The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the effect of exposure to multicultural and colour blind ideologies on discrimination in individual selection decisions, and diversity in team selection decisions. One hundred and fourteen participants role played a hiring manager in a large government organization, and were assigned to a multicultural, colour blind or control condition. Participants rated either an Arab Muslim or a White Canadian job applicant, and then selected a team to form a task force from a diverse pool of employees. However, the diversity ideology espoused by the organization did not have an effect on the individual or team selection decisions that participants made, or on attitudes towards diversity issues in the workplace. Possible explanations for non-significant results and implications for practice are discussed.

A recent hypothesis for explaining blue-green eggs in birds suggests that they may be a sexually selected signal of female (and thus nestling) quality that males use to make parental investment decisions. Although this hypothesis has found mixed correlational support in a few species, well-controlled experimental support has been lacking in non-cavity-nesting species with vivid blue eggs. In this study, we isolate the influence of egg colour on male behaviour by replacing natural American robin Turdus migratorius clutches with four artificial eggs (all of the same colour) representing extremes in natural colour intensity. After incubation, three unrelated nestlings were fostered into each experimental nest immediately after the normal incubation period and parental behaviour was monitored when nestlings were 3, 6, and 9 days old. For the youngest nestlings, male provisioning rate significantly increased in the dark egg treatment, but the effect of egg colour disappeared at the older nestling stages. This result remains significant when controlling for variation in female behaviour. Male feeding rate at unmanipulated nests was also significantly related to natural egg colour. These results suggest that blue-green egg colour acts as post-mating signal of female quality in at least some cup-nesting species, but does not exclude the possibility that the blue-green pigment also serves other adaptive purposes. / Thesis (Master, Biology) -- Queen's University, 2009-05-28 13:21:06.941

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AIM: To analyze staining properties of aesthetic brackets. MATERIAL & METHODS: A total of 400 tooth-coloured brackets from 10 brands 5 ceramic and 5 plastic) were investigated. Cumulative effects of staining agents were analyzed at simulated light and heavy consumption levels. Study groups were immersed in the staining agents consecutively at 37°C. The control group was exposed to artificial saliva. Samples were analyzed digitally to obtain the L*, a*, and b* (lightness, red-green, and yellow-blue) colour readings. Using these values total colour change (ΔE*) was also calculated. A general linear model (ANOVA) test was used for statistical comparisons. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in L*, and b* values of ceramic brackets at all consumption levels (p≤.0001). All values had significant differences amongst the plastic brackets (p≤.0001), except for L* with heavy exposure. Total ΔE* values for ceramic and plastic brackets were 11 and 26, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Both plastic and ceramic brackets showed changes in colour when exposed to staining agents, with plastic brackets being the most affected.

No description available.

No description available.

AIM: To analyze staining properties of aesthetic brackets. MATERIAL & METHODS: A total of 400 tooth-coloured brackets from 10 brands 5 ceramic and 5 plastic) were investigated. Cumulative effects of staining agents were analyzed at simulated light and heavy consumption levels. Study groups were immersed in the staining agents consecutively at 37°C. The control group was exposed to artificial saliva. Samples were analyzed digitally to obtain the L*, a*, and b* (lightness, red-green, and yellow-blue) colour readings. Using these values total colour change (ΔE*) was also calculated. A general linear model (ANOVA) test was used for statistical comparisons. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in L*, and b* values of ceramic brackets at all consumption levels (p≤.0001). All values had significant differences amongst the plastic brackets (p≤.0001), except for L* with heavy exposure. Total ΔE* values for ceramic and plastic brackets were 11 and 26, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Both plastic and ceramic brackets showed changes in colour when exposed to staining agents, with plastic brackets being the most affected.

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A simple and feasible method of computer colour matching involving fluorescent dyes was developed. An ordinary abridged-spectroreflectometer with polychomatic illumination and a simulated D65 xenon light source was employed for all measurements. In addition to the normal K/S constants for non-fluorescent dyes and the non-fluorescent portion of the fluorescent dye'.. constants responsible for the fluorescent portion were necessary. Two sets of equations to relate the total radiance factors of dyeings with a fluorescent dye and its concentration were developed respectively for self and compound shades where a non-fluorescent dye is admixed. Finding constants responsible for the compound shades required a number of calibration mixture dyeings. Negative K/S constants were found useful when the total radiance factor was above that for the substrate but below one hundred. Three computer programs? s were developed to deal with calibration constants for self and compound shade and also for match prediction. Optimization was used in all cases to minimize errors in total radiance factors or colour differences. Half of the actual dyeingq formulations from the predicted were visually passed by a panel of five dyers. In this study, disperse dyes on polyester were used. Moreover, a commercial matching package was studied using non-fluorescent dyes. The dyeing system affected its accuracy. The polyester/disperse dye system was better than the cotton/reactive dye system. The sample size and luminancefactor of target colours; were also studied. The accuracy was affected slightly by the latter but not the former.

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