Yes / There has been an intense discussion among the public about the colour of a dress, shown in a picture posted originally on Tumblr (http://swiked. tumblr.com/post/112073818575/ guys-please-help-me-is-this-dress white-and; accessed on 10:56 am GMT on Tue 24 Mar 2015). Some people argue that they see a white dress with golden lace, while others describe the dress as blue with black lace. Here we show that the question “what colour is the dress?” has more than two answers. / The full text was made available at the end of the publisher's embargo, 14th May 2016

Published Article / According to Wills reflexology entails the division of the body into ten zones, concentrating on the pressure points on the feet, with each foot representing five zones (2006: Online). Colour therapy uses the vibrational frequencies of colour to restore the client's health. Colour zone therapy on the other hand, is a combination of reflexology and colour therapy. Zone refers to the working of key points on the feet, where colour refers to the assessment of the condition and treating it with the correct colour's frequency (Gimbel, 1993: 2-3). Reflexology uses a physical stimulus and colour therapy, emotional stimulus, thus colour zone therapy addresses both. In this study the researcher's objective was to investigate treatments with reflexology compared with treatments of colour zone therapy, by treating chronic sinusitis to explore the influence of colour on the outcome of reflexology treatments. Ten chronic sinusitis-suffering clients were treated with reflexology in a white cubicle. Another ten clients were treated with colour zone therapy (thus colour therapy as well as reflexology). They had indigo coloured paper in their hands. Results were obtained as case studies, with clients reporting how they felt before and after each treatment. Each client received five treatments. The results indicated that the reflexology clients did experience an improvement after the fourth treatment. By the fifth treatment three of the ten clients had discharged some mucus. However, clients treated with colour zone therapy showed results after the second treatment. At the fourth treatment, already seven of the ten colour zone therapy clients had discharged a large amount of mucus. This concludes that treating a condition with colour, in combination with another treatment provides better and quicker results.

The diverse visual specialisations of stomatopods are an important consideration in studies of their radiation and evolution. Most stomatopods in the Superfamilies Gonodactyloidea and Lysiosquilloidea have regionally specialised eyes. A central band composed of six rows of ommatidia contains an array of photoreceptive pigments and filters that allow for finely tuned colour and polarisation vision. In other stomatopods the mid-band is reduced and unspecialised, or is absent. Previously, this has been considered to be the plesiomorphic condition. Phylogenetic analyses of the Stomatopoda show that the extant stomatopod lineages evolved from a gonodactyloid-type ancestor. Characters for phylogenetic analyses have been derived from external morphology, details of eye daslqn and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Although not wholly congruent, the results from these separate analyses indicate that species with a simpler eye design are not more primitive but have lost parts of the mid-band arrangement. This regressive evolutionary event has occurred independently on a number of occasions. Observations on the neuroanatomy of the eyes in the stomatopod Neogonodactylus oerstedii have revealed the existence of an accessory lobe located distally on the medulla externa and connecting with the six mid-band rows. The lobe is involved in processing colour and polarisation information. The discovery of the lobe in species that lack the retinal specialisations for colour vision provides further evidence that they are descended from a more advanced ancestor. Similarities in the arrangement of eye muscles between species with a two or six row mid-band also give support for this conjecture. The ancestors of the modern stomatopods are likely to have evolved in shallow water and coral reef habitats. The development of colour vision was advantageous for prey location and in interspecific encounters. Stomatopods subsequently radiated into a diverse range of habitats. For those in more spectrally limited surroundings the colour vision system has largely been lost but vestiges are still present today in the form of a reduced mid-band and medulla lobe.

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För att påverka försäljning av mat och dryck använder restaurangen menyn som försäljningsverktyg. I uppsatsen diskuterades möjligheterna till ökad försäljning av mat och dryck genom att påverka gästens val med hjälp av placering samt färgval i en restaurangmeny. Syftet med undersökningen var att ta reda på hur färgsättning samt produkternas placering i en à la cartemeny påverkar restaurangens försäljning av mat och dryck. I metoden tog uppsatsförfattarna upp tillvägagångssätten som utförts för att få in materialet. Sökandet i databaserna där urvalet av de vetenskapliga artiklarna med hjälp av inklusions- och exklusionskriterierna redogörs. En av artiklarna hävdar att placeringen i en restaurangmeny kan påverka försäljningen medan två andra artiklar inte kunde finna någon direkt koppling. Det framgick att en restaurangmeny har avdelningar som gästen ägnar mer och mindre uppmärksamhet mot. Hur gästens val påverkas genom färg är en viktig faktor att använda sig av då restaurangen vill vara effektiv. Genom färg går det att påverka restaurangens försäljning. Färgsättningen i menyn rekommenderas att anpassa efter vad restaurangen vill förmedla. Placeringar i menyn kan få försäljningen att öka eller minska. / B-uppsatser

Synaesthesia is a neurological condition in which a sensory or cognitive stimulus consistently co-activates another sensory/cognitive quality, in addition to its usual qualities. For example, synaesthetes might see colours when they read words. This additional quality can be from a different modality (e.g., tactile stimuli triggering colour in addition to touch sensations) or from different aspects within the same modality (e.g. visually perceived shape stimuli triggering colour in addition to shape sensations). Coloured language is one of the most common, and most studied types of synaesthesia. The processes that govern such systematic associations of colours and language have been linked to the mechanisms underlying the processing of language. This thesis provides the first psycholinguistic exploration of synaesthesia in Chinese, in particular about how synaesthetic colouring is triggered from Chinese characters and their phonetic spellings in relation to psycholinguistic processes of character recognition. This thesis presents six empirical studies to provide evidence for the following facts: (a) that synaesthetic colouring of Chinese characters is a genuine phenomenon in the Chinese population and may affect as many as 1 in 100 Chinese people, with a (non-significant) female-to-male ratio of about 2:1; (b) that synaesthetic colours are influenced by the characters' constituent radicals (i.e., morphemic units), and (c) also by their associated phonetic spellings (in the spelling systems known as Pinyin and Bopomo); and (d) that even non-synaesthete Chinese speakers colour characters in predictable ways. These findings are discussed in relation to native (L1) versus non-native (L2) Chinese synaesthetes, and to the Chinese versus English systems. Hence, a further issue of this thesis considers how synaesthetic colouring in one's first language may affect their colouring in later-acquired languages. Synaesthetic transfer is discussed in relation to how, and how fast, the transfer can be established to a new language. Taken together, this thesis provides the most detailed information so far available about mechanisms that trigger synaesthetic colours in the Chinese language.