de estudo distinto, regido por preocupações que remetem a características específicas do gênero carta. Ancorando-se em diversos outros estudos sobre a escrita epistolar, sejam eles de cunho mais teórico (como DIAZ, 2002), sejam aplicados a escritores específicos (como STANLEY, 2011), a presente pesquisa explora a correspondência aberta do jovem Yeats para ressaltar os usos políticos que ele faz desse tipo de texto. Considerando-se diferentes temas e controvérsias nas quais ele se envolve, partese de uma contextualização do conteúdo referencial das cartas para uma análise das formas como o escritor busca engajar-se com o leitor com o intuito de convencêlo. O estudo revelou que o período escolhido é rico em material sobre a relação entre a literatura e a construção da identidade seja a identidade pessoal e artística do próprio poeta, que busca definir-se em relação à tradição, seja a identidade de toda uma literatura nacional. Para o poeta, definir o cânone nacional irlandês era uma condição essencial para a independência política, uma antiga reinvidicação de parcelas do povo irlandês e que volta a ter grande relevância com os movimentos nacionalistas dos séculos XIX e XX. A análise das estratégias utilizadas por Yeats nas cartas abertas revela uma crescente sofisticação de técnicas e no uso das potencialidades dialógicas e performativas da escrita epistolar e demonstra, concomitantemente, seu amadurecimento como escritor. / One of the most influential figures in Irish literature, the writer W. B. Yeats has produced a vast oeuvre spanning many genres (poetry, prose fiction, essays, theater, autobiographies) and extending over a long career, from the late 1880s until his death in 1939. During all these years of intense activity, Yeats accumulated a fruitful correspondence, of which nearly eight thousand letters survive. Part of an effort of decades that have been published as The Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats, an ongoing critical edition of the authors correspondence under the general editorship of John Kelly for the Oxford University Press. From an analysis of the history of publication of the writers correspondence until John Kellys edition, this thesis contextualizes the different ways in which this rich material has been used by Yeats criticism and proposes an exploration of the letters Yeats sends to periodicals for publication in the Letters to the Editor section during the end of the nineteenth century. The proposed focus and approach are based on an understanding of the writers correspondence as a distinct field of study, governed by concerns that refer back to the specific characteristics of the letter genre. Anchored by several other studies on epistolary writing, both from a more theoretical nature (as DIAZ, 2002) or applied to specific writers (as STANLEY, 2011), this research explores the open correspondence of the young Yeats to highlight the political uses of this kind of text. Considering different issues and controversies in which he engages, the study includes a contextualization of the content of the letters and an analysis of the ways in which the writer seeks to engage with readers in order to convince them. The research found that the chosen period is rich in material dealing with the relationship between literature and the construction of identity be it the personal and artistic identity of the poet, who tries to define himself in relation to tradition, or the identity of a national literature. For the poet, defining Irish national canon was an essential condition for political independence a centuries-long aspiration of the Irish people that once again achieves great relevance among the nationalist movements in the nineteenth and twentieth century. The analysis of the strategies used by Yeats in open letters reveals a growing sophistication in terms of the techniques and his use of the dialogical and performative potentials of the epistolary writing, concomitantly revealing how he matures as a writer.

EVALUATING TWO SHOPPING CENTERS IN THE LIGHT OF PRINCIPLES OF UNIVERSAL DESIGN Sev&uuml / k, Muhammet Sancar M. of Arch., Department of Architecture Supervisor of the thesis: Prof. Dr. Vacit Imamoglu April 2011, 156 Pages Starting from the second half of the 20th century, the number of aged people and people with aging-related disabilities has increased significantly in the world. Parallel to this increase, special projects have been developed for aged people in the developed countries, but with these projects aged people were often excluded from society. People with disabilities were already living isolated from society. With the effect of raising awareness in the public after the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, in the course of the last sixty years studies have been realized and new standards and principles have been developed for elderly people and people with disabilities to benefit from the social life equally together with everyone and to raise their quality of life. Starting with the barrier-free design approach, a new period improving and changing the view point of design from general and private design to design for all, to inclusive and/or the universal design has begun. In the thesis, this period has been reviewed through the summarized definitions of these stages. The effects of these improvements have been related to the design and construction of the built environments and buildings. Therefore, people with disabilities started to participate in the society more than ever. The implementation of principles of the Universal Design in the public buildings, especially to hospitals, cultural centers and shopping centers has gained more importance in order to advance full social integration of people with disabilities to the society. Number of shopping centers in Turkey increased rapidly after 1995. In this thesis, two examples were examined and evaluated in the light of universal design principles. The problems faced in these buildings were examined in order to design more inclusive buildings and environments. A brief history of shopping centers was presented. Brief information about some examples of old bazaars from Anatolia and shopping centers from different countries were given.

Boolean functions are accepted to be cryptographically strong if they satisfy some common pre-determined criteria. It is expected that any design criteria should remain invariant under a large group of transformations due to the theory of similarity of secrecy systems proposed by Shannon. One of the most important design criteria for cryptographically strong Boolean functions is the nonlinearity criterion. Meier and Staffelbach studied nonlinearity preserving transformations, by considering the invertible transformations acting on the arguments of Boolean functions, namely the pre-transformations. In this thesis, first, the results obtained by Meier and Staffelbach are presented. Then, the invertible transformations acting on the truth tables of Boolean functions, namely the post-transformations, are studied in order to determine whether they keep the nonlinearity criterion invariant. The equivalent counterparts of Meier and Staffelbach&rsquo / s results are obtained in terms of the post-transformations. In addition, the existence of nonlinearity preserving post-transformations, which are not equivalent to pre-transformations, is proved. The necessary and sufficient conditions for an affine post-transformation to preserve nonlinearity are proposed and proved. Moreover, the sufficient conditions for an non-affine post-transformation to keep nonlinearity invariant are proposed. Furthermore, it is proved that the smart hill climbing method, which is introduced to improve nonlinearity of Boolean functions by Millan et. al., is equivalent to applying a post-transformation to a single Boolean function. Finally, the necessary and sufficient condition for an affine pre-transformation to preserve the strict avalanche criterion is proposed and proved.

This article explores the memories of childhood that Jose Maria Arguedas reconstructs in his letters and the recreation and imagination of himself as a symbol of the Peruvian nation. His recollections portrait ambivalent feelings of suffering and tenderness, with special attention to the need of protection, as well as the identification with the oral expression and the Andean world view, creating a new sense of otherness: one that is more connected to the emotions. Arguedas stablishes himself as a living bridge in Peruvian culture and as the reincarnation of a diverse country, filled with contradictions. / Este artículo aborda las memorias de infancia que José María Arguedas reconstruye en sus cartas y la recreación e imaginación de sí mismo como símbolo de la nación peruana. Sus recuerdos retratan sentimientos ambivalentes de sufrimiento y ternura, con especial acento en la necesidad de protección, y de identificación con el mundo oral y la cosmovisión andina, creando un nuevo sentido de “otredad”: uno ligado más a las emociones y los afectos. Arguedas se construye a sí mismo como un puente viviente en la cultura peruana y como la encarnación de un país diverso y lleno de contradicciones.

Uma das mais influentes figuras da literatura irlandesa, o escritor W. B. Yeats conta com uma vasta obra em diversos gêneros (poesia, prosa ficcional, ensaios, teatro, autobiografias) e que se estende por uma longa carreira, do final dos anos 1880 até sua morte, em 1939. Durante todos esses anos de intensa atividade, Yeats acumulou uma profícua correspondência, da qual quase oito mil cartas sobrevivem. Parte de um esforço de décadas, vêm sendo publicados volumes das Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats, um projeto de edição crítica completa da correspondência ativa do autor sob edição-geral de John Kelly para a Oxford University Press. Partindo de uma análise do histórico de publicação das cartas do escritor até o presente momento da edição de John Kelly, esta tese contextualiza as diferentes formas como o rico material das cartas foi utilizado pela crítica do autor e propõe uma exploração das epístolas que Yeats envia a periódicos de língua inglesa para publicação nas seções de Cartas ao Editor, ao final do século XIX. O recorte proposto e a abordagem adotada baseiam-se em um entendimento da correspondência de escritores como um campo de estudo distinto, regido por preocupações que remetem a características específicas do gênero carta. Ancorando-se em diversos outros estudos sobre a escrita epistolar, sejam eles de cunho mais teórico (como DIAZ, 2002), sejam aplicados a escritores específicos (como STANLEY, 2011), a presente pesquisa explora a correspondência aberta do jovem Yeats para ressaltar os usos políticos que ele faz desse tipo de texto. Considerando-se diferentes temas e controvérsias nas quais ele se envolve, partese de uma contextualização do conteúdo referencial das cartas para uma análise das formas como o escritor busca engajar-se com o leitor com o intuito de convencêlo. O estudo revelou que o período escolhido é rico em material sobre a relação entre a literatura e a construção da identidade seja a identidade pessoal e artística do próprio poeta, que busca definir-se em relação à tradição, seja a identidade de toda uma literatura nacional. Para o poeta, definir o cânone nacional irlandês era uma condição essencial para a independência política, uma antiga reinvidicação de parcelas do povo irlandês e que volta a ter grande relevância com os movimentos nacionalistas dos séculos XIX e XX. A análise das estratégias utilizadas por Yeats nas cartas abertas revela uma crescente sofisticação de técnicas e no uso das potencialidades dialógicas e performativas da escrita epistolar e demonstra, concomitantemente, seu amadurecimento como escritor. / One of the most influential figures in Irish literature, the writer W. B. Yeats has produced a vast oeuvre spanning many genres (poetry, prose fiction, essays, theater, autobiographies) and extending over a long career, from the late 1880s until his death in 1939. During all these years of intense activity, Yeats accumulated a fruitful correspondence, of which nearly eight thousand letters survive. Part of an effort of decades that have been published as The Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats, an ongoing critical edition of the authors correspondence under the general editorship of John Kelly for the Oxford University Press. From an analysis of the history of publication of the writers correspondence until John Kellys edition, this thesis contextualizes the different ways in which this rich material has been used by Yeats criticism and proposes an exploration of the letters Yeats sends to periodicals for publication in the Letters to the Editor section during the end of the nineteenth century. The proposed focus and approach are based on an understanding of the writers correspondence as a distinct field of study, governed by concerns that refer back to the specific characteristics of the letter genre. Anchored by several other studies on epistolary writing, both from a more theoretical nature (as DIAZ, 2002) or applied to specific writers (as STANLEY, 2011), this research explores the open correspondence of the young Yeats to highlight the political uses of this kind of text. Considering different issues and controversies in which he engages, the study includes a contextualization of the content of the letters and an analysis of the ways in which the writer seeks to engage with readers in order to convince them. The research found that the chosen period is rich in material dealing with the relationship between literature and the construction of identity be it the personal and artistic identity of the poet, who tries to define himself in relation to tradition, or the identity of a national literature. For the poet, defining Irish national canon was an essential condition for political independence a centuries-long aspiration of the Irish people that once again achieves great relevance among the nationalist movements in the nineteenth and twentieth century. The analysis of the strategies used by Yeats in open letters reveals a growing sophistication in terms of the techniques and his use of the dialogical and performative potentials of the epistolary writing, concomitantly revealing how he matures as a writer.

Note: